Curcumin, the golden nutraceutical: multitargeting for multiple chronic diseases

British Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 174(11), P. 1325 - 1348

Published: Sept. 17, 2016

Curcumin, a yellow pigment in the Indian spice Turmeric (Curcuma longa), which is chemically known as diferuloylmethane, was first isolated exactly two centuries ago 1815 by German Scientists, Vogel and Pelletier. However, according to pubmed database, study on its biological activity an antibacterial agent published 1949 Nature clinical trial reported The Lancet 1937. Although current database indicates almost 9000 publications curcumin, until 1990 there were less than 100 papers this nutraceutical. At molecular level, multitargeted has been shown exhibit anti-inflammatory through suppression of numerous cell signalling pathways including NF-κB, STAT3, Nrf2, ROS COX-2. Numerous studies have indicated that curcumin highly potent antimicrobial be active against various chronic diseases types cancers, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, compound also synergistic with other nutraceuticals such resveratrol, piperine, catechins, quercetin genistein. To date, over different trials completed clearly show safety, tolerability effectiveness humans. more populations are necessary prove potential This review's primary focus lessons learnt about from trials.

Language: Английский

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A Review of Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 1033 - 1033

Published: Feb. 27, 2019

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in world and one major public health problems. Despite great advances cancer therapy, incidence mortality rates remain high. Therefore, quest for more efficient less toxic treatment strategies still at forefront current research. Curcumin, active ingredient Curcuma longa plant, has received attention over past two decades as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer agent. In this review, a summary medicinal chemistry pharmacology curcumin its derivatives regard to activity, their main mechanisms action, cellular targets been provided based on literature data from experimental clinical evaluation cell lines, animal models, human subjects. addition, recent drug delivery systems cells have highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Curcumin: Biological, Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Analytical Aspects

Molecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 24(16), P. 2930 - 2930

Published: Aug. 13, 2019

Turmeric is a curry spice that originated from India, which has attracted great interest in recent decades because it contains bioactive curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin). Curcumin (1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione), lipophilic polyphenol may work as an anticancer, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging agent suggested by several vitro, vivo studies clinical trials. However, poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, pharmacokinetic profiles limit curcumin’s therapeutic usage. To address these issues, curcumin formulations have been developed. suboptimal sample preparation analysis methodologies often hamper the accurate evaluation of bioactivities their efficacy. This review summarizes research on biological, pharmaceutical, analytical aspects curcumin. Various formulation techniques corresponding trials outcomes are discussed. A detailed comparison different (ultrasonic, pressurized liquid extraction, microwave, reflux) (FT-IR, FT-NIR, FT-Raman, UV, NMR, HPTLC, HPLC, LC-MS/MS) used for extraction quantification matrices, presented. Application optimal preparation, chromatographic separation, detection will significantly improve assessment biological activities curcuminoids.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 33(9), P. 2221 - 2243

Published: July 29, 2019

This review gives an updated picture of each class phenolic compounds and their properties. The most common classification implies the subdivision phenolics in two main groups: flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, flavonones, isoflavones) non‐flavonoids acids, xanthones, stilbens, lignans, tannins) polyphenols. great interest polyphenols is associated with high potential application for food preservation therapeutic beneficial use. relationship between polyphenol intake human health has been exploited special reference to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cancer. use current existing databases bioactive including described as key tools research.

Language: Английский

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its major constituent (curcumin) as nontoxic and safe substances: Review

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 985 - 995

Published: Feb. 26, 2018

Curcumin is the major constituent of turmeric ( Curcuma longa ). Turmeric has been widely used as a spice in foods and for therapeutic applications such anti‐inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial activities. curcumin are nonmutagenic nongenotoxic. Oral use did not have reproductive toxicity animals at certain doses. Studies on human show toxic effects, was safe dose 6 g/day orally 4–7 weeks. However, some adverse effects gastrointestinal upsets may occur. Moreover, oral bioavailable formulations were 500 mg two times day 30 days, but there still few trials more studies needed specially nanoformulations it should be discussed separate article. In addition, known generally recognized substance. This review discusses safety medicine. nontoxic especially administration. also animals. They pregnancy needed.

Language: Английский

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in prevention and treatment of disease

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60(6), P. 887 - 939

Published: Jan. 11, 2019

Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound present in rhizome of Curcuma longa belonging to the family zingiberaceae. Growing experimental evidence revealed that curcumin exhibit multitarget biological implications signifying its crucial role health and disease. The current review highlights recent progress mechanisms underlying wide range pharmacological effects against numerous diseases like neuronal, cardiovascular, metabolic, kidney, endocrine, skin, respiratory, infectious, gastrointestinal cancer. ability modulate functions multiple signal transductions are linked with attenuation acute chronic diseases. Numerous preclinical clinical studies have modulates several molecules cell transduction pathway including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, ERK5, AP-1, TGF-β, Wnt, β-catenin, Shh, PAK1, Rac1, STAT3, PPARγ, EBPα, NLRP3 inflammasome, p38MAPK, Nrf2, Notch-1, AMPK, TLR-4 MyD-88. has potential prevent and/or manage various due anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant anti-apoptotic properties an excellent safety profile. In contrast, anti-cancer reflected induction growth arrest apoptosis premalignant malignant cells. This also carefully emphasized pharmacokinetics interaction other drugs. Clinical shown safe at doses 12 g/day but exhibits poor systemic bioavailability. use adjuvant piperine, liposomal curcumin, nanoparticles phospholipid complex enhanced bioavailability therapeutic potential. Further warranted prove ailments.

Language: Английский

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Immune modulation by curcumin: The role of interleukin-10

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 59(1), P. 89 - 101

Published: Aug. 11, 2017

Cytokines are small secreted proteins released by different types of cells with specific effects on cellular signaling and communication via binding to their receptors the cell surface. IL-10 is known be a pleiotropic potent anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive cytokine that produced both innate adaptive immunity including dendritic cells, macrophages, mast natural killer eosinophils, neutrophils, B CD8+ T TH1, TH2, TH17 regulatory cells. Both direct indirect activation stress axis promotes secretion. deregulation plays role in development large number inflammatory diseases such as neuropathic pain, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, bowel allergy. Curcumin compound able induce expression production enhancing its action tissues. In vitro pre-clinical models curcumin modulate disease pathophysiology conditions pain neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, allergy, but also infections cancer through effect humans, at least one part positive health could related ability enhance -mediated effects.

Language: Английский

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Curcumin and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevention and Treatment

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1837 - 1837

Published: Aug. 8, 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ensemble of metabolic diseases that has reached pandemic dimensions all over the world. The multifactorial nature pathology makes patient management, which includes lifelong drug therapy and lifestyle modification, extremely challenging. It well known T2DM a preventable disease, therefore lowering incidence new cases could be key strategy to reduce global impact diabetes. Currently, there growing evidence on efficacy use medicinal plants supplements for prevention management. Among these plants, curcumin gaining interest in scientific community. Curcumin bioactive molecule present rhizome Curcuma longa plant, also as turmeric. different pharmacological biological effects have been described by both vitro vivo studies, include antioxidant, cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, nephro-protective, anti-neoplastic, hepato-protective, immunomodulatory, hypoglycaemic anti-rheumatic effects. In animal models, extract delays development, improves β-cell functions, prevents death, decreases insulin resistance. review focuses pre-clinical clinical trials supplementation discusses peculiar mechanisms might ameliorate

Language: Английский

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Curcumin as a functional food-derived factor: degradation products, metabolites, bioactivity, and future perspectives

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 705 - 714

Published: Nov. 23, 2017

Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric (Curcuma longa), used as spice, food coloring, and traditional herbal medicine. It has been shown that curcumin health benefits such antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer properties, improvement of brain function, control obesity diabetes. However, native easily degrades low oral bioavailability, recent report expressed doubt about curcumin's various effects. To overcome its formulations with enhanced bioavailability are currently being developed. This review discusses the chemistry, metabolism, absorption curcumin, to which reported have ascribed, well degradation products metabolites their possible functions. Moreover, research trend towards obesity- diabetes-preventing/suppressing aspects latest case studies on highly water-dispersible bioavailable will be discussed. We summarize challenges concerning follows: clarifying relationship between formation curcumin-derived oxidation metabolites, determining whether itself or other components responsible for effects, conducting further human trials multiple groups employ same samples conditions. High-bioavailability would useful future studies.

Language: Английский

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Protective Effects of Indian Spice Curcumin Against Amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 843 - 866

Published: Jan. 9, 2018

The purpose of our article is to assess the current understanding Indian spice, curcumin, against amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Natural products, such as ginger, and gingko biloba have been used diets dietary supplements treat human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndromes, neurological disorders. Products derived from plants are known protective effects, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-arthritis, pro-healing, boosting memory cognitive functions. In last decade, several groups designed synthesized curcumin its derivatives extensively tested using cell mouse models AD. Recent research on Aβ has revealed that prevents aggregation crosses blood-brain barrier, reach brain cells, protect neurons various toxic insults aging humans. also reported ameliorates decline improves synaptic functions Further, recent initiated studies elderly individuals patients with AD outcome these currently being assessed. This highlights beneficial effects critically assesses limitations curcumin’s bioavailability urgent need for new formulations increase levels

Language: Английский

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