Biologics, theranostics, and personalized medicine in drug delivery systems

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 107086 - 107086

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

The progress in human disease treatment can be greatly advanced through the implementation of nanomedicine. This approach involves targeted and cell-specific therapy, controlled drug release, personalized dosage forms, wearable delivery, companion diagnostics. By integrating cutting-edge technologies with delivery systems, greater precision achieved at tissue cellular levels use stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, development electrochemical sensor systems. targeting – by virtue nanotechnology allows for therapy to directed specifically affected tissues while reducing side effects on healthy tissues. As such, nanomedicine has potential transform conditions such as cancer, genetic diseases, chronic illnesses facilitating precise delivery. Additionally, forms devices offer ability tailor unique needs each patient, thereby increasing therapeutic effectiveness compliance. Companion diagnostics further enable efficient monitoring response, enabling customized adjustments plan. question whether all approaches outlined here are viable alternatives current treatments is also discussed. In general, application field biomedicine may provide a strong alternative existing several reasons. this review, we aim present evidence that, although early stages, fully merging technology innovative shows promise successful across various areas, including cancer or diseases.

Language: Английский

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Microfluidic systems for modeling digestive cancer: a review of recent progress

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 052002 - 052002

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Abstract Purpose . This review aims to highlight current improvements in microfluidic devices designed for digestive cancer simulation. The emphasizes the use of multicellular 3D tissue engineering models understand complicated biology tumor microenvironment (TME) and progression. purpose is develop oncology research improve patients’ lives. Methods analyzes recent on mimicking cancer. It uses tissue-engineered devices, notably organs a chip (OOC), simulate human organ function lab. Cell cultivation modern three-dimensional hydrogel platforms allows precise geometry, biological components, physiological qualities. novel methodologies, key findings, technical progress explain this field’s advances. Results study discusses advances Micro systems with are emphasized. These capture complex biochemical gradients, niche variables, dynamic cell–cell interactions (TME). reveal stomach progression by duplicating TME. Recent discoveries technology have improved our understanding gut biology, as shown review. Conclusion Microfluidic play crucial role modeling furthering research. could transform drug development treatment revealing provides complete summary suggests future field professionals. review’s major goal further medical

Language: Английский

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Autonomous Nucleic Acid and Protein Nanocomputing Agents Engineered to Operate in Living Cells

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

In recent years, the rapid development and employment of autonomous technology have been observed in many areas human activity. Autonomous can readily adjust its function to environmental conditions enable an efficient operation without control. While applying same concept designing advanced biomolecular therapies would revolutionize nanomedicine, design approaches engineering biological nanocomputing agents for predefined operations within living cells remain a challenge. made nucleic acids proteins are appealing idea, two decades research has shown that engineered act under real physical biochemical constraints logical manner. Throughout all domains life, perform variety vital functions, where sequence-defined structures these biopolymers either operate on their own or efficiently together. This programmability synergy inspire massive efforts utilize versatility amino encode functions properties otherwise do not exist nature. Perspective covers key concepts used application discusses potential limitations paths forward.

Language: Английский

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Complex in vitro model: A transformative model in drug development and precision medicine

Clinical and Translational Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

In vitro and in vivo models play integral roles preclinical drug research, evaluation, precision medicine. primarily involve research platforms based on cultured cells, typically the form of two-dimensional (2D) cell models. However, notable disparities exist between 2D cells across various aspects, rendering former inadequate for replicating physiologically relevant functions human or animal organs tissues. Consequently, these failed to accurately reflect real-life scenarios post-drug administration. Complex (CIVMs) refer that integrate a multicellular environment three-dimensional (3D) structure using bio-polymer tissue-derived matrices. These seek reconstruct organ- tissue-specific characteristics extracellular microenvironment. The utilization CIVMs allows enhanced physiological correlation thereby better mimicking conditions without ethical concerns associated with experimentation. have gained prominence disease development. This review aimed comprehensively examine analyze types, manufacturing techniques, applications CIVM domains discovery, development, objective this study was provide comprehensive understanding progress made their potential future use fields.

Language: Английский

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The New Paradigm in Animal Testing – “3Rs Alternatives”

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105705 - 105705

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advances in the Insulin–Heart Axis: Current Therapies and Future Directions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(18), P. 10173 - 10173

Published: Sept. 22, 2024

The insulin–heart axis plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) insulin-resistant states, including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance disrupts glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, atherogenesis, which contribute heart failure (HF) other CVDs. This review was conducted by systematically searching PubMed, Scopus, Web Science databases for peer-reviewed studies published past decade, focusing on therapeutic interventions targeting axis. Studies were selected based their relevance insulin resistance, outcomes, efficacy pharmacologic treatments. Key findings from highlight lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes physical activity, remain cornerstone managing improving outcomes. Moreover, interventions, metformin, sodium–glucose cotransporter inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 have shown reducing risk addressing metabolic dysfunction, endothelial function. Furthermore, emerging treatments, angiotensin receptor–neprilysin mechanical like ventricular assist devices offer new avenues HF patients. potential these therapies improve left ejection fraction reverse pathological cardiac remodeling highlights importance early intervention. However, challenges optimizing treatment regimens understanding long-term effects agents. Future research should focus personalized approaches that integrate effectively target mitigate burden complications populations.

Language: Английский

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Triplicate Dynamic Cell Culture Platform for Enhanced Reproducibility in Anti-Cancer Drug Testing

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

The development of stable and standardized in vitro cytotoxicity testing models is essential for drug discovery personalized medicine. Microfluidic technologies, recognized their small size, reduced reagent consumption, control over experimental variables, have gained considerable attention. However, challenges associated with external pumps, particularly inconsistencies between individual pumping systems, limited the real-world application cancer-on-a-chip technology. This study introduces a novel triplicate cell culture system (Tri-CS) that simultaneously supports dynamic cultures three independent units using single peristaltic pump, ensuring consistent flow conditions. Our findings demonstrate Tri-CS significantly reduces variability compared to pump enhancing reliability anticancer testing. Furthermore, we evaluated gemcitabine cytotoxicity, which shows enhanced efficacy Fluorescein diffusion tests revealed greater efficiency cultures, contributed higher observed efficacy. potential broader Tri-CS, including its compatibility commercially available transwells opportunity use more complex cancer-on-chip models, positions this as valuable tool advancing microphysiological systems preclinical research.

Language: Английский

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Nanofibrous Scaffolds’ Ability to Induce Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation for Soft Tissue Regenerative Applications

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 239 - 239

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained recognition as a highly versatile and promising cell source for repopulating bioengineered scaffolds due to their inherent capacity differentiate into multiple types. However, MSC implantation techniques often yielded inconsistent clinical results, underscoring the need advanced approaches enhance therapeutic efficacy. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) provided significant breakthrough by closely mimicking vivo environment, addressing limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. Among these, nanofibrous proven particularly effective, offering an optimal 3D framework, growth-permissive substrates, delivery trophic factors crucial survival regeneration. Furthermore, selection appropriate biomaterials can amplify paracrine effects MSCs, promoting both proliferation targeted differentiation. The synergistic combination MSCs with has demonstrated remarkable potential achieving repair, regeneration, tissue-specific differentiation enhanced safety efficacy, paving way routine applications. In this review, we examine most recent studies (2013–2023) that explore combined use cardiogenic, epithelial, myogenic, tendon, vascular lineages. Using PubMed, identified analyzed 275 relevant articles based on search terms “Nanofibers”, “Electrospinning”, “Mesenchymal cells”, “Differentiation”. This review highlights critical advancements platform tissue By summarizing key findings from last decade, it provides valuable insights researchers clinicians aiming optimize scaffold design, integration, translational These could significantly influence future research directions development more effective regenerative therapies.

Language: Английский

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Synthetic Cathinones Induce Developmental Arrest, Reduce Reproductive Capacity, and Shorten Lifespan in the C. elegans Model

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 33 - 33

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Drug abuse presents a significant global health challenge as the illicit drug market progresses from classic drugs to growing prevalence of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), particularly synthetic cathinones, which, although illegal, are often falsely marketed safe and legal alternatives. The rapid increase in use these complicates assessment their safety effects on human health. However, they pose unique toxicological concerns that remain largely uncharacterized. This study investigated toxic three namely, methylone, pentedrone, 4-methylethcathinone (4-MEC), using model organism C. elegans. We assessed impact substances animal survival, development, reproductive behavior, longevity. Our results showed short-term exposure (24 h) concentrations 5.0 mM or higher significantly reduced survival rates, while prolonged (72 led more pronounced toxicity, reducing rates at low 1.0 mM. Moreover, sublethal resulted developmental arrest. Additionally, pentedrone impaired capacity, 4-MEC shortened elegans lifespan. These findings highlight urgent need for further investigation into implications cathinone through vivo models continues rise.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Mechanical Features of 3D Head and Neck Cancer Models

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 74 - 74

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents significant challenges in oncology due to its complex biology poor prognosis. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture models cannot replicate the intricate tumor microenvironment, limiting their usefulness studying disease mechanisms testing therapies. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) vitro provide more realistic platforms that better mimic architecture, mechanical features, cellular interactions of HNSCC. This review explores properties 3D developed for HNSCC research. It highlights key techniques, such as spheroids, organoids, bioprinted tissues, emphasizing ability simulate critical characteristics like hypoxia, drug resistance, metastasis. Particular attention is given stiffness, elasticity, dynamic behavior, highlighting how these emulate native tissues. By enhancing physiological relevance studies, offer potential revolutionize research facilitate development effective, personalized therapeutic strategies. bridges gap between preclinical clinical applications by summarizing providing guidance developing systems both biological advancing innovation cancer therapy.

Language: Английский

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