Persistence of soil organic carbon caused by functional complexity

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 529 - 534

Published: July 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Positive but variable effects of crop diversification on biodiversity and ecosystem services

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(19), P. 4697 - 4710

Published: June 11, 2021

Abstract Ecological theory suggests that biodiversity has a positive and stabilizing effect on the delivery of ecosystem services. Yet, impacts increasing diversity cultivated crop species or varieties in agroecosystems are still under scrutiny. The available empirical evidence is scattered scope, agronomic geographic contexts, services may depend type diversification strategy used. To robustly assess effects agroecosystems, we compiled results 95 meta‐analyses integrating 5156 experiments conducted over 84 experimental years representing more than 54,500 paired observations 120 85 countries. Overall, our synthesis data from across globe shows enhances not only production (median +14%) but also associated (+24%, i.e., non‐cultivated plants animals), several supporting regulating including water quality (+51%), pest disease control (+63%) soil (+11%). However, there was substantial variability for each individual service between different strategies such as agroforestry, intercropping, cover crops, rotation variety mixtures. Agroforestry particularly effective delivering multiple services, is, regulation quality, diseases regulation, biodiversity, long‐term productivity quality. Variety mixtures, instead, provide lowest benefits, whereas other show intermediate results. Our highlight while represents very promising sustainable land management, contributing to enhanced yields, some others key

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen fertilization weakens the linkage between soil carbon and microbial diversity: A global meta‐analysis

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(21), P. 6446 - 6461

Published: July 29, 2022

Abstract Soil microbes make up a significant portion of the genetic diversity and play critical role in belowground carbon (C) cycling terrestrial ecosystems. microbial organic C are often tightly coupled processes; however, this coupling can be weakened or broken by rapid global change. A meta‐analysis was performed with 1148 paired comparisons extracted from 229 articles published between January 1998 December 2021 to determine how nitrogen (N) fertilization affects relationship soil content We found that N decreased bacterial (−11%) fungal (−17%), but increased (SOC) (+19%), biomass (MBC) (+17%), dissolved (DOC) (+25%) across different Organic (urea) had greater effect on SOC, MBC, DOC, than inorganic fertilization. Most importantly, increasing absolute values correlation coefficients rate duration, suggesting linkage diversity. The might negatively impact essential ecosystem services under high rates fertilization; understanding is important for mitigating negative enrichment cycling.

Language: Английский

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Regenerative Agriculture—A Literature Review on the Practices and Mechanisms Used to Improve Soil Health

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 2338 - 2338

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Conventional farming practices can lead to soil degradation and a decline in productivity. Regenerative agriculture (RA) is purported by advocates as solution these issues that focuses on health carbon sequestration. The fundamental principles of RA are keep the covered, minimise disturbance, preserve living roots year round, increase species diversity, integrate livestock, limit or eliminate use synthetic compounds (such herbicides fertilisers). overall objectives rejuvenate land provide environmental, economic, social benefits wider community. Despite RA, vast majority growers reluctant adopt due lack empirical evidence claimed profitability. We examined reported mechanisms associated with against available scientific data. literature suggests agricultural such minimum tillage, residue retention, cover cropping improve carbon, crop yield, certain climatic zones types. Excessive chemicals biodiversity loss ecosystem degradation. Combining livestock agroforestry same landscape several co-benefits. However, vary among different agroecosystems may not necessarily be applicable across multiple agroecological regions. Our recommendation implement rigorous long-term system trials compare conventional order build knowledge regional scales. This will policy-makers an base from which make informed decisions about adopting realise their economic achieve resilience climate change.

Language: Английский

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Plant mixture balances terrestrial ecosystem C:N:P stoichiometry

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract Plant and soil C:N:P ratios are of critical importance to productivity, food-web dynamics, nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. diversity continues decline globally; however, its influence on remains uncertain. By conducting a global meta-analysis 2049 paired observations plant species mixtures monocultures from 169 sites, we show that, average across all observations, the plants, soils, microbial biomass enzymes did not respond mixture nor richness mixtures. However, effect C:N changed positive negative, those enzyme C:P shifted negative with increasing functional Importantly, increased C:N, C:P, N:P plants soils when background were low, but decreased them respective high. Our results demonstrate that can balance dependent C:N:P. findings highlight conservation does only increase also optimizes ecosystem stoichiometry for productivity today’s future vegetation.

Language: Английский

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Tree diversity increases decadal forest soil carbon and nitrogen accrual

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 618(7963), P. 94 - 101

Published: April 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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Meta-analysis shows that plant mixtures increase soil phosphorus availability and plant productivity in diverse ecosystems

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. 1112 - 1121

Published: June 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Belowground processes and sustainability in agroecosystems with intercropping

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 476(1-2), P. 263 - 288

Published: May 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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The positive effect of plant diversity on soil carbon depends on climate

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Abstract Little is currently known about how climate modulates the relationship between plant diversity and soil organic carbon mechanisms involved. Yet, this knowledge of crucial importance in times change biodiversity loss. Here, we show that positively correlated with content carbon-to-nitrogen ratio across 84 grasslands on six continents span wide gradients. The relationships as well matter quality (carbon-to-nitrogen ratio) are particularly strong warm arid climates. While biomass carbon, not significantly diversity. Our results indicate influences storage via quantity (plant biomass) inputs to soil, but through matter. study implies ecosystem management restores likely enhances sequestration,

Language: Английский

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Plant litter strengthens positive biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships over time

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 473 - 484

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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