Direct and indirect effects of chemical contaminants on the behaviour, ecology and evolution of wildlife

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 285(1885), P. 20181297 - 20181297

Published: Aug. 22, 2018

Chemical contaminants (e.g. metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals) are changing ecosystems via effects on wildlife. Indeed, recent work explicitly performed under environmentally realistic conditions reveals that chemical can have both direct and indirect at multiple levels of organization by influencing animal behaviour. Altered behaviour reflects physiological changes links individual- to population-level processes, thereby representing a sensitive tool for holistically assessing impacts relevant contaminant concentrations. Here, we show even if behavioural responses reasonably well documented, there significant knowledge gaps in understanding the plasticity (i.e. individual variation) evolution contaminant-induced changes. We explore implications multi-level processes developing conceptual framework integrates contexts. Our illustrates how sublethal be negative positive, varying dynamically within same individuals populations. This is because linkages communities will act indirectly alter magnify effects. Given increasing pressure wildlife from pollution, argue need incorporate existing ecology improve ecological hazard risk assessments.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota of aquatic organisms: A key endpoint for ecotoxicological studies

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 989 - 999

Published: March 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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Critical review: Grand challenges in assessing the adverse effects of contaminants of emerging concern on aquatic food webs

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 46 - 60

Published: Oct. 8, 2018

Much progress has been made in the past few decades understanding sources, transport, fate, and biological effects of contaminants emerging concern (CECs) aquatic ecosystems. Despite these advancements, significant obstacles still prevent comprehensive assessments environmental risks associated with presence CECs. Many center around extrapolation single chemicals observed laboratory or found individual organisms species field to impacts multiple stressors on food webs. In present review, we identify 5 challenges that must be addressed promote studies CECs from singular exposure events multispecies web interactions. There needs be: 1) more detailed information complexity mixtures environment, 2) a greater sublethal wide range organisms, 3) an ascertaining consequences variable duration CEC exposures within across generations species, 4) linkage systems, 5) documenting trophic We examine current literature show how can fill knowledge gaps. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:46-60. © 2018 SETAC.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems: Moving beyond the state of the art to minimize the risk of ecological surprise

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(17), P. 3969 - 3986

Published: May 27, 2021

Microplastic (plastic particles measuring <5mm) pollution is ubiquitous. Unlike in other well-studied ecosystems, for example, marine and freshwater environments, microplastics terrestrial systems are relatively understudied. Their potential impacts on particular the risk of causing ecological surprise, must be better understood quantified. Ecological surprise occurs when ecosystem behavior deviates radically from expectations generally has negative consequences services. The properties within environments may increase their likelihood surprises as they (a) highly persistent global pollutants that will last centuries, (b) can interact with abiotic environment a complex manner, (c) impact organisms directly or indirectly (d) contaminants facilitate transport. Here, we compiled findings previous research environments. We systematically focused studies addressing different facets related to distribution, dispersion, soil characteristics functions, levels biological organization tested biota (single species vs. assemblages), scale experimental study corresponding ecotoxicological effects. Our systematic assessment microplastic revealed most have been conducted single under laboratory conditions short-term exposures; few were more realistic long-term field and/or multi-species assemblages. Studies targeting assemblages primarily considered bacterial communities showed alter essential nutrient cycling functions. More ecologically meaningful encompassing assemblages, critical processes (e.g., biogeochemical cycles pollination) interactions anthropogenic stressors conducted. Addressing these knowledge gaps provide understanding emerging should lower ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Food web transfer of plastics to an apex riverine predator

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3846 - 3857

Published: May 22, 2020

Abstract As a rapidly accelerating expression of global change, plastics now occur extensively in freshwater ecosystems, yet there is barely any evidence their transfer through food webs. Following previous observations that widely prey, we used field study free‐living Eurasian dippers ( Cinclus cinclus ), to test the hypotheses (1) are transferred from prey predators rivers, (2) contained by adults altricial offspring during provisioning and (3) plastic concentrations faecal regurgitated pellets increase with urbanization. Plastic occurred 50% regurgitates n = 74) 45% samples 92) collected non‐invasively adult nestling at 15 sites across South Wales (UK). Over 95% particles were fibres, increased urban land cover. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified multiple polymers, including polyester, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride vinyl copolymers. Although characterized uncertainty, steady‐state models using energetic data along concentration excreta suggest around 200 ingested daily dippers, but also excreted rates transitory throughput. some first revealing being webs, between passerines offspring, these emphasize need appraise potential ecotoxicological consequences increasing pollution.

Language: Английский

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Animals’ mobilities

Progress in Human Geography, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 4 - 26

Published: Dec. 12, 2018

This paper draws together animal and mobility studies to develop the concept of animals’ mobilities. It identifies parallel intellectual interests in these fields that provide foundations for this synthesis, (over movement), affect, relational space, ordering practices. explores what configures an animal’s mobility, knowledge practices researching evoking mobilities, how mobilities are governed. The conclusion highlights gain from empirical, political conceptual contributions makes geographical research. argument is illustrated with examples large, terrestrial mammals, especially bears.

Language: Английский

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Global variation in freshwater physico‐chemistry and its influence on chemical toxicity in aquatic wildlife

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 1528 - 1546

Published: May 4, 2021

Chemical pollution is one of the major threats to global freshwater biodiversity and will be exacerbated through changes in temperature rainfall patterns, acid-base chemistry, reduced availability due climate change. In this review we show how physico-chemical features natural fresh waters, including pH, temperature, oxygen, carbon dioxide, divalent cations, anions, carbonate alkalinity, salinity dissolved organic matter, can affect environmental risk aquatic wildlife pollutant chemicals. We evidence these physico-chemistry directly and/or indirectly solubility, speciation, bioavailability uptake chemicals [including via alterations trans-epithelial electric potential (TEP) across gills or skin] as well internal physiology/biochemistry organisms, hence ultimately toxicity. also toxicity vary with species ontogeny. use a new database chemistry (GLORICH) demonstrate huge variability (often >1000-fold) for variables their importance ecotoxicology. emphasise that better understanding chemical more accurate assessment requires greater consideration water which organisms seek protect live.

Language: Английский

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Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) originating from landfills in Canada and the United States: A rapid scoping review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 924, P. 171490 - 171490

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Transfer and bioaccumulation of pesticides in terrestrial arthropods and food webs: State of knowledge and perspectives for research

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 357, P. 142036 - 142036

Published: April 12, 2024

Arthropods represent an entry point for pesticide transfers in terrestrial food webs, and accumulation upper chain organisms, such as predators can have cascading consequences on ecosystems. However, the mechanisms driving transfer bioaccumulation webs remain poorly understood. Here we review literature mediated by arthropods webs. The of pesticides their potential biomagnification are related to chemical properties toxicokinetic substances, resistance detoxification abilities contaminated well effects organisms' life history traits. We further identify four critical areas which knowledge gain would improve future predictions impacts First, efforts should be made regarding co-formulants mixtures that currently understudied. Second, progress sensitivity analytical methods allow detection low concentrations small individual arthropods. Quantifying preys, predators, or vertebrates at higher trophic level bring crucial insights into real-world Finally, quantifying influence structure complexity communities could address several important sources variability across species This narrative will inspire studies aiming quantify better capture ecological natural cultivated landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Eight urgent, fundamental and simultaneous steps needed to restore ocean health, and the consequences for humanity and the planet of inaction or delay

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 194 - 208

Published: July 23, 2019

Abstract The ocean crisis is urgent and central to human wellbeing life on Earth; past current activities are damaging the planet's main support system for future generations. We witnessing an increase in heat, disturbance, acidification, bio‐invasions nutrients, reducing oxygen levels. Several of these act like ratchets: once detrimental or negative changes have occurred, they may lock place not be reversible, especially at gross ecological process scales. Each change represent a loss humanity resources, ecosystem function, production species. longer we pursue unsuitable actions, more close path recovery better health greater benefits future. stand critical juncture identified eight priority issues that need addressed unison help avert potential disaster global ocean. They form purposely ambitious agenda governance aimed informing decision‐makers high level. should also interest general public. Of all themes, highest rigorously address warming limit surface temperature rise 1.5°C by 2100, as pre‐eminent factor driving other themes establishing robust comprehensive High Seas Treaty, enforcing existing standards Marine Protected Areas expanding their coverage, terms levels protection, adopting precautionary pause deep‐sea mining, ending overfishing destructive fishing practices, radically marine pollution, putting financing mechanism management lastly, scaling up science/data gathering facilitating data sharing. By implementing measures unison, coordinated strategy, can build resilience climate change, sustain fisheries productivity, particularly low‐income countries dependent fisheries, protect coasts (e.g. via soft‐engineering/habitat‐based approaches), promote mitigation carbon storage) enable improved adaptation rapid change.

Language: Английский

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