COVID-19 vaccines adverse events: potential molecular mechanisms

Immunologic Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(3), P. 356 - 372

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines: Insights from an Immuno-Dermatological Perspective

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 944 - 944

Published: Aug. 25, 2021

(1) Background: Numerous vaccines are under preclinical and clinical development for prevention of severe course lethal outcome coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In light high efficacy rates satisfactory safety profiles, some agents have already reached approval now distributed worldwide, with varying availability. Real-world data on cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remain limited. (2) Methods: We performed a literature research concerning ADRs to different COVID-19 vaccines, incorporated our own experiences. (3) Results: Injection site the most frequent side effects arising from all vaccine types. Moreover, delayed may occur after several days, either as primary manifestation or flare pre-existing inflammatory dermatosis. Cutaneous be divided according their cytokine profile, based preponderance specific T-cell subsets (i.e., Th1, Th2, Th17/22, Tregs). Specific mimic immunogenic natural infection SARS-CoV-2, which is associated an abundance type I interferons. (4) Conclusions: Further studies required in order determine best suitable individual groups patients, including patients suffering chronic dermatoses.

Language: Английский

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Anaphylactic and nonanaphylactic reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Oct. 16, 2021

Currently there is no systematic review and meta-analysis of the global incidence rates anaphylactic nonanaphylactic reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in general adult population. To estimate after COVID-19 describe demographic clinical characteristics, triggers, presenting signs symptoms, treatment course confirmed cases. A meta-analysis. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses [PRISMA] statement was followed. Electronic databases (Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Nature) were searched from 1 December 2020 31 May 2021 English language using following keywords alone or combination: anaphylaxis, non-anaphylaxis, reaction, anaphylactic/anaphylactoid shock, hypersensitivity, allergy allergic immunology immunologic angioedema, loss consciousness, generalized erythema, urticaria, urticarial rash, cyanosis, grunting, stridor, tachypnoea, wheezing, tachycardia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting tryptase. We included studies adults all ages healthcare settings. Effect sizes prevalence pooled with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). minimize heterogeneity, we performed sub-group analyses. Of 1,734 papers that identified, 26 articles (8 case report, 5 cohort, 4 series, 2 randomized controlled trial cross-sectional studies) 14 (1 Studies involving 26,337,421 vaccine recipients [Pfizer-BioNTech (n = 14,505,399) Moderna 11,831,488)] analyzed. The overall anaphylaxis both 5.0 (95% CI 2.9 7.2, I2 81%, p < 0.0001), while 53.9 0.0 116.1, 99%, 0.0001). Vaccination Pfizer-BioNTech resulted higher compared (8.0, 11.3, 85% versus 2.8, 5.7, 59%). However, lower associated (43.9, 131.9, 99% 63.8, 151.8, 98%). funnel plots possible publication bias effect determine mRNA immunization based on type appeared asymmetrical visual inspection, Egger's tests asymmetry by producing values 0.05. Across studies, most commonly identified risk factors female sex personal history atopy. key triggers these foods, medications, stinging insects jellyfish, contrast media, cosmetics detergents, household products, latex. Previous anaphylaxis; comorbidities such as asthma, rhinitis, atopic contact eczema/dermatitis psoriasis cholinergic urticaria also found be important. vaccine-associated very low; occur at rate, however, cutaneous are largely self-limited. Both should not discourage vaccination.

Language: Английский

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Safety of administration of BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer‐BioNTech) COVID‐19 vaccine in youths and young adults with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and allergy to PEG‐asparaginase

Pediatric Blood & Cancer, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 68(11)

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Abstract Vaccinationis a critical tool in the prevention of COVID‐19 infection for individuals and communities. The mRNA vaccines contain polyethylene glycol (PEG) as stabilizer. Currently, North America, only BNT162b2 (Pfizer‐BioNTech ) vaccine is approved aged 12–17. Most patients treated with contemporary regimens acute lymphoblastic leukemia receive PEG‐asparaginase (PEG‐ASNase) 10%–30% will develop allergic reactions. Optimizing access safety administration these critical. This report describes process developed to support COVID vaccination cohort adolescents young adults history PEG‐ASNase allergy.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-Vaccination-Induced Myocarditis in Teenagers: Case Series with Further Follow-Up

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 3456 - 3456

Published: March 15, 2022

Presently, the whole globe is struggling tough challenge of COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination remains most effective and safe weapon for adults in paediatric population. Aside from possible mild moderate post-vaccination side effects, more severe effects may occur. We retrospectively analysed a group 5 teenagers aged 15 to 17 years with obesity/overweight (BMI ranging 24.8 30) who presented typical myocarditis symptoms following first or second dose (3 2 patients, respectively) vaccine. In study group, significant increase troponin serum concentration was observed (1674-37,279.6 ng/L) further quick reduction within 3-4 days. all ST segments elevation depression repolarisation time abnormalities electrocardiography were noticed. Chest X-ray results normal limits. Echocardiography showed left ventricular diameter (47-56.2 mm) ejection fraction between 61-72%. All patients diagnosed based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. During hospitalisation, swift clinical improvement notable. Follow-up obtained after 106-134 days initial CMR, revealing no symptoms, proper level, ECG echocardiographic abnormalities. At same time, persistent myocardium injury features detected including ongoing myocarditis. COVID-19-vaccine-induced seems be disease fast recovery, but complete resolution inflammatory process last over 3 months. Further follow-up investigation assessing subsequent implications long-term required.

Language: Английский

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Cutaneous reactions after COVID‐19 vaccination in Turkey: A multicenter study

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 3692 - 3703

Published: July 3, 2022

In this study covering all of Turkey, we aimed to define cutaneous and systemic adverse reactions in our patient population after COVID-19 vaccination with the Sinovac/CoronaVac (inactivated SARS-CoV-2) Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines.This prospective, cross-sectional included individuals presenting dermatology or emergency outpatient clinics a total 19 centers having been vaccinated vaccines. Systemic, local injection site, non-local were identified, their rates determined.Of 2290 between April 15 July 15, 2021, 2097 (91.6%) received CoronaVac vaccine 183 (8%) BioNTech. Systemic observed at rate 31.0% first dose, 31.1% second 46.4% BioNTech 46.2% dose. Local site detected 35.6% 35.7% 86.9% 94.1% A 133 identified (2.9% dose 3.5% dose), most common being urticaria/angioedema, pityriasis rosea, herpes zoster, maculopapular rash. After BioNTech, 39 have developed (24.8% 5% delayed large reaction, urticaria/angioedema order frequency. Existing autoimmune diseases triggered 2.1% patients 8.2% those BioNTech.There are no comprehensive data on specific vaccine. We determined frequency from dermatologist's point view wide spectrum reactions. Our show that is associated less harmful while may result more serious reactions, such as anaphylaxis, triggering autoimmunity. However, these self-limiting required little therapeutic intervention.

Language: Английский

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Events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization of COVID-19 vaccines in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract COVID-19 vaccines effectively reduce morbidity and mortality but are associated with Events Supposedly Attributable to Vaccination or Immunization (ESAVI). This cross-sectional study examined the incidence characteristics of ESAVI in Brazil during 2021, using data from e-SUS Notifica Vacivida. Among 109,424 reports, rates were 30.82 83.08 symptoms per 100,000 doses. Most reports involved women (70.83%), individuals aged 30–39, residents southern region. Common included headache, fever, myalgia. AstraZeneca accounted for 56.79% cases. Non-severe cases predominated (95.03%), 78.7% classified as “product-related according literature.” Mortality was rare (0.03%), a significant association identified between DNA deaths (χ 2 = 4.333; p 0.037; OR 2.673; 95% CI 1.020–7.007). Regional disparities evident, higher incidences South Southeast. Underreporting non-severe remains challenge. Logistic regression showed lower odds severe among adults Black/Brown individuals, while Pfizer initial doses linked odds. These results highlight safety emphasizing need strengthened post-vaccination surveillance address regional disparities, health inequities, vaccine hesitancy.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Allergy Safety Track (VAS-Track) pathway: real-world outcomes on vaccination rates and antibody protection

Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Misdiagnosed vaccine-related "allergies" lead to unnecessary vaccine deferrals and incomplete vaccinations, leaving patients unprotected against COVID-19.To overcome limitations queues for Allergist assessment, the "VAS-Track" pathway was developed evaluate via a multi-disciplinary triage model including nurses, non-specialists, Allergists. Objective:We assessed effectiveness safety of VAS-Track its real-world impact in terms vaccination rates COVID-19 protection.Methods: Patients referred between September 2021 March 2022 were recruited.Subgroup analysis performed with prospective pre-and post-clinic antibody levels.Results: Nurse-assisted screening identified 10,412 (76%) referrals as inappropriate.369 by VAS-Track.Overall, 100% recommended complete 332 (90%) completed their primary series.No reported any significant allergic reactions following subsequent vaccination.Vaccination completion seen non-specialists additional review similar (90% vs. 89%, p = 0.617).Vaccination higher among prior history immediate-type (odds ratio: 2.43, 0.025).Subgroup revealed that only 20% (56/284) had seropositive neutralizing levels (≥ 15 AU/mL) VAS-Track, which increased 92% after (pre-clinic level 6.0 ± 13.5 AU/mL 778.8 337.4 AU/mL, < 0.001). Conclusion:A allergy team able streamline our VAS services, enabling almost all series, significantly boosting protection.We propose multidisciplinary models be further utilized, especially settings limited services.

Language: Английский

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Major severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-associated adverse effects; benefits outweigh the risks

Expert Review of Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. 1377 - 1394

Published: Aug. 20, 2022

Introduction Since its emergence, there have been huge efforts to design vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inhibit interpersonal spread. Global vaccine development is the most promising cost-effective method for overcoming epidemic. However, following reports of post-vaccination thromboembolic adverse effects, raising concerns about safety profile COVID-19 vaccine.Areas covered We aimed review recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved identify organ-based major complications based on reliable published studies. To find high-quality large-scale observational, clinical trial, cohort studies, PubMED, Scholar, Embase, Web Science were searched using keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, vaccine, Pfizer (BNT162b2), Johnson (Ad26.COV2), Moderna (mRNA-1273), Oxford AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1nCoV19), Coronavac (Sinovac), BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), effect, complication. include all relevant articles, backward searching was also done similar article citations. Case reports, studies including less than 10 participants, biased articles excluded.Expert opinion Based data from population-based effects are divided into four organ-specific groups, cardiovascular, neurologic, hematologic, immune-allergic side effects. The incidence these not different between vaccinated normal populations, currently, benefits vaccination greater mortality morbidity risks infection. further specifically systematic meta-analysis, still indicated investigate unknown existence causality reported events.

Language: Английский

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Reporting of Allergic Reactions During Pfizer-BioNTech BNTT162B2 Vaccination in Israel

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 2969 - 2976

Published: July 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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