The Exciting Potential and Remaining Uncertainties of Genetic Rescue

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(12), P. 1070 - 1079

Published: July 8, 2019

Language: Английский

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Towards enhancing coral heat tolerance: a “microbiome transplantation” treatment using inoculations of homogenized coral tissues

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 6, 2021

Microbiome manipulation could enhance heat tolerance and help corals survive the pressures of ocean warming. We conducted coral microbiome transplantation (CMT) experiments using reef-building corals, Pocillopora Porites, investigated whether this technique can benefit resistance while modifying bacterial microbiome. Initially, heat-tolerant donors were identified in wild. then used fresh homogenates made from donor tissues to inoculate conspecific, heat-susceptible recipients documented their bleaching responses microbiomes by 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding.Recipients both species bleached at lower rates compared control group when exposed short-term stress (34 °C). One hundred twelve (Pocillopora sp.) sixteen (Porites donor-specific indicating transmission bacteria. The amplicon sequence variants majority these transmitted bacteria belonged known, putatively symbiotic taxa linked observed beneficial effect on response. dynamics our support notion that community evenness dominance one or few species, rather than host-species identity, drivers for stability a holobiont context.Our results suggest likely favor uptake putative symbionts, recommending include taxonomic groups future probiotics screening efforts. Our study suggests scenario where symbionts might have been more efficient supporting resist native present group. These findings urgently call further experimental investigation mechanisms action underlying CMT field-based long-term studies testing persistence effect. Video abstract.

Language: Английский

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Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 656 - 665

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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The genic view of hybridization in the Anthropocene

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2342 - 2360

Published: March 13, 2021

Human impact is noticeable around the globe, indicating that a new era might have begun: Anthropocene. Continuing human activities, including land-use changes, introduction of non-native species and rapid climate change, are altering distributions countless species, often giving rise to human-mediated hybridization events. While interbreeding different populations or can detrimental effects, such as genetic extinction, it be beneficial in terms adaptive introgression an increase diversity. In this paper, I first review mechanisms outcomes anthropogenic based on literature from last five years (2016-2020). The most common leading previously isolated taxa include habitat change (51% studies) (34% intentional 19% unintentional). These human-induced events result (80%). high incidence exchange between hybridizing indicates application genic view speciation (and introgression) provide crucial insights how address This perspective considers genome dynamic collection loci with distinct evolutionary histories, heterogenous genomic landscape differentiation introgression. First, understanding lead better selection diagnostic markers characterize hybrid populations. Second, describing patterns vary across help predict likelihood negative processes, demographic swamping, well positive outcomes, It especially important not only quantify much material introgressed, but also what has been exchanged. Third, comparing pre-Anthropocene current cases novel into swamping collapse during event. However, comparative approach remains tested before applied practice. Finally, combined conservation studies determine legal status hybrids take appropriate measures manage interplay genomics will constant ideas these fields which improve our knowledge origin conserve protect them.

Language: Английский

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Domestic cats and their impacts on biodiversity: A blind spot in the application of nature conservation law

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 235 - 250

Published: Feb. 4, 2020

Abstract Free‐ranging domestic cats Felis catus , from owned pets to feral cats, impact biodiversity through predation, fear effects, competition, disease and hybridization. Scientific knowledge regarding these impacts has recently increased, making it timely assess the role of nature conservation legislation in this connection. We do so with particular regard obligations governments around world under international wildlife law. First, we provide an overview current knowledge, based on a literature review, concerning ways which wildlife; resulting effects native species’ populations ecosystems; available strategies for addressing issues. In light using standard legal research methodology, then identify interpret relevant instruments, focus treaties. Lastly, factors that may influence implementation obligations. The outcomes analysis indicate numerous relevance free‐ranging already apply global treaties such as Convention Biological Diversity, Migratory Species World Heritage Convention, range regional instruments conservation. Of significance are (a) invasive alien species; (b) protected areas (c) species. Many national authorities currently required, law, adopt implement policies aimed at preventing, reducing or eliminating by removing other unowned landscape greatest extent possible restricting outdoor access cats. Factors can impair application include considerations feasibility, scientific uncertainty, interests cat owners (perceived) themselves. Even if some explain why many have hitherto failed take effective action address threats posed perspective little ground justifying non‐compliance A free Plain Language Summary be found within Supporting Information article.

Language: Английский

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Consequences of Hybridization in Mammals: A Systematic Review

Genes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 50 - 50

Published: Dec. 24, 2021

Hybridization, defined as breeding between two distinct taxonomic units, can have an important effect on the evolutionary patterns in cross-breeding taxa. Although interspecific hybridization has frequently been considered a maladaptive process, which threatens species genetic integrity and survival via swamping outbreeding depression, some cases introduce novel adaptive variation increase fitness. Most studies to date focused documenting events analyzing their causes, while relatively little is known about consequences of its impact parental species. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted systematic review mammals published 2010-2021, identified 115 relevant studies. Of 13 categories described these studies, most common negative consequence (21% studies) was positive (8%) gain variation. The total frequency (49%) higher than (13%) neutral (38%) consequences. These frequencies are biased by detection possibilities microsatellite loci, markers used papers assessed. As outcomes typically easier demonstrate ones (e.g., extinction vs hybrid speciation), they may be over-represented publications. Transition towards genomic involving both will provide better insight into real impacts hybridization.

Language: Английский

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Translating the 10 golden rules of reforestation for coral reef restoration

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(4)

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Efforts are accelerating to protect and restore ecosystems globally. With trillions of dollars in ecosystem services at stake, no clear framework exists for developing or prioritizing approaches coral reefs even as efforts investment opportunities do so grow worldwide. Restoration may buy time climate change mitigation, but it lacks rigorous guidance meet objectives scalability effectiveness. Lessons from restoration terrestrial can should be rapidly adopted reef restoration. We propose how the 10 golden rules effective forest translated accelerate based on established principles resilience, management, local stewardship. summarize steps undertake a management strategy context diverse service values that provide. Outlining blueprint is timely more stakeholders seek UN Decade Ecosystem begins.Traducción de las Diez Reglas Oro la Reforestación para Restauración los Arrecifes Coral Resumen Cada vez son más esfuerzos proteger y restaurar ecosistemas nivel mundial. Con billones dólares en servicios ambientales juego, existe un marco trabajo desarrollar o priorizar estrategias restauración arrecifes incluso cuando todo el mundo aumentan oportunidades inversión. Puede que gane tiempo mitigación del cambio climático, pero carece directrices rigurosas cumplir objetivos adaptabilidad eficacia. Las lecciones ha brindado terrestres pueden deben adoptarse rápidamente coral. Proponemos una traducción diez reglas doradas forestal efectiva acelerar con base principios establecidos resiliencia, gestión administración local. Resumimos pasos emprender como estrategia manejo contexto valores diversos ambientales. Estamos delinear proyecto conforme actores buscan inicio Década ONU Ecosistemas.

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Horizon scan of rapidly advancing coral restoration approaches for 21st century reef management

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 125 - 136

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Coral reef restoration activity is accelerating worldwide in efforts to offset the rate of health declines. Many advances have already been made practices centred on coral biology (coral restoration), and particularly those that look employ high adaptive state capacity corals order ensure rebuilding biomass also equip reefs with enhanced resilience future stress. We horizon scan state-of-play for many innovations underway across complex life cycle spans both asexual sexual reproduction — assisted evolution (manipulations targeted host host-associated microbes), biobanking, as well scalable propagation planting how these are different stages maturity support new 21st century management frameworks. Realising potential tools aids undoubtedly rests validating approaches their application continues scale. Whilst ecosystem service responses increased scaling still largely remain be seen, has delivered immense understanding coral-associated microbial long lagged behind other sciences.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of marine heat extremes on bivalves

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 8, 2023

As the global ocean continues to experience consequences of an increase in frequency and intensity heat waves, trend is expected persist into 21st century, with a projected tripling waves by 2040. This phenomenon poses significant threat marine ecosystems survival organisms, including ecologically economically vital bivalves. Bivalves are vulnerable harm from stress at various levels biological organization, their growth can be negatively impacted high temperatures, potentially leading mass mortalities posing ecosystem quality food security. In light these concerns, this review aims provide comprehensive examination effects on It summarizes physiological biochemical changes that bivalves undergo response extreme events offers overview strategies they employ mitigate impacts. A better understanding underlying mechanisms bivalve responses crucial order fully appreciate impact organisms. synthesizes current knowledge highlights importance further research area. By providing during use its impact, support development more effective approaches minimize

Language: Английский

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The application gap: Genomics for biodiversity and ecosystem service management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 278, P. 109883 - 109883

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

The conservation of biodiversity from the genetic to community levels is fundamental for continual provision ecosystem services (ES), benefits that ecosystems provide people. Genetic and genomic diversity enhance resilience populations communities underpin functions services. We show genomics applications are mostly limited flagship species their ES management underachieved. propose a framework on how can guide sustainable bridge this genomics-ES 'application gap'. review knowledge in single (relatedness, potentially adaptive variants) or interacting (host-microorganism coevolution, hybridization) effective actions. These include population supplementation, assisted migration hybridization promote climate-adapted variants potential, control invasives, delimitation areas, provenancing strategies restoration, managing microbial function solving trade-offs. Genomics-informed actions improved outcomes supported through synergies between scientists managers at local, regional international levels, development standardized workflows, training incorporation local information. Such facilitate implementation policies such as UN 2030 goals EU Biodiversity strategy 2030, support inclusion ambitious new CBD post-2020 Global Framework hybrids.

Language: Английский

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