High sperm DNA fragmentation – finding a needle in the haystack: tips on selecting the best sperm for ICSI and ART DOI Creative Commons
Elisabetta Baldi, Giovanni M. Colpi, Zhongwei Huang

et al.

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

High levels of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) are associated with reduced assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Currently, SDF is not included in routine clinical assessment male partners infertile couples, but the 6th edition World Health Organization (WHO) manual for semen analysis chapter on extended examinations. evaluation may be indicated several conditions that have been shown to affect and increase fragmentation. In cases high levels, clinician will attempt correct any reversible factors treat patients empirically antioxidants. If persist despite empirical treatment, intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) indicated. During ICSI, embryologists can employ advanced selection procedures, reduce proportion spermatozoa fragmentation, although no procedure ensure only non-DNA-fragmented selected. consists single- or double-strand breaks backbone nucleic acid. It occur because activation apoptotic pathway, derangement process chromatin maturation during spermatogenesis, due an oxidative insult transit genital tract after spermiation.1–3 elevated men3 adverse outcomes many studies.4 Considering cannot distinguish between fertile men (with some exceptions), WHO Laboratory Examination Processing Human Semen5 section examination. measured by methods.5 Among most popular assays, it important those evaluate susceptibility damage (sperm dispersion [SCD] structure assay [SCSA]), from occurrence real (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling [TUNEL] Comet). For these methods, suggested laboratories should establish their own thresholds.5 This poses problems standardization assays.5 Published original research recent meta-analyses according method used measuring suggest TUNEL Comet assays are, general, better predictors such as fertilization rates, embryo quality, implantation miscarriage, live birth.6–8 WHEN TO ORDER AN TEST? among diagnostic tests infertility where a possible risk factor present. Several reported SDF.9,10 These include varicoceles, leukocytospermia, recurrent pregnancy loss, intrauterine insemination (IUI), vitro (IVF) ICSI failure, obesity, age (Table 1). Although there substantial evidence suggesting poorer ART outcomes, all societies' guidelines recommend men.3 lack gold standard technique, variable cut-off studies equivocal bias couple low-quality study design SDF. noted spermatozoon fragmented motile, viable, functional, oocyte ability repair damaged fertilization.11 However, impaired aged women ovarian pathologies affecting function.11 Indeed, when donor oocytes young healthy employed ART, correlation found outcomes.12 Therefore, also evaluated couples unexplained miscarriages, quality compromised.Table 1: Main indications based current literatureHOW DEAL WITH ELEVATED SDF? Clinicians approach utilizing following strategies: (1) offer treatment patient decrease (2) proceed using low selected techniques (e.g., Z microfluidic sorting; Figure The option offered depends female advisable without further delay.Figure Sperm preparation demonstrated lower levels. SDF: fragmentation; MACS: magnetic cell IMSI: morphological injection; PICSI: physiological HA: hyaluronic acid.The first line lifestyle changes which short abstinence, adequate rest, proper diet, weight reduction applicable, cessation smoking.13,14 Known correctable clinically significant varicoceles infections treated. Another strategy antioxidants, considering stress cause damage.1 Some positive effect antioxidants SDF;1,3 however, few them randomized controlled trials (RCT), systematic review selecting three eligible RCT did find SDF.15 With regard apoptosis involved induction SDF, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), reduces testis apoptosis, has hypogonadal FSH levels.16 According results survey promoted Global Andrology Forum,17 almost 80% clinicians modifications, while about 77% would prescribe empiric Only minority shorter abstinence (38%) use (about 21%). techniques, potential options, birefringent assessment, (PICSI) acid, (IMSI), others,18,19 select healthier (Figure 1 shows techniques). easy embryologist determine suitable, effective, least time-consuming available techniques. Most, if all, SDF,18 none assures expected still methods assess destroying it; hence, unable utilize testing ideal sperm. addition, whether leads improved remains controversial20 multifactorial causes infertility. A significantly increases rate euploidy (from 25.3% 42.9%, P < 0.001) previous outcomes.21 Microfluidic proposed more efficient compared other sperm-sorting sorting (MACS) acid selection.22 employing microfluidics show favorable high-quality needed confirm practice. Ideally, robust point-of-care viable allow ejaculate produced immediate fertility avoid inconsistencies each ejaculate. Evidence testicular-extracted ones, data fully support this conclusion.23 explained hypothesis suffer reactive oxygen species (ROS) along seminal pathways.2 Elevated frequently detected elderly subjects scrotum, seminiferous tubules poorly protected microtraumas, various factors.24 Thus, man ages over years, accessory gland inflammation. studies, level, confirmed higher cumulative birth could achieved ejaculated elevated. cases, worthwhile perform testicular extraction (TESE) ICSI.25,26 CLINICAL CASES To illustrate index improve here, we discuss 3 who were going through treatments. scenarios demonstrate assessing abovementioned IVF treatments result chances pregnancy. case under Ethical Committee Canton Ticino, Bellinzona, Switzerland (Approval No. 2020-01580 CE 3689), permits scientific publications. Case 40-year-old heavy smoker, married 36-year-old woman, difficulty conceiving 5 years. Fertility revealed moderate–severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OATS) only. experienced miscarriage 2019 partner underwent varicocele 2020. four unsuccessful IUIs 2021 2022. Twelve mature (MII) injected, 6 fertilized, resulting obtained blastocysts cryopreserved. single blastocyst transfers, they failed conceive. Andrological consultation was performed man, normal genitalia profile. April 2023, new moderate OATS, abnormal (SCD: 35%; aniline blue staining: 37%). month, MACS, resulted pretreatment SCD 40% posttreatment 7%). cycle, MII MACS-selected spermatozoa, attainment blastocysts. transfer one delivery newborn 11, 2024. Four remained 2 couple, both being 36 years old, came conceive 3.5 comprehensive andrological had severe FSH, luteinizing (LH), total testosterone karyotype, genetic testing, whereas showed anti-Müllerian (AMH) 0.97 ng ml−1 (usually above ml−1) 11.0 mUI ml−1. 2021, cycles Unfortunately, March revealing volume ml OATS concentration 1.6 × 106 (normal level: >15 motility 4% ≥40%), morphology 1% ≥4%). note sample very viability (20%) 69%; acridine orange test: 45%; 32%). semen, amenable strategies, TESE right arranged concurrently his wife's cycle. 9 fresh spermatozoa. cycle followed August 2023. second November 2023 failed. third cryopreserved transferred February 2024, ongoing currently at 12th week gestation. Five vials remain 33 presented 22 months duration. obese (130 kg 186 cm height), apparently good health, slight gynecomastia. Normal testes, epididymis, vasa examination varicocele. Hormone profile normal. woman gynecologically normal, apart AMH 0.80 ml−1). Semen analyses concentration: 0.2 ×106–3.0 ml−1; motility: 18% slow progressive). Routine An performed; retrieved fertilization. same submitted test 70% taking urofollitropin 150 IU times per week, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 2000 twice trying lose he sought medical consultation. May invited provide two ejaculates h. 5.6 OATs leukocytospermia: 0.8 12% progressive; 1%; leukocytes 6.8 evidenced 52% similar abnormalities before: 2.2 ml; 1.3 3% rapid progressive 20% 6.4 43% Leukocytospermia considered symptoms signs July simultaneously partner's pickup, microsurgical (micro-TESE) yielded recovery number quality. Nine injected oocytes, fertilized cryopreserved; remaining (6 vials). September 35 weeks. KEY POINTS impact Its help process. technique nor acceptable established. success ICSI. COMMENTS demanding women, its successful outcome including viability. additional criterion welcome, limitations. Since 2018, European Academy (EAA) Guidelines "suggest addition integrity (if laboratory experience) get information couple's chance spontaneous reproduction."25 Similarly, manual,5 evaluations certain circumstances. Better-quality unlikely future, difficulties enrollment prospective trials. prudent apply sound judgment existing referring ICSI.25 preliminary conjunction protocols, take-home-baby IVF. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS EB GMC wrote manuscript. ZWH, BB, BF, SR reviewed edited ZWH contributed creation 1. AA coordinated work authors checked final version. All read approved COMPETING INTERESTS declare competing interests.

Language: Английский

The adverse role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the reproductive system DOI Creative Commons

Jing Pan,

Pengfei Liu,

Xiao Yu

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Reproductive system diseases pose prominent threats to human physical and mental well-being. Besides being influenced by genetic material regulation changes in lifestyle, the occurrence of these is closely connected exposure harmful substances environment. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), characterized hormone-like effects, have a wide range influences on reproductive system. EDCs are ubiquitous natural environment present industrial everyday products. Currently, thousands been reported exhibit endocrine this number likely increase as testing for potential has not consistently required, obtaining data limited, partly due long latency many diseases. The ability avoid EDCs, especially those artificially synthesized origin, increasingly challenging. While can be divided into persistent non-persistent depending their degree degradation, recent uptick research studies area, we chosen focus pertaining detrimental effects health several that widely encountered daily life over past six years, specifically bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates (PAEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), parabens, pesticides, heavy metals, so on. By focusing impact hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which leads development diseases, review aims provide new insights molecular mechanisms EDCs’ damage encourage further in-depth clarify potentially EDC through various other mechanisms. Ultimately, it offers scientific basis enhance risk management, an endeavor significant societal importance safeguarding health.

Language: Английский

Citations

47

Toxicity analysis of endocrine disrupting pesticides on non-target organisms: A critical analysis on toxicity mechanisms DOI Open Access
Vinay Kumar, Neha Sharma, Preeti Sharma

et al.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 474, P. 116623 - 116623

Published: July 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

42

Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to molecular effects DOI Creative Commons
Marwa Lahimer,

Maria Abou Diwan,

Debbie Montjean

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

The deleterious effects of chemical or non-chemical endocrine disruptors (EDs) on male fertility potential is well documented but still not fully elucidated. For example, the detection industrial chemicals' metabolites in seminal plasma and follicular fluid can affect efficiency gametogenesis, maturation competency gametes has guided scientists to hypothesize that disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may disrupt hormonal homoeostasis by leading a wide range control impairments. EDCs exposure reproductive health are highly dependent factors including type EDCs, duration exposure, individual susceptibility, presence other co-factors. Research continue study these complex interactions. aim this review summarize literature better understand risks France.

Language: Английский

Citations

29

The impact of water pollution on the health of older people DOI

Stefania Bochynska,

A. M. Duszewska,

Marzena Maciejewska-Jeske

et al.

Maturitas, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 107981 - 107981

Published: March 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

17

The environmental and occupational influence of pesticides on male fertility: A systematic review of human studies DOI Creative Commons
Carlo Giulioni,

Valentina Maurizi,

Daniele Castellani

et al.

Andrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1250 - 1271

Published: July 6, 2022

Abstract Background The environment plays a key role in male infertility, changing the incidence various populations, and pesticides are one of most studied hazards. use latter has never decreased, jeopardizing safety workers general population. Objective Our purpose was to summarize results studies discussing association between fertility. Methods A comprehensive literature search performed through MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web Science. Only human were considered. Semen parameters DNA integrity considered evaluate effect on men. Results total 64 that investigated their impact terms semen (51 studies) chromatin (25 included. frequently affected sperm count, motility, morphology, although reduction ejaculate volume concentration occur several cases. tangible worsening quality associated with organochlorines organophosphates. Furthermore, pesticide exposure, especially pyrethroids, related higher fragmentation index chromosome aneuploidy articles. Conclusion epidemiological evidence supports fertility for exposed population quality, fragmentation, aneuploidy.

Language: Английский

Citations

36

Toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties of sucralose-6-acetate and its parent sucralose: in vitro screening assays DOI Creative Commons
Susan S. Schiffman,

Elizabeth H. Scholl,

Terrence S. Furey

et al.

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 307 - 341

Published: May 29, 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties sucralose-6-acetate, a structural analog artificial sweetener sucralose. Sucralose-6-acetate is an intermediate impurity in manufacture sucralose, recent commercial sucralose samples were found contain up 0.67% sucralose-6-acetate. Studies rodent model that sucralose-6-acetate also present fecal with levels 10% relative which suggest acetylated intestines. A MultiFlow® assay, high-throughput genotoxicity screening tool, micronucleus (MN) test detects cytogenetic damage both indicated genotoxic. mechanism action classified as clastogenic (produces DNA strand breaks) using assay. amount single daily sucralose-sweetened drink might far exceed threshold concern for (TTCgenotox) 0.15 µg/person/day. RepliGut® System employed expose human intestinal epithelium RNA-seq analysis performed gene expression induced by these exposures. significantly increased genes associated inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer greatest metallothionein 1 G (MT1G). Measurements transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) permeability transverse colon impaired barrier integrity. inhibited two members cytochrome P450 family (CYP1A2 CYP2C19). Overall, findings raise significant health concerns regarding safety regulatory status itself.

Language: Английский

Citations

18

The influence of lead exposure on male semen parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Carlo Giulioni,

Valentina Maurizi,

Virgilio De Stefano

et al.

Reproductive Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 118, P. 108387 - 108387

Published: April 28, 2023

Lead (Pb) is a metal with widespread diffusion in the environment. Pb tends to accumulate human body and, as consequence, semen alterations can be present exposed workers or general population. The aim of study evaluate effect on parameters among healthy men environmental occupational Pb. A systematic literature search was performed November 12th, 2022, through MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Observational studies comparing those not were included. Sperm pooled using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel Method random model. weighted mean difference (WMD) used summary measure. Statistical significance set at p-value 0.05. Ten papers exposure associated significant reduction volume (WMD -0.76 ml.95% CI -1.47, -0.05, p = 0.04), sperm concentration -0.63 ×106/ml 95% -1.15, -0.12, 0.02), total count -1.94 ×106 -3. 77, -0.11, vitality -2.18% -3.92, -0.45, 0.01), motility -1.31% -2.33, -0.30, 0.01). No found normal morphology, progressive motility, seminal viscosity. This review demonstrated negative most parameters. Given diffuse this population, public health concerns should considered assessed their semen.

Language: Английский

Citations

15

Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes by maternal occupational status: A national population-based study in South Korea DOI Creative Commons

Chae-Bong Kim,

Seung‐Ah Choe, Taemi Kim

et al.

Journal of Occupational Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This study examined the association between maternal occupational status and adverse pregnancy outcomes in general South Korean population.We analyzed 1 825 845 employed non-employed women with a diagnostic code for National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database (2010-2019) of Korea. Based on their employment type occupation, we calculated risk ratios three outcomes: early abortive (miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, molar pregnancy), stillbirth, no live birth (diagnosis record thereafter, which include stillbirth) adjusting covariates.Overall, 18.0%, 0.7%, 39.8% ended outcomes, stillbirths, births, respectively. The stillbirths was higher than women, while births were more frequent women. Those health social work industry showed highest births. Manufacturing jobs (1.030, 95% CI: 1.013, 1.047) health/social (1.029, 1.012, 1.046) associated an increased compared financial insurance jobs. Consistently risks observed manufacturing, wholesale/retail trade, education, work, public/social/personal service occupation.Employment during several occupation types loss. Additional research using detailed job activity data is needed to determine specific causes outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

12

The neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, disrupt the chicken sperm quality through calcium efflux DOI Creative Commons
Skarlet Napierkowska, Pascal Froment, Artur Kowalczyk

et al.

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(9), P. 103959 - 103959

Published: June 7, 2024

Imidacloprid (IMI), an insecticide from the neonicotinoid group widely used in agriculture, has drawn attention due to its potential harmful effects on non-target species, including bird populations. In present work, we investigated effect of IMI avian semen by vitro exposure rooster spermatozoa this pesticide. The was collected twice a week. Samples one day were pooled and incubated with following concentrations: 0 mM, 0.5 5 10 mM 50 at 36°C for 3 hours. Comprehensive analysis carried out after 1 hour hours incubation, evaluating sperm motility parameters CASA system using flow cytometry assess membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome chromatin structure, intracellular calcium level apoptosis markers such as: early caspase activation lipid peroxidation. results first experiment suggest that low concentrations have different compared higher concentrations. samples, also observed lower percentage cells high ions control, We concluded may act as blocker channels, preventing influx these into cell. To confirm mechanism, conducted second channel blockers: SNX 325, MRS-1845, Nifedipine. confirmed mechanism action largely relies blockade channels sperm. Blocking cell prevents formation Ca²⁺-dependent pores, thereby increase permeability, ultimately blocking peroxidation chicken spermatozoa.

Language: Английский

Citations

5

Male Reproductive Toxicity of Antifouling Chemicals: Insights into Oxidative Stress-Induced Infertility and Molecular Mechanisms of Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT) DOI Creative Commons
Mogellah John Panga, Ye Zhao

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 173 - 173

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Zinc pyrithione (ZPT), a widely utilized industrial chemical, is recognized for its versatile properties, including antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, and antifouling activities. Despite widespread use, recent research has shed light on toxicity, particularly towards the male reproductive system. While investigations into ZPT’s impact reproduction have been conducted, most of attention directed marine organisms. Notably, ZPT identified as catalyst oxidative stress, contributing to various indicators infertility, such reduced sperm count, impaired motility, diminished testosterone levels, apoptosis, degenerative changes in testicular tissue. Furthermore, discussions surrounding effects DNA cellular structures emerged. abundance information regarding molecular mechanisms underlying detrimental system remain poorly understood. This review focuses specifically ZPT, delving reported toxicity reproduction, while also addressing broader context by discussing other chemicals, emphasizing need further exploration mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

4