Trends in use, pharmacology, and clinical applications of emerging herbal nutraceuticals

British Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 177(6), P. 1227 - 1240

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

The nutraceuticals market is vast, encompassing many different products with inconsistent levels of evidence available to support their use. This overview represents a Western perspective the market, brief comparison that in China, as an illustration how individual health supplements increase and decrease popularity regional terms. Recent changes sales patterns, mainly taken from US are summarized selection five newer products, which have not been subject extensive recent review profiled: astaxanthin, carotenoid found red algae, seafood, salmon trout, antioxidant; cannabidiol, non-euphoric marijuana ingredient used mood enhancer for painful/inflammatory conditions; modified extracts ginseng new indications including dementia space travel; monk fruit, non-sugar high intensity sweetener nigella seed, popular food Asian medicine, has experienced extraordinary rise recently. LINKED ARTICLES: article part themed section on Pharmacology Nutraceuticals. To view other articles this visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.

Language: Английский

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Cannabidiol Users

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 152 - 161

Published: July 1, 2018

Introduction: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that cannabidiol (CBD) found in Cannabis spp. has broad therapeutic value. CBD products can currently be purchased online, over the counter at Cannabis-specific dispensaries throughout most of country, despite fact is generally deemed a Schedule I controlled substance by U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration renounced as dietary supplement ingredient Food Administration. Consumer demand for high growing, but few have examined reasons increasing use. Materials Methods: A self-selected convenience sample (n = 2409) was recruited via an online survey designed to characterize whom, how, why individuals are using CBD. The anonymous questionnaire accessed from October 25, 2017 January 2018. Participants were through social media. Results: Almost 62% users reported treat medical condition. top three conditions pain, anxiety, depression. 36% respondents treats their condition(s) "very well itself," while only 4.3% "not very well." One out every nonserious adverse effect. odds condition 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.79) times greater among nonregular than regular users. Conclusion: Consumers specific therapy multiple diverse conditions-particularly depression, sleep disorders. These data provide compelling rationale further research better understand potential

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol: pharmacology and therapeutic targets

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 238(1), P. 9 - 28

Published: Nov. 21, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and pain: a review of preclinical studies

Pain, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 162(1), P. S5 - S25

Published: March 15, 2021

This narrative review represents an output from the International Association for Study of Pain's global task force on use cannabis, cannabinoids, and cannabis-based medicines pain management, informed by our companion systematic meta-analysis preclinical studies in this area. Our aims are (1) to describe value studying cannabinoids endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system modulators preclinical/animal models pain; (2) discuss both pain-related efficacy additional pain-relevant effects (adverse beneficial) endocannabinoid as they pertain animal pathological or injury-related persistent (3) identify important directions future research. In service these goals, provides overview pharmacology modulators, with specific relevance describes pharmacokinetics rodents humans; highlights differences discrepancies between clinical Preclinical (rodent) have advanced understanding underlying sites mechanisms action suppressing nociceptive signaling behaviors. We conclude that substantial evidence supports contention hold considerable promise analgesic drug development, although challenge translating knowledge into clinically useful is not be underestimated.

Language: Английский

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The Polypharmacological Effects of Cannabidiol

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 3271 - 3271

Published: April 6, 2023

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major phytocannabinoid present in Cannabis sativa (Linneo, 1753). This naturally occurring secondary metabolite does not induce intoxication or exhibit the characteristic profile of drugs abuse from cannabis like Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) does. In contrast to ∆9-THC, our knowledge neuro-molecular mechanisms CBD limited, and its pharmacology, which appears be complex, has yet been fully elucidated. The study pharmacological effects grown exponentially recent years, making it necessary generate frequently updated reports on this important metabolite. article, rationalized integration action molecular targets implications animal models human diseases, such as epilepsy, pain, neuropsychiatric disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory are presented. We identify around 56 different for CBD, including enzymes ion channels/metabotropic receptors involved neurologic conditions. Herein, we compiled found scientific literature multiple actions CBD. vitro vivo findings essential understanding polypharmacological nature natural product.

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol as a Promising Strategy to Treat and Prevent Movement Disorders?

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 11, 2018

Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease and dyskinesia are highly debilitating conditions linked to oxidative stress neurodegeneration. When available, the pharmacological therapies for these still mainly symptomatic, do not benefit all patients induce severe side effects. Cannabidiol is a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa that presents antipsychotic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective Although studies investigate effects of this on movement surprisingly few, cannabidiol emerges promising treat and/or prevent them. Here, we review clinical pre-clinical draw attention potential in field.

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol (CBD) use in psychiatric disorders: A systematic review

NeuroToxicology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 282 - 298

Published: Aug. 11, 2019

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol regulation of emotion and emotional memory processing: relevance for treating anxiety‐related and substance abuse disorders

British Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 174(19), P. 3242 - 3256

Published: March 8, 2017

Learning to associate cues or contexts with potential threats rewards is adaptive and enhances survival. Both aversive appetitive memories are therefore powerful drivers of behaviour, but the inappropriate expression conditioned responding fear‐ drug‐related stimuli can develop into anxiety‐related substance abuse disorders respectively. These associated abnormally persistent emotional inadequate treatment, often leading symptom relapse. Studies show that cannabidiol, main non‐psychotomimetic phytocannabinoid found in Cannabis sativa , reduces anxiety via 5‐HT 1A (indirect) cannabinoid receptor activation paradigms assessing innate responses threat. There also accumulating evidence from animal studies investigating effects cannabidiol on fear memory processing indicating it learned translationally relevant phobias post‐traumatic stress disorder. Cannabidiol does so by reducing acutely disrupting reconsolidation enhancing extinction, both which result a lasting reduction fear. Recent have begun elucidate drug using translational relevance addiction. The findings suggest their reconsolidation. Here, we review literature demonstrating anxiolytic before focusing its various processes. Understanding how regulates emotion may eventually lead use as treatment for disorders. Linked Articles This article part themed section Pharmacology Cognition: Panacea Neuropsychiatric Disease? To view other articles this visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.19/issuetoc

Language: Английский

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Use of Medicinal Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Systematic Review

Medicina, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 55(9), P. 525 - 525

Published: Aug. 23, 2019

Background and Objectives: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric resulting from traumatic event, manifested through hyperarousal, anxiety, depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances. Despite several therapeutic approaches being available, both pharmacological psychological, recently growing interest has developed in using cannabis synthetic cannabinoids stems their consideration as more efficient better tolerated alternatives for the treatment of this condition. The present paper aims to evaluate clinical potentials medical treating PTSD patients. Methods: A systematic electronic search was performed, including all papers published up May 2019, following keywords (((cannabis[Title/Abstract]) OR (synthetic [Title/Abstract])) AND ((PTSD[Title/Abstract]) (Posttraumatic disorder[Title/Abstract]))) topics ‘Cannabis’, ‘Synthetic Cannabinoids’, ‘PTSD’, MESH terms, on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web Science online databases. For data gathering purposes, PRISMA guidelines were followed. Results organized into two groups, considering different PTSD. Results: Present show that cannabinoids, acting endocannabinoids system, may have potential use improving e.g., reducing modulating memory-related processes, sleep. Conclusions: Even though current literature suggests role PTSD, there currently limited evidence regarding safety efficacy. Therefore, additional research needed order understand effectiveness usage these drug classes monitor safety.

Language: Английский

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The Endocannabinoid System and Cannabidiol's Promise for the Treatment of Substance Use Disorder

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 19, 2019

Substance use disorder is characterised by repeated of a substance, leading to clinically significant distress, making it serious public health concern. The endocannabinoid system plays an important role in common neurobiological processes underlying substance disorder, particular mediating the rewarding and motivational effects substances substance-related cues. In turn, number cannabinoid drugs (e.g. rimonobant, nabiximol) have been suggested for potential pharmacological treatment dependence. Recently, cannabidiol (CBD), nonpsychoactive phytocannabinoid found cannabis plant, has also proposed as potentially effective management disorder. Animal human studies suggest that these cannabinoids reduce craving relapse abstinent users, impairing reconsolidation drug-reward memory, salience drug cues, inhibiting reward-facilitating effect drugs. Such functions likely arise through targeting serotoninergic systems, although exact mechanism yet be elucidated. This article seeks review action supporting drugs' therapeutic addictions, with focus on CBD. Subsequently, this will evaluate evidence CBD across range including nicotine, alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids, cannabis. While early research supports CBD's promise, further investigation validation efficacy, preclinical clinical trials necessary.

Language: Английский

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