Toward a standardized methodology for sampling dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in the Neotropics: A critical review

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 1, 2023

Introduction The standardization of sampling protocols is imperative for robustly studying any taxonomic group. Replicable methods allow the comparison data between different spatial and temporal studies. In case dung beetles, one best-studied indicator groups in analyses environmental disturbance, a wide range collection methodologies are used, from basic pitfall traps to more complex or complementary such as mini-Winkler extractor. Also, types attractive baits, effort, durations, designs used beetle Variations methodological approaches particularly noted Neotropics, which may be related vast number biological strategies behavior beetles that inhabit this region. A lack unification Neotropical region makes cross-sectional analysis information impossible. Methods We performed compilation analytical review existing literature discussing most methodologies, their advantages disadvantages, specific cases particular models efficient. Results Pitfall baited with human excrement common method, but there variations structure trap. effect generated by flight interception traps, light direct collections, within microhabitats, exciting potential finding new species. Some extractor, fogging, very infrequently used. Discussion There was inclusion variation among Therefore, it necessary consider broader windows, include scales, seasons, years. Finally, we propose standard protocol depending on each objective, including methodology obtaining complete local inventories.

Language: Английский

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Species richness and beta diversity patterns of multiple taxa along an elevational gradient in pastured grasslands in the European Alps

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 27, 2020

Abstract To understand how diversity is distributed in space a fundamental aim for optimizing future species and community conservation. We examined parallel richness beta components of nine taxonomic groups along finite space, represented by pastured grasslands an elevational gradient. Beta diversity, which assumed to bridge local alpha regional gamma was partitioned into the two turnover nestedness analyzed at levels: from lowest elevation all other elevations, between neighboring elevations. Species vascular plants, butterflies, beetles, spiders earthworms showed hump-shaped relationship with increasing elevation, while it decreased linearly grasshoppers ants, but increased lichens bryophytes. For most groups, distance gradient decreased. With regard step-wise rates or did not change notably steps majority groups. Our results support assumption that communities occupying same habitat significantly however transition seems happen continuously detectable steps. findings, rather than delineating levels major losses, indicate conservation actions targeting preventive protection their environment mountainous regions require consideration entire spatial settings.

Language: Английский

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Deterministic processes drive turnover-dominated beta diversity of breeding birds along the central Himalayan elevation gradient

Avian Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15, P. 100170 - 100170

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Beta diversity, the variation of community composition among sites, bridges alpha and gamma diversity can reveal mechanisms assembly through applying distance-decay models and/or partitioning beta into turnover nestedness components from functional phylogenetic perspectives. Mountains as most natural experiment system provide good opportunities for exploring patterns underlying ecological processes. Here, we simultaneously consider multiple dimensions to examine spatial variations bird communities, evaluate relative importance niche-based neutral along a 3600-m elevational gradient in central Himalayas, China. Our results showed that species dominates taxonomic, functional, diversity. We observed strongest evidence distance decays taxonomic similarities birds, followed by its analogues. Turnover component was highest while Further, all correlations assemblage similarity with climatic were higher than distances. Standardized values overall their increase increasing distance, standardized decreased distance. highlighted deterministic processes shaping determined roles decreasing trend environmental filtering limiting elevation

Language: Английский

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 25, 2021

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations are critical for host-tree performance. However, how correlate with the latitudinal tree beta-diversity remains untested. Using a global dataset of 45 forest plots representing 2,804,270 trees across 3840 species, we test AM EcM contribute to total its components (turnover nestedness) all trees. We find rather than predominantly decreasing turnover increasing nestedness latitude, probably because wide distributions do not generate strong compositional differences among localities. Environmental variables, especially temperature precipitation, strongly correlated patterns both Results support our hypotheses that environmental effects on these highly dependent types. Our findings highlight importance AM-dominated forests conserving biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Small patches are hotspots for biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 108086 - 108086

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

In the past two decades, agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China has experienced dramatic habitat loss and fragmentation, patches remaining grassland have formed. However, it is still unclear how to prioritize biodiversity conservation in this fragmented landscape. Here, we investigated 84 Tabu River Basin, a typical area China. To determine priorities these patches, used new criterion called ecological uniqueness based on beta diversity. We further explored impact local habitat, dispersal process, patch characteristics uniqueness. Our results showed that turnover was dominant component regional diversity (accounting for 81.9%). identified 13 hotspots with high priority due their significant uniqueness, 9 which were small (<5 ha). Local explained more variation than process characteristics, precipitation heterogeneity key influencing factor. also found positive correlation between fractal dimension study suggests are landscape highlight necessary focus shape prioritization.

Language: Английский

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Beta diversity and specialization in plant–pollinator networks along an elevational gradient

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 46(7), P. 1598 - 1610

Published: June 4, 2019

Abstract Aim To assess whether the reduced nutritional resources available for pollinators due to plant community simplification along an elevational plant‐diversity gradient changes pollinator niche breadth and richness. Additionally, we evaluated how body size proboscis length of shifted gradient, these were related breadth. Location An (2,350–3,520 m a.s.l.) on oceanic high‐mountain strato‐volcano El Teide (Tenerife, Canary Islands). Taxon Flowering species. Methods We compared quantitative plant–pollinator networks gradient. calculated a set niche‐based topological metrics that capture degree specialization, overlap. Furthermore, obtained β‐diversity measures proportion replacement richness components. Results There was overall decline in species with increasing elevation. This mainly driven by loss which conformed nested subset pattern. The whole network showed less greater connectance lower modularity towards summit. At high elevations, more generalized selective their flower choice, showing trophic at elevations. Mean increased elevation, positively associated number visited. Main conclusions Overall, results indicated filters species, probably according thermal tolerance ability exploit wide range resources. finding become opportunistic higher elevations is novel result, may have implications new research into ecological vary over environmental gradients. From applied perspective, our highlight importance considering spatial variation assemblages when aiming construct functionally reliable interaction

Language: Английский

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Biotic homogenization increases with human intervention: implications for mangrove wetland restoration

Ecography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2022(4)

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

The large‐scale conversion of natural mangroves to aquaculture reduces species richness and diversity. Large areas abandoned ponds in where formerly predominated China southeast Asia represent important potential effective targets for mangrove restoration. Here, we empirically assessed the α‐diversity (species richness) β‐diversity (variation community composition) mangrove, macrobenthos, fish waterbird a tropical bay on Hainan Island, China. We compared sites subjected different pond‐to‐mangrove restoration programs more than 20 years ago (passive without planting active with planting) nearby reference site forests mudflats. To better understand how responds restoration, also distinguished between turnover nestedness (richness difference). In general, values both communities macrobenthos were lower at site, suggesting that strong homogenizing effects anthropogenic habitat alternation still apparent after since ceased. addition, spatial turnover, not nestedness, dominated total across whole study area individual sites, multiple processes, such as environmental filtering, helped shape multi‐taxa structures. Moreover, found no evidence ponds, addition standard hydrological supported greater diversity taxa like naturally regenerated years' recovery. Our results underline importance avoiding stands wherever possible urgent need design techniques Asia.

Language: Английский

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Taxonomic dependency of beta diversity components in benthic communities of bacteria, diatoms and chironomids along a water-depth gradient

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 741, P. 140462 - 140462

Published: June 24, 2020

Language: Английский

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Species richness and β-diversity patterns of macrolichens along elevation gradients across the Himalayan Arc

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2021

Abstract Understanding the species richness and β-diversity patterns along elevation gradients can aid in formulating effective conservation strategies particularly areas where local anthropogenic stresses climate change are quite significant as Himalaya. Thus, we studied macrolichen elevational at three sites, namely Kashmir (2200 to 3800 m a.m.s.l), Uttarakhand (2000–3700 a.m.s.l) Sikkim (1700 4000 which cover much of Indian Himalayan Arc. In all, 245 belonging 77 genera 26 families were collected from sites. Only 11 species, 20 common among transects. Despite differences composition, dominant functional groups sites same: foliose, fruticose corticolous forms. The hump-shaped pattern was exhibited by most lichen groups, though an inverse also observed certain cases. (β sor ) based on all pairs comparisons gradient varied 0.48 0.58 Kashmir, 0.03 0.63 0.46 0.77 Sikkim. contribution turnover more than nestedness Along its components significantly with elevation. While increased transects, decreased transects but transect. Except for transect, stepwise did not vary present study, first kind region, clearly brings out that richness, β-diversity, across It highlights is higher comparison variations diversity underpin importance considering planning strategies.

Language: Английский

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Temporal species stability underpins the link between biodiversity and human health

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 278, P. 121728 - 121728

Published: April 28, 2025

Biodiversity is known to impact human health, but the complex relationships between species diversity and health outcomes poorly understood. Measuring temporal dissimilarity in composition can be leveraged understand stability of biodiversity corresponding effects on such as life expectancy at birth, cause-specific mortality rates. We collected nearly 400 million bird observations from 2010 2019 county level US, clustered each into specific pattern groups by characteristics, performed multivariable linear regressions with indicators. Our analyses showed that reduced replacement (regression coefficient -2.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.06 -1.47) less variation nested loss or gain -1.86, 95%CI -2.56, -1.16) were associated increased expectancy. Human communities exposed more stable regional demonstrated a longer average expectancy, decreased rates high-burden diseases (e.g., neoplasms, respiratory system, cardiovascular diseases), age-specific risk. The results adjusted for other influential factors accounted richness. study provides epidemiological evidence importance regarding highlighting pressing need preserve enhance stability. It offers fresh perspectives global crisis emphasizes potential health.

Language: Английский

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