The infectious disease trap of animal agriculture

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(44)

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Infectious diseases originating from animals (zoonotic diseases) have emerged following deforestation agriculture. Agriculture can reduce its land use through intensification, i.e., improving resource efficiency. However, intensive management often confines and their wastes, which also fosters disease emergence. Therefore, rising demand for animal-sourced foods creates a "trap" of zoonotic risks: extensive on one hand or animal the other. Not all intensification poses risks; some methods avoid confinement improve health. these "win-win" improvements alone cannot satisfy meat demand, particularly chicken pork. Intensive poultry pig production entails greater antibiotic use, confinement, populations than beef production. Shifting to consumption mitigates climate emissions, but this common strategy neglects risks. Preventing requires international coordination high foods, forest conservation governance, selectively intensify lowest-producing ruminant systems without confinement.

Language: Английский

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Wildlife conservation: The importance of individual personality traits and sentience

Animal Sentience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(34)

Published: July 1, 2024

Individual differences in personality types within the same species have been studied much less than between and populations. Personality are related to risk-taking exploration, which turn correlate with individuals' daily responses, decisions, fitness. Bold shy can different advantages disadvantages under social or environmental pressures. Analyzing has helped clarify how elk habituate a well-populated area management strategies be adapted them. For wolves newly repatriated Colorado, individual factors likely prove important for adapting their new homes as well needs of people cohabiting Animal human need investigated jointly long-term success conservation initiatives.

Language: Английский

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Who is local and what do they know? Braiding knowledges within carnivore management in Europe

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract Growing recognition of Indigenous Peoples and traditional local communities as stewards biodiversity has brought to the fore issues knowledge value pluralism in conservation policy practice. Given their basis practical multi‐generational experience, knowledges are highly relevant managing human–wildlife interactions, especially species that challenging live with. Yet, these situated forms remain overlooked marginalised, ‘local knowledge’, it is unclear what or whom encompassed within term. We explore context pastoral areas Europe, where populations large carnivores such wolves currently expanding. ask: who ‘local’, constitutes knowledge’ can this contribute carnivore management? show continuous exchanges between long‐settled residents, newcomers transient people mean ‘localness’ cannot be approached a dualist position. Similarly, dynamic continuously evolving face ongoing emerging change, which makes efforts categorisation preservation complex. argue current approaches incorporating often fail account for complexity, producing unjust ineffective policies strategies. To advance understanding, we offer an approach situates those hold on spectrum characteristics. then describe challenges braiding particularly management, illustrated by examples from our own research broader literature. tackle challenges, propose ‘spacing’ planning investing networks emplaced practitioners, tasked with coordinating mobilisation locally adapted strategies coexistence. Policy implications . Pluralism management goes beyond technical know‐how communities. It requires better different kinds skills, at all scales, produce outcomes nature. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Revisiting two dogmas of conservation science

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(4)

Published: April 26, 2023

Abstract Conservation science is a morally motivated field, with implicit and explicit values built into its practice. As such, conservationists must engage conservation ethics to interrogate underlying values. We examine cutting‐edge ecological contemporary revisit two norms that have become dogmatic in the field: collectives, but not individual animals, are valuable anthropomorphism should be staunchly avoided. Emerging studies demonstrate individuals their intraspecific variation can instrumentally for science, there an emerging consensus within environmental philosophy around moral worth of individuals. Thus, we suggest explicitly recognize value also argue avoiding detrimental because critical enables more nuanced scientific approach—allowing ask enlightened questions creativity compassion. provide evidence both scientifically outdated propose new normative push towards robust ethical

Language: Английский

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An interdisciplinary conception of human-wildlife coexistence

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 126370 - 126370

Published: March 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Animal cognition and culture mediate predator–prey interactions

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 52 - 64

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

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Indigenous insights on human–wildlife coexistence in southern India

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(6)

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Abstract As human–wildlife conflicts escalate worldwide, concepts such as tolerance and acceptance of wildlife are becoming increasingly important. Yet, contemporary conservation studies indicate a limited understanding positive interactions, leading to potentially inaccurate representations human–animal encounters. Failure address these limitations contributes the design implementation poor landscape management plans dismissal Indigenous ecological knowledge. We examined perspectives on coexistence in India by drawing ethnographic evidence from Kattunayakans, forest‐dwelling Adivasi community living Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary Kerala. Through qualitative field study that involved interviews transect walks inside forests, we found Kattunayakans displayed wild animals characterized forms deep involves three central ideas: rational conversing beings; gods, teachers, equals; relatives with shared origins practicing dharmam . argue adequately will support efforts bring Kattunayakan into India's forests contribute resolution conflict more broadly.

Language: Английский

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Social licence to cull: Examining scepticism toward lethal wildlife removal in cities

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 1353 - 1363

Published: July 11, 2023

Abstract The public may sometimes resist orders to cull wildlife, even when these pose a biosecurity threat. Managers and researchers desire know why this is so. Research overwhelmingly focuses on the role of species in conditioning resistance but our approach also shows circumstances, settings, people responsible methods used that undermine legitimacy cull. We bring together use social licence operate (SLO) framework demonstrate how support for wildlife culling context be revoked. In absence SLO, can range from personal unease at seeing cherished or neighbourhood fox being culled, openly confronting municipal hunter. By interviewing ( n = 32) following 4) hunter Swedish cities who individuals populations deemed threat health, safety other societal interests, we uncover parameters by which are problematic: performs culling, done, it done where done. This leads us concept necroaesthetics: taboo ways taking animal lives. unique perspective, apprehend two forms resistance: one hunters attribute hunters' own performing certain interventions. While disagree, they have similar criteria opposing culls. conclude considering future SLO biosecurity, including subjective nature its Revocation. goes toward identifying make culls likely produce controversy, hence granting some predictive value managers their planning. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Taking natural harms seriously in compassionate conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 299, P. 110791 - 110791

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Horses are worthy of care: Horse sector participants’ attitudes towards animal sentience, welfare, and well-being

Animal Welfare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Organisations for which sentient animals are central to the business model need demonstrate safeguarding of animal welfare and well-being. This requires providing positive experiences is critical maintaining social licence operate. A cross-sectional survey captured attitudes experienced horse sector participants regarding sentience, Almost all respondents (99.9%; n = 676/677), believed horses were sentient. Analysis open-ended responses identified two themes: (1) Sentience a pathway understanding mental state, well-being horses; (2) moral obligation humans consider sentience. Respondents' observations that reacted stimuli responded their surroundings underpinned belief Theme one related respondents' sentience how informed interpretations behaviours making inferences equine state. exist towards because manage horses' environment impact interactions with horses. These obligations perceived as responsibilities when determining good in activity settings, interacting training competing The results suggested sophisticated existed among participants, who recognised worthy care. We propose leveraging participants' existing knowledge could support implementation Five Domains updating organisational policies.

Language: Английский

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