Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Polyphenols, naturally occurring phytonutrients found in plant-based foods, have attracted significant attention for their potential therapeutic effects neurological diseases and neuroinflammation. These compounds possess diverse neuroprotective capabilities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid properties, which contribute to mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Stroke, Huntington's (HD). Polyphenols been extensively studied ability regulate inflammatory responses by modulating activity pro-inflammatory genes influencing signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing neuroinflammation neuronal death. Additionally, polyphenols shown promise various cellular signaling pathways associated with viability, synaptic plasticity, cognitive function. Epidemiological clinical studies highlight polyphenol-rich diets decrease risk alleviate symptoms disorders Furthermore, demonstrated through regulation key Akt, Nrf2, STAT, MAPK, play critical roles neuroprotection body's immune response. This review emphasizes growing body evidence supporting combating neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, well enhancing brain health. Despite substantial promising hypotheses, further research investigations are necessary fully understand role establish them advanced targets age-related neuroinflammatory conditions.

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective Effect of Withaferin Derivatives toward MPP⁺ and 6-OHDA Toxicity to Dopaminergic Neurons

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 802 - 817

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative proteinopathy that primarily affects mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. This depletion can be phenotypically reproduced in various experimental models through the administration of two neurotoxins: N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The mechanisms underlying cell death processes induced by these toxins remain subject debate. In this context, studies suggest oxidative-stress-related may contribute to dysfunction Therefore, investigating pharmacological compounds counteract remains crucial for developing therapeutic strategies targeting neuropathological mechanisms. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as ashwagandha, plant whose roots are used Ayurvedic medicine treat ailments, including those affecting central nervous system. active compound Withaferin-A (WFA), steroid lactone from withanolide group, reported possess antioxidant properties. study, we explored potential neuroprotective effects WFA its molecular derivatives, cr-591 cr-777, which contain, respectively, an additional cysteine or glutathione chemical their antiradical We demonstrated protect integrity function neurons exposed neurotoxins MPP+ 6-OHDA both vitro, using primary neuron cultures rodents, vivo, nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Quercetin: From Chemistry and Mechanistic Insight to Nanoformulations

Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100217 - 100217

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The double-edged sword of nutraceuticals: comprehensive review of protective agents and their hidden risks

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 27, 2025

Nutraceuticals-including resveratrol (RSV), curcumin (CUR), piperine (PPR), and quercetin (QUE)-exhibit dual therapeutic toxicological profiles, are necessitating balanced risk–benefit evaluation. This review synthesizes evidence from about 120 preclinical/clinical studies sourced PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science using keywords (e.g., nutraceutical-drug interactions, bioavailability, CYP/P-gp modulation), prioritizing recent advances (2015–2024) alongside seminal works to contextualize mechanisms. Studies were selected based on methodological rigor, clinical relevance, mechanistic insights into protective effects (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer) risks (organ toxicity, pro-oxidant activity, drug interactions). Key findings highlight PPR’s bioavailability-enhancing neuroprotective properties, yet its inhibition CYP3A4/P-gp elevates toxicity for carbamazepine (68.7% ↑ plasma concentration) warfarin. CUR demonstrates hepatoprotective benefits but alters cardiovascular pharmacokinetics amlodipine) induces oxidative stress at high doses. RSV QUE improve cardiovascular/neurological outcomes interact with chemotherapeutics (RSV ↓ resistance via apoptosis; methotrexate efficacy anti-inflammatory synergy). Critical include reproductive (PPR >10 mg/kg), neurocognitive deficits (high-dose CUR), CYP3A4-mediated interactions (QUE + cyclosporine). Nanotechnology-driven formulations CUR/PPR nanoemulsions) mitigate by enhancing stability enabling targeted delivery, though rigorous safety validation remains essential. underscores the need evidence-based guidelines optimize nutraceutical use in polypharmacy populations, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration manage interactions. Innovations like nanoencapsulation could transition nutraceuticals supplements precision medicine adjuvants, pending resolution dose–response ambiguities long-term gaps through research.

Language: Английский

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Plant-derived compounds and neurodegenerative diseases: Different mechanisms of action with therapeutic potential

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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BCPT 2024 Prizes and Awards

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136(1)

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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