Ecological niche models and species distribution models in marine environments: A literature review and spatial analysis of evidence

Ecological Modelling, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 415, P. 108837 - 108837

Published: Nov. 14, 2019

Language: Английский

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Climate change as a global amplifier of human–wildlife conflict

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 224 - 234

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Hot spots of unseen fishing vessels

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(44)

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing incurs an annual cost of up to US$25 billion in economic losses, results substantial losses aquatic life, has been linked human rights violations. Vessel tracking data from the automatic identification system (AIS) are powerful tools for combating IUU, yet AIS transponders can be disabled, reducing its efficacy as a surveillance tool. We present global dataset disabling commercial fisheries, which obscures 6% (>4.9 M hours) vessel activity. Disabling hot spots were located near exclusive zones (EEZs) Argentina West African nations Northwest Pacific, all regions IUU concern. was highest transshipment EEZ boundaries, particularly contested ones. also found links between location hiding competitors pirates. These inferences on where why activities obscured provide valuable information improve fisheries management.

Language: Английский

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Machine learning in marine ecology: an overview of techniques and applications

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(7), P. 1829 - 1853

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Abstract Machine learning covers a large set of algorithms that can be trained to identify patterns in data. Thanks the increase amount data and computing power available, it has become pervasive across scientific disciplines. We first highlight why machine is needed marine ecology. Then we provide quick primer on techniques vocabulary. built database ∼1000 publications implement such analyse ecology For various types (images, optical spectra, acoustics, omics, geolocations, biogeochemical profiles, satellite imagery), present historical perspective applications proved influential, serve as templates for new work, or represent diversity approaches. Then, illustrate how used better understand ecological systems, by combining sources Through this coverage literature, demonstrate an proportion studies use learning, pervasiveness images source, dominance classification-type problems, shift towards deep all types. This overview meant guide researchers who wish apply methods their datasets.

Language: Английский

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Trade‐offs in covariate selection for species distribution models: a methodological comparison

Ecography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 11 - 24

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Species distribution models (SDMs) are a common approach to describing species’ space‐use and spatially‐explicit abundance. With myriad of model types, methods parameterization options available, it is challenging make informed decisions about how build robust SDMs appropriate for given purpose. One key component SDM development the covariates, such as inclusion covariates that reflect underlying processes (e.g. abiotic biotic covariates) act proxies unobserved space time covariates). It unclear different apportion variance among suite influence accuracy performance. To examine trade‐offs in covariation SDMs, we explore attribution spatiotemporal environmental variation across SDMs. We first used simulated species distributions with known preferences compare three types SDM: machine learning (boosted regression tree), semi‐parametric (generalized additive model) mixed‐effects (vector autoregressive model, VAST). then applied same comparative framework case study fish (arrowtooth flounder, pacific cod walleye pollock) eastern Bering Sea, USA. Model type covariate both had significant effects on found including either or typically reproduced patterns abundance tested, but performance was maximized when framework. Our results reveal current generation tools between accurately estimating abundance, spatial patterns, quantifying species–environment relationships. These comparisons can help users better understand sources bias estimate error.

Language: Английский

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Best practice guidelines for cetacean tagging

IWC Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 27 - 66

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Animal-borne electronic instruments (tags) are valuable tools for collecting information on cetacean physiology, behaviour and ecology, forenhancing conservation management policies populations. Tags allow researchers to track the movement patterns, habitat use andother aspects of animals that otherwise difficult observe. They can even be used monitor physiology a taggedanimal within its changing environment. Such tags ideal identifying predicting responses anthropogenic threats, thus facilitating thedevelopment robust mitigation measures. With increasing need data best provided by tagging availability tags, suchresearch is becoming more common. Tagging can, however, pose risks health welfare cetaceans personnel involved in taggingoperations. Here we provide ‘best practice’ recommendations tag design, deployment follow-up assessment tagged individuals,compiled biologists veterinarians with significant experience tagging. This paper intended serve as resource assist tagusers, veterinarians, ethics committees regulatory agency staff implementation high standards practice, promote trainingof specialists this area. Standardised terminology describing design illustrations types attachment sites provided, alongwith protocols testing (both remote through capture-release), including training operators. The recommendationsemphasise importance ensuring ethically scientifically justified particular project only toaddress bona fide research or questions addressed tagging, supported an exploration alternative methods.Recommendations minimising effects individual (e.g. careful selection individual, implantsterilisation) improving knowledge increased post-tagging monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal-to-interannual prediction of North American coastal marine ecosystems: Forecast methods, mechanisms of predictability, and priority developments

Progress In Oceanography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 102307 - 102307

Published: Feb. 20, 2020

Marine ecosystem forecasting is an area of active research and rapid development. Promise has been shown for skillful prediction physical, biogeochemical, ecological variables on a range timescales, suggesting potential forecasts to aid in the management living marine resources coastal communities. However, mechanisms underlying forecast skill ecosystems are often poorly understood, many forecasts, especially biological variables, rely empirical statistical relationships developed from historical observations. Here, we review dynamical methods highlight examples their application along U.S. coastlines seasonal-to-interannual (1–24 month) properties ranging sea level top predator distributions. We then describe known governing predictability how they have used date. These include physical atmospheric oceanic processes, biogeochemical responses forcing, intrinsic characteristics species themselves. In reviewing state knowledge techniques predictability, aim facilitate development uptake by (i) identifying processes that can be exploited regional (ii) informing priorities verification, (iii) improving understanding conditional (i.e., priori whether likely skillful). While focus primarily surrounding North America (and particular), detail methods, mechanisms, priority developments globally relevant.

Language: Английский

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Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world’s largest fish, the whale shark

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(20)

Published: May 9, 2022

Significance Global vessel traffic is increasing alongside world economic growth. The potential for rising lethal ship strikes on endangered species of marine megafauna, such as the plankton-feeding whale shark, remains poorly understood since areas highest overlap are seldom determined across an entire range. Here we show how satellite tracking sharks and large movements globally provides a means to localize high-overlap determine collision risk changes in time. Our results point high levels undetected or unreported strikes, which may explain why shark populations continue decline despite protection low fishing-induced mortality. Collision mitigations high-collision-risk appear necessary help conserve this iconic species.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of marine heatwaves on top predator distributions are variable but predictable

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

Abstract Marine heatwaves cause widespread environmental, biological, and socio-economic impacts, placing them at the forefront of 21st-century management challenges. However, vary in intensity evolution, a paucity information on how this variability impacts marine species limits our ability to proactively manage for these extreme events. Here, we model effects four recent (2014, 2015, 2019, 2020) Northeastern Pacific distributions 14 top predator ecological, cultural, commercial importance. Predicted responses were highly variable across heatwaves, ranging from near total loss habitat two-fold increase. Heatwaves rapidly altered political bio-geographies, with up 10% predicted all shifting jurisdictions during individual heatwaves. The portends need novel solutions that can respond climate As proof-of-concept, developed an operational dynamic ocean tool predicts conditions real-time.

Language: Английский

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Widespread habitat loss and redistribution of marine top predators in a changing ocean

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(32)

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

The Northwest Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico are among the fastest warming ocean regions, a trend that is expected to continue through this century with far-reaching implications for marine ecosystems. We examine distribution 12 highly migratory top predator species using predictive models project habitat changes downscaled climate models. Our predict widespread losses suitable most species, concurrent substantial northward displacement core habitats >500 km. These include up >70% loss area some commercially ecologically important species. also identify predicted hot spots multi-species focused offshore U.S. Southeast Mid-Atlantic coasts. For several already underway, which likely have impacts on efficacy static regulatory frameworks used manage ongoing projected effects change highlight urgent need adaptively proactively dynamic

Language: Английский

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