Wild Meat Is Still on the Menu: Progress in Wild Meat Research, Policy, and Practice from 2002 to 2020

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 221 - 254

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Several hundred species are hunted for wild meat in the tropics, supporting diets, customs, and livelihoods of millions people. However, unsustainable hunting is one most urgent threats to wildlife ecosystems worldwide has serious ramifications people whose subsistence income tied meat. Over past 18 years, although research efforts have increased, scientific knowledge largely not translated into action. One major barrier progress been insufficient monitoring evaluation, meaning that effectiveness interventions cannot be ascertained. Emerging issues include difficulty designing regulatory frameworks disentangle different purposes hunting, large scale urban consumption, implications consumption human health. To address these intractable challenges, wepropose eight new recommendations action sustainable use, which would support achievement United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Language: Английский

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Where Might We Find Ecologically Intact Communities?

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: April 15, 2021

Conservation efforts should target the few remaining areas of world that represent outstanding examples ecological integrity and aim to restore a much broader area with intact habitat minimal species loss while this is still possible. There have been many assessments “intactness” in recent years but most these use measures anthropogenic impact at site, rather than faunal intactness or integrity. This paper makes first assessment for global terrestrial land surface assesses how ecoregions sites could qualify as Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs – contributing significantly persistence biodiversity) based on their (under KBA Criterion C). Three datasets are combined create new spatially explicit map numbers extirpated. Based it estimated no more 2.9% can be considered faunally intact. Additionally, using habitat/density distribution data 15 large mammals we also make an initial where mammal densities reduced, showing further decrease 2.8% functionally Only 11% were identified included within existing protected areas, only 4% KBAs triggered by other criteria. Our findings show number C potentially increase up 20% if composition was restored reintroduction 1–5 species. Hence, all necessary requirements met order reintroduce regain integrity, will across human impacts low (human footprint ≤4). Focusing restoration planet full

Language: Английский

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Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco

Ecography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 43(7), P. 954 - 966

Published: April 16, 2020

Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity where they co‐occur, their combined impact is often larger than individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of spatial footprints these lacking, including overlap how change over time. These gaps real barriers for effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach reconstruct both We combine satellite‐based land‐cover maps, habitat suitability models hunting pressure demonstrate our community mammals (48 species > 1 kg) across 1.1 million km 2 Gran Chaco region, global deforestation hotspot covering parts Argentina, Bolivia Paraguay. This provides three key insights. First, find that expanded considerably between 1985 2015, ~40% entire – twice area affected by deforestation. Second, increasingly acted together within ranges in (17% increase on average, ± 20% SD, cumulative co‐occurring 465 000 ), suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas high‐quality habitats declined average 38%. Third, identified remaining priority northern central Chaco, many which outside protected network. also identify hotspots high threat impacts Paraguay providing template threat‐specific action. Overall, findings suggest increasing effects situation likely common tropical frontiers. Our work highlights can be traced space time understand impact, even situations data sparse.

Language: Английский

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Global extent and drivers of mammal population declines in protected areas under illegal hunting pressure

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. e0227163 - e0227163

Published: Aug. 21, 2020

Illegal hunting is a persistent problem in many protected areas, but an overview of the extent this and its impact on wildlife lacking. We reviewed 40 years (1980–2020) global research to examine spatial distribution socio-ecological factors influencing population decline within areas under illegal pressure. From 81 papers reporting 988 species/site combinations, 294 mammal species were reported have been illegally hunted from 155 across 48 countries. Research has increased substantially during review period showed biases towards strictly African continent. Population declines most frequent countries with low human development index, particularly strict for body mass over 100 kg. Our results provide evidence that likely cause large-bodied resource-poor regardless area conservation status. Given growing pressures hunting, investments people's additional efforts such as improving anti-poaching strategies resources terms funding personnel directed at are priority.

Language: Английский

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Habitat fragmentation amplifies threats from habitat loss to mammal diversity across the world’s terrestrial ecoregions

One Earth, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(10), P. 1505 - 1513

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Assessing mammal species richness and occupancy in a Northeast Asian temperate forest shared by cattle

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 857 - 872

Published: Jan. 31, 2021

Abstract Aim Asian forests are becoming increasingly degraded and fragmented by the extensive intensification of anthropogenic activities; these activities threaten wildlife ecosystem sustainability. Facing a defaunation crisis, managers need more information on species assemblages to guide conservation efforts. We tested relative influence natural factors mammalian richness occupancy in temperate Northeast Asia. Location China. Methods Camera‐trapping data multispecies models were used estimate terrestrial mammal community working landscape assess community‐, group‐, species‐specific responses features while accounting for imperfect detection. Species grouped based body size, diet activity pattern. Results deployed 138 cameras photographed 21 over 22,976 trap days across China–Russia border. Both correlates varied their importance predicting presence different animals. Vegetation cover cattle found have significantly positive negative influences community‐level occupancy, respectively. The relationship with vegetation was most evident large or diurnal species; wild ungulate species. Large also negatively associated human settlements. predicted each station from 5 14 unique species, had mean probability 0.45 (95% credible interval = 0.09–0.86). generally lowest livestock grazing areas close Human is important than environmental variables. Main conclusions Our results highlight that primary disturbance impact richness. Multispecies helped identify drivers biodiversity declines will inform strategies human‐dominated landscapes forests. suggest planning seeks maximize forest protection services such as carbon storage.

Language: Английский

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Hunting Wildlife in the Tropics and Subtropics

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

The hunting of wild animals for their meat has been a crucial activity in the evolution humans. It continues to be an essential source food and generator income millions Indigenous rural communities worldwide. Conservationists rightly fear that excessive many animal species will cause demise, as already happened throughout Anthropocene. Many large mammals birds have decimated or annihilated due overhunting by If such pressures continue, other meet same fate. Equally, if use wildlife resources is continue those who depend on it, sustainable practices must implemented. These need remain become custodians within lands, own well-being well biodiversity general. This title also available via Open Access Cambridge Core.

Language: Английский

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Continental-scale local extinctions in mammal assemblages are synergistically induced by habitat loss and hunting pressure

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 109635 - 109635

Published: June 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Selecting umbrella species as mammal biodiversity indicators in tropical forest

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 110511 - 110511

Published: March 4, 2024

Conservation managers often monitor umbrella species as indicators of broader biodiversity patterns, but this assumption is seldom evaluated due to lack survey data and objective criteria. We the performance eight candidate in representing patterns mammal Sumatra, Indonesia, using a comprehensive camera trap dataset from island's largest remaining tropical rainforest. employed an occupancy modeling framework quantify association between species-level four community-level parameters while accounting for imperfect detection. Sambar deer clouded leopard were consistently ranked top umbrellas. Areas where these prevalent associated with higher levels community occupancy, richness, functional phylogenetic diversity. Sumatran tiger rhino among lower umbrellas, inadequately represented other despite being main subjects monitoring. Our results demonstrate that occurrence status charismatic commonly regarded umbrellas does not necessarily represent biodiversity. Species are frequently overlooked by conservation decision-making may better overall advocate utilizing fleets multiple monitored encourage application our data-driven assess performance.

Language: Английский

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Wild Meat in Changing Times

Journal of Ethnobiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(2), P. 117 - 130

Published: July 1, 2020

Across the Global South, wildlife is harvested for food and livelihoods cultural medicinal purposes, yet dynamics of wild meat sector are changing as remote areas become more accessible, people living in urban areas, world becoming increasingly connected. The research articles this special issue explore contemporary use lives across a rural-urban gradient, provide examples how may be evolving relation to social, political, economic, cultural, environmental contexts, what means sustainable management biodiversity conservation. Urbanization, social change, contribute diversity of, motivation for, uses, while human population growth state natural environment can ultimately influence sustainability. Given uses social-ecological potential inequitable decisions, incorporating justice will ensure human-wellbeing curbing loss.

Language: Английский

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