Pulse Oximetry Values from 33,080 Participants in the Apple Heart & Movement Study DOI Creative Commons
Michael OReilly, Ян Шапиро, Jeffrey S. Stein

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 15, 2022

Abstract Wearable devices that include pulse oximetry (SpO 2 ) sensing afford the opportunity to capture oxygen saturation measurements from large cohorts in unconstrained living conditions spanning all hours of day. We report here a cross-sectional analysis 72 million individual SpO values collected 33,080 participants Apple Heart and Movement Study, stratified by age, sex, body mass index, home altitude, other demographic variables. Measurements were aggregated hour day for each produce subject-specific 24-hour profiles, which then grouped according variables downstream analysis. SpO2 profiles exhibited similar circadian patterns subgroups, being approximately sinusoidal with nadir near midnight local time, zenith noon mean 0.8% lower during overnight hours. Using averaged subject into nocturnal daytime values, we employed multivariate ordinary least squares regression quantify population-level trends factors including BMI, assigned (birth) sex. For full cohort, coefficients obtained models fit close quantitative agreement corresponding published reference awake arterial measured under controlled laboratory conditions. Compared , yielded higher determination emphasized effects altitude subgroups. Sex-specific subgroup revealed significantly different age BMI females compared those males (for both although constant terms did not differ between sexes. Subgroup self-reported race/ethnicity was accomplished using two strategies. Incorporating categorical encoding self- reported full-cohort linear identified small but statistically signifi- ant differences (largest coefficient 0.13% Hispanic study White participants), no significant groups . Additional analyses comparing separate independently subjects suggestive age- sex-related groups, indicated difference any either or The diverse population, automated background measurement collection cycle, design utilizing single smartwatch-enabled sensor type enables establish- ment healthy population outside clinical settings. measurements, are systematically emphasize impact altitude. Additionally, pool this supports detec- tion age-dependent decline sexes naturalistic

Language: Английский

The effects of long-term high-altitude exposure on cognition: A meta-analysis DOI
Rui Su,

Shurong Jia,

Niannian Zhang

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 105682 - 105682

Published: April 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Does exercise have a protective effect on cognitive function under hypoxia? A systematic review with meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Myungjin Jung, Liye Zou, Jane Jie Yu

et al.

Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 562 - 577

Published: April 20, 2020

This study aimed to examine (1) the independent effects of hypoxia on cognitive function and (2) exercise cognition while under hypoxia.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Particle Pollution and Cognition: Evidence from Sensitive Cognitive Tests in Brazil DOI
Arjun S. Bedi,

Marcos Nakaguma,

Brandon Restrepo

et al.

Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 443 - 474

Published: Oct. 15, 2020

This paper analyzes the impact of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on cognitive performance students who were tested a range sensitive tests at large university in Brazil. To examine whether effect PM2.5 varies by domain, we employ measuring simple attention, complex arithmetic processing speed, working memory, and fluid reasoning. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation matter—which easily penetrates indoor settings—across 54 lab sessions over 3-year period with 464 students, find evidence suggesting that high levels reduces reasoning test. By contrast, do not support an other tests, although are underpowered detect modest effects these tests.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Sex differences in stress and immune responses during confinement in Antarctica DOI Creative Commons

Claudia Strewe,

Dominique Moser, Judith‐Irina Buchheim

et al.

Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 16, 2019

Antarctica challenges human explorers by its extreme environment. The effects of these unique conditions on the physiology need to be understood best mitigate health problems in Antarctic expedition crews. Moreover, is an adequate Earth-bound analogue for long-term space missions. To date, have been studied mainly male cohorts though more female expeditioners and applicants astronaut training programs are selected. Therefore, identification sex differences stress immune reactions becoming even essential aim provide a individualized risk management. Ten 16 subjects participated three 1-year expeditions German Research Station Neumayer III. Blood, saliva, urine samples were taken 1–2 months prior departure, subsequently every month during their expedition, 3–4 after return from Antarctica. Analyses included cortisol, catecholamine endocannabinoid measurements; psychological evaluation; differential blood count; recall antigen- mitogen-stimulated cytokine profiles. Cortisol showed significantly higher concentrations females than males winter whereas no enhanced was detected both sexes. Catecholamine excretion but never significant increases compared baseline. Endocannabinoids N-acylethanolamides increased sexes stayed consistently elevated confinement. Cytokine profiles vitro stimulation revealed resulted time-dependent changes. Hemoglobin hematocrit females, hemoglobin Platelet counts males. Leukocytes granulocyte confinement with dip lymphocytes environment seems trigger some distinct responses but—with exception cortisol cell counts—without any major relevant sex-specific differences. Stated shown independent seem related environmental conditions. However, sources consequences further elucidated.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Sex differences in cardiorespiratory control under hypoxia: the roles of oxygen desaturation and hypoxic exposure time DOI Creative Commons
André Luiz Musmanno Branco Oliveira, Gabriel Dias Rodrigues, Bruno M. Silva

et al.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Males and females differ anatomically functionally in cardiorespiratory regulation, with males tending to experience greater oxygen desaturation under hypoxia. Therefore, sex might moderate responses acute hypoxia exposure. Accordingly, we hypothesized that differences cardiovascular ventilatory would be more pronounced equal duration (iso-time) but less at similar levels (iso-saturation). Twenty-two (12 females) healthy individuals were exposed normoxia (10 min FiO2 = 0.21) 0.115), respectively. Pulse saturation (SpO2), R-R intervals, cardiac output, blood pressure (BP), data continuously recorded during spontaneous breathing. Spectral analysis of intervals systolic BP revealed autonomic modulation the low- (LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz) high-frequency (HF; 0.15-0.40 bands alpha-index (α-LF) assessed baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Sex compared iso-saturation iso-time analyses. At 10 (iso-time), desaturated than (interaction: p 0.004), hypoxia-induced tachycardia both groups (p < 0.001), no "sex-time" interaction was found for data. In contrast, only responded hypoxia, decreasing breathing frequency 0.022) increasing tidal volume (Vt) 0.036). Otherwise, (SpO2-matched ∼91%), heart rate LF increased 0.049). However, Vt (interaction; 0.037). Our indicate counterbalance mainly by systemic circulatory adjustments, while use both, adjustments.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Sex Differences in Autonomic Cardiac Control and Oxygen Saturation Response to Short-Term Normobaric Hypoxia and Following Recovery: Effect of Aerobic Fitness DOI Creative Commons
Michal Botek, Jakub Krejčí, Andrew J. McKune

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Nov. 23, 2018

Introduction: The main aims of this study were to investigate autonomic nervous system (ANS) and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) responses simulated altitude in males females, determine the association between maximal uptake (VO2max) these responses. Materials Methods: Heart rate variability (HRV) SpO2 monitored a resting supine position during Preliminary (6 min normoxia), Hypoxia (10 min, fraction inspired (FiO2) 9.6%, ~6,200 m) Recovery normoxia) phases 28 (age 23.7 ± 1.7 years, normoxic VO2max 59.0 7.8 ml.kg-1.min-1, body mass index (BMI) 24.2 2.1 kg.m-2) 30 females 23.8 1.8 45.1 8.7 BMI 21.8 3.0 kg.m-2). Spectral analysis HRV quantified ANS activity by means low frequency (LF, 0.05-0.15 Hz) high (HF, 0.15-0.50 power, transformed natural logarithm (Ln). Time domain incorporated square root mean squares successive differences (rMSSD). Results: There no significant level hypoxia (71.9 7.5%) (70.8 7.1%). Vagally-related variables (Ln HF Ln rMSSD) exhibited sexes across each phase. However, while demonstrated similar LF/HF values phase, (0.5 1.3) had relatively higher (p = 0.001) sympathetic compared (-0.6 1.4) Oxygen desaturation was significantly correlated with (r -0.45, p 0.017) but not 0.01, 0.952) difference regression lines 0.024). Conclusions: Despite levels, exposure females. In addition, response related aerobic capacity

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Pulse oximetry values from 33,080 participants in the Apple Heart & Movement Study DOI Creative Commons
Ян Шапиро, Jeffrey S. Stein, Calum A. MacRae

et al.

npj Digital Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: July 27, 2023

Wearable devices that include pulse oximetry (SpO2) sensing afford the opportunity to capture oxygen saturation measurements from large cohorts under naturalistic conditions. We report here a cross-sectional analysis of 72 million SpO2 values collected 33,080 individual participants in Apple Heart and Movement Study, stratified by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), home altitude, other demographic variables. Measurements aggregated hour day into 24-h profiles exhibit similar circadian patterns for all groups, being approximately sinusoidal with nadir near midnight local time, zenith noon mean 0.8% lower during overnight hours. Using averaged each subject nocturnal daytime values, we employ multivariate ordinary least squares regression quantify population-level trends according factors. For full cohort, coefficients obtained models fit are close quantitative agreement corresponding published reference awake arterial measured controlled laboratory Regression sex reveal significantly different age- BMI-dependent females compared males, although constant terms altitude do not differ between sexes. Incorporating categorical variables encoding self-reported race/ethnicity full-cohort identifies small but statistically significant differences (largest coefficient 0.13% SpO2, Hispanic study White participants), no groups SpO2. Additional comparing independently subjects group is suggestive sex-dependent trends, indicates difference any either or The diverse population design employing automated background spanning cycle enables establishment healthy outside clinical settings.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Severe Hypoxia Does Not Offset the Benefits of Exercise on Cognitive Function in Sedentary Young Women DOI Open Access

On-Kei Lei,

Zhaowei Kong, Paul D. Loprinzi

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 1003 - 1003

Published: March 20, 2019

Purpose: To examine the effect of acute moderate-intensity continuous exercise performed under normobaric severe hypoxia on cognition, compared to sea-level normoxia. Methods: Thirty healthy inactive women randomly two experimental trials separated by at least three days but approximately same time day. Executive functions were measured during follicular stage via an interference control task before (rest) and with 45% peak power output normoxia (PIO₂ = 150 mmHg, FIO₂ 0.21), (2) 87 0.12, simulated altitude 4000 m). Reaction (RT), accuracy rate (AC), heart rate, ratings perceived exertion, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) collected exercise. Results: RT (p < 0.05, η²p 0.203) decreased moderate when rest, while a short bout improved 0.134). Exercise had no effects AC > 0.05). No significant associations found between changes SpO₂ conditions Conclusions: At phase menstrual cycle, m caused impairment rest. ameliorated in hypoxia, suggesting that both short-term have benefits cognitive function sedentary young women.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Hypoxic repeated sprint interval training improves cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary young women DOI Creative Commons
Zhaowei Kong,

On Kei Lei,

Shengyan Sun

et al.

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 100 - 107

Published: Jan. 26, 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects repeated sprint interval training (RSIT) under different hypoxic conditions in comparison with normoxic RSIT on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic health sedentary young women. Sixty-two women (age: 21.9 ± 2.8 years, peak oxygen uptake [V̇O2peak] 25.9 4.5 ml kg−1·min−1) were randomized into one four groups, including a group (N), simulating an altitude 2500 m (H2500), incremental 2500–3400 (H2500–3400) non-exercise control (C). intervention (80 × 6 s all-out cycling sprints 9 recovery) performed three times/week for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measures, V̇O2peak, fasting blood glucose lipids assessed during follicular phase menstrual cycle before after intervention. Compared group, significant increases V̇O2peak found both groups (H2500: +8.2%, p < 0.001, d = 0.52; H2500-3400: +10.9%, 0.05, 0.99) but not N (+3.6%, > 0.21) intervention, whereas two had no difference V̇O2peak. Blood lipids, body composition remained unchanged all groups. present indicates that combining hypoxia can enhance improvement CRF compared alone population. Yet, stable hypoxia, stress short-term does additionally ameliorate CRF.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Is there a diurnal variation of COVID-19 patients warranting presentation to the health centre? A chronobiological observational cross-sectional study DOI Creative Commons
Mohamed Romdhani, Sakthikumar Vedasalam, Amine Souissi

et al.

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(1), P. 3059 - 3067

Published: Oct. 29, 2022

The circadian clock regulates the function of immune system, replication viruses, and magnitude infections. aim this study was to analyse whether hospital attendance in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients presents a diurnal variation.Data from electronic medical records 1094 COVID-19 who presented Health Centre Qatar during month July 2020 retrospectively analysed. following demographic (i.e. time day (TOD), sex, age), clinical cycle threshold (CT), temperature, oxy-haemoglobin saturation resting heart-rate), biochemical uraemia, glycaemia albuminia) haematological leukocytes, erythrocytes ad platelets) parameters were collected.Univariate analysis showed significant effect TOD on admission (p < 0.001), with attending health care centre more active behavioural phase (08h00-00h00) compared (00h00-08h00). infection blunted rhythms core body neutrophils leukocytes family shifted heart-rate uraemia. Correlation near perfect negative correlation between age (r=-0.97), older earlier day.COVID-19 affected host through disrupting temperature innate immunity mediators. Old attend younger ones. However, CT polymerase chain reaction-test unaffected by TOD, which limits conclusion that viral exhibits variation.

Language: Английский

Citations

7