Marine Reserve Targets to Sustain and Rebuild Unregulated Fisheries DOI Creative Commons
Nils C. Krueck, Gabby N. Ahmadia, Hugh P. Possingham

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. e2000537 - e2000537

Published: Jan. 5, 2017

Overfishing threatens the sustainability of coastal marine biodiversity, especially in tropical developing countries. To counter this problem, about 200 governments worldwide have committed to protecting 10%–20% national areas. However, associated impacts on fisheries productivity are unclear and could weaken food security hundreds millions people who depend diverse largely unregulated fishing activities. Here, we present a systematic theoretic analysis ability reserves rebuild under such complex conditions, identify maximum reserve coverages for biodiversity conservation that do not impair long-term productivity. Our assumes fishers no viable alternative fishing, total effort remains constant (at best). We find realistic networks, which protect 10%–30% fished habitats 1–20 km wide reserves, should benefit almost any fishery. discover “rule thumb” safeguard against catch depletion particular species: individual export 30% or more locally produced larvae adjacent grounds. Specifically coral reefs, where tend overexploit species whose dispersal distances as exceed home ranges adults, decisions size needed meet larval rule unlikely compromise protection resident adults. Even achieving modest Aichi Target 11 10% “effective protection” can then help depleted catch. strictly 20%–30% is diminish even if overfishing yet problem while providing greater potential fishery rebuilding substantial. These findings important because they suggest doubling tripling only globally enforced target will higher both most urgently needed.

Language: Английский

Marine reserves lag behind wilderness in the conservation of key functional roles DOI Creative Commons
Stéphanie D’Agata, David Mouillot, Laurent Wantiez

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 29, 2016

Abstract Although marine reserves represent one of the most effective management responses to human impacts, their capacity sustain same diversity species, functional roles and biomass reef fishes as wilderness areas remains questionable, in particular regions with deep long-lasting footprints. Here we show that fish top predators are significantly higher on coral reefs located at more than 20 h travel time from main market compared even oldest (38 years old), largest (17,500 ha) restrictive (no entry) reserve New Caledonia (South-Western Pacific). We further demonstrate support unique ecological values no equivalency gets closer humans, large well-managed reserves. Wilderness may therefore serve benchmarks for effectiveness act last refuges vulnerable roles.

Language: Английский

Citations

103
Levels and drivers of fishers’ compliance with marine protected areas DOI Creative Commons

Adrian Arias,

Joshua E. Cinner, Rhondda Jones

et al.

Ecology and Society, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 20(4)

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Arias, A., J. E. Cinner, R. Jones, and L. Pressey. 2015. Levels drivers of fishers’ compliance with marine protected areas. Ecology Society 20(4):19.http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-07999-200419

Language: Английский

Citations

102
The “Nemo Effect”: Perception and reality of Finding Nemo's impact on marine aquarium fisheries DOI
Thane A. Militz, Simon Foale

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 596 - 606

Published: Jan. 24, 2017

Abstract Global audiences are increasingly being exposed to digital media with fictitious storylines that draw on animal characters involuntarily entering wildlife trades . An understudied problem in trade is the potential for motion pictures influence their audience's desire become more acquainted, often via acquisition, animals portrayed films. The 2003 Disney picture Finding Nemo connected a already commonplace: marine aquarium trade. In this trade, fisheries supply live coral reef organisms millions of public and private aquaria worldwide. Here, we examine perception reality 's impact (coined “Nemo Effect”) species complex representing film's primary protagonist “Nemo” ( Amphiprion ocellaris/percula ). Import export figures show little evidence fan‐based purchases wild‐caught fish immediately (within 1.5 years release) following film. We argue perceived these species, driven by popular an emotive but scientifically uninformed approach conserving ecosystems, can be damaging cause conservation than helpful. This perspective intended encourage stakeholders consider ecological social repercussions both consumption opposition Using lessons learned from , discuss likely impacts sequel, Dory will have wild populations its “Dory” Paracanthurus hepatus

Language: Английский

Citations

102
A blueprint for securing Brazil's marine biodiversity and supporting the achievement of global conservation goals DOI Creative Commons
Rafael A. Magris, Micheli Duarte de Paula Costa, Carlos E. L. Ferreira

et al.

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 198 - 215

Published: Nov. 1, 2020

Abstract Aim As a step towards providing support for an ecological approach to strengthening marine protected areas (MPAs) and meeting international commitments, this study combines cumulative impact assessment conservation planning undertake large‐scale spatial prioritization. Location Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Brazil, Southwest Atlantic Ocean. Methods We developed prioritization protecting different habitat types, threatened species ranges connectivity, while also mitigating the impacts multiple threats on biodiversity. When identifying priorities conservation, we accounted co‐occurrence 24 human distribution 161 habitats 143 species, as well their associated vulnerabilities. Additionally, compared our with MPAs proposed by local stakeholders. Results show that are widespread identify hot spots inshore offshore areas. Industrial fisheries, climate change land‐based activities were most severe The highest mostly found coast due high in nearshore expected, systematic showed better performance selecting priority sites when stakeholders without typical exercise, increasing existing coverage only 7.9%. However, still provide some opportunities protect facing levels threats. Main conclusions presents blueprint how embrace comprehensive strategic conservation. advocate these crucial from degradation emerging efforts is key maintain biodiversity value.

Language: Английский

Citations

100
Thermal stress induces persistently altered coral reef fish assemblages DOI
James P. W. Robinson, Shaun K. Wilson, Simon Jennings

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 2739 - 2750

Published: June 18, 2019

Abstract Ecological communities are reorganizing in response to warming temperatures. For continuous ocean habitats this reorganization is characterized by large‐scale species redistribution, but for tropical discontinuous such as coral reefs, spatial isolation coupled with strong habitat dependence of fish imply that turnover and local extinctions more significant mechanisms. In these systems, transient marine heatwaves causing bleaching profoundly altering structure, yet despite severe events becoming frequent projections indicating annual the 2050s at most long‐term effects on diversity structure assemblages remain unclear. Using a 23‐year time series spanning thermal stress event, we describe model structural changes recovery trajectories after mass bleaching. Communities changed fundamentally, new emergent dominated herbivores persisting >15 years, period exceeding realized projected intervals between reefs. Reefs which shifted macroalgal states had lowest richness highest compositional dissimilarity, whereas reefs where live recovered exceeded prebleaching richness, remained dissimilar compositions. Given frequencies events, our results show historically associated will not re‐establish, requiring substantial adaptation managers resource users.

Language: Английский

Citations

96
No Reef Is an Island: Integrating Coral Reef Connectivity Data into the Design of Regional-Scale Marine Protected Area Networks DOI Creative Commons
Steven R. Schill, George T. Raber,

Jason J. Roberts

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. e0144199 - e0144199

Published: Dec. 7, 2015

We integrated coral reef connectivity data for the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico into a conservation decision-making framework designing regional scale marine protected area (MPA) network that provides insight ecological political contexts. used an ocean circulation model to simulate eight spawning events from 2008–2011, applying maximum 30-day pelagic larval duration 20% mortality rate. Coral dispersal patterns were analyzed between reefs across jurisdictional zones identify spatial relationships sources destinations within countries territories region. applied our results in Marxan, planning software tool, MPA design meets goals, minimizes underlying threats, maintains connectivity. Our suggest approximately 77% identified as having high value are not included existing network. This research is unique because we quantify report by ecoregions Exclusive Economic Zones (EZZ) use this information gaps current Caribbean-wide integrating asymmetric Marxan includes important connections. The identification metrics guides selection priority areas supports resilience at whole system level future.

Language: Английский

Citations

95
Challenges for Restoration of Coastal Marine Ecosystems in the Anthropocene DOI Creative Commons
Avigdor Abelson, Daniel C. Reed, Graham J. Edgar

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Coastal marine ecosystems provide critical goods and services to humanity but many are experiencing rapid degradation. The need for effective restoration tools capable of promoting recovery coastal remediating their valued has never been greater. We identify four major challenges the future development implementation ecosystem (MER): (1) Development more effective, scalable tools, (2) adaptation cope with climate change global stressors, (3) integration social ecological priorities, (4) promotion perception use MER as a scientifically-credible management approach. Tackling these should improve success rates, heighten recognition, accelerate investment in MER. Here, reverse currently accelerating decline ecosystems, we discuss potential directions meeting by applying that science-based actionable. For have impact, it must incorporate science, technological conceptual advances, plan climates.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Incorporating larval dispersal intoMPAdesign for both conservation and fisheries DOI
Nils C. Krueck, Gabby N. Ahmadia, Alison Green

et al.

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 925 - 941

Published: Dec. 31, 2016

Larval dispersal by ocean currents is a critical component of systematic marine protected area (MPA) design. However, there lack quantitative methods to incorporate larval in support increasingly diverse management objectives, including local population persistence under multiple types threats (primarily focused on retention within and between locations) benefits unprotected populations fisheries export from locations fishing grounds). Here, we present flexible MPA design approach that can reconcile such potentially conflicting objectives balancing various associated treatments information. We demonstrate our based alternative patterns, combinations populations, two different optimization strategies (site vs. network-based). Our outcomes highlight consistently high effectiveness selecting priority are self-replenishing, inter-connected, and/or important sources. find the opportunity balance these three attributes flexibly help not only prevent meta-population collapse, but also ensure effective recovery, with average increases number recruits at grounds least times higher than achieved standard habitat-based or ad-hoc designs. Future applications should therefore be encouraged, specifically where tools other MPAs feasible.

Language: Английский

Citations

87
The distribution of deep-sea sponge aggregations in the North Atlantic and implications for their effective spatial management DOI
Kerry L. Howell, Nils Piechaud, Anna‐Leena Downie

et al.

Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 309 - 320

Published: July 17, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

86
A review of a decade of lessons from one of the world’s largest MPAs: conservation gains and key challenges DOI
Graeme C. Hays, Heather J. Koldewey, Samantha Andrzejaczek

et al.

Marine Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 167(11)

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

77