Shifting microbial communities can enhance tree tolerance to changing climates

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6647), P. 835 - 840

Published: May 25, 2023

Climate change is pushing species outside of their evolved tolerances. Plant populations must acclimate, adapt, or migrate to avoid extinction. However, because plants associate with diverse microbial communities that shape phenotypes, shifts in associations may provide an alternative source climate tolerance. Here, we show tree seedlings inoculated sourced from drier, warmer, colder sites displayed higher survival when faced drought, heat, cold stress, respectively. Microbially mediated drought tolerance was associated increased diversity arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, whereas lower fungal richness, likely reflecting a reduced burden nonadapted taxa. Understanding microbially enhance our ability predict and manage the adaptability forest ecosystems changing climates.

Language: Английский

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Shifts in native tree species distributions in Europe under climate change

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 373, P. 123504 - 123504

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Functional Signatures of Surface Pollen and Vegetation Are Broadly Similar: Good News for Past Reconstructions of Vegetation

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Pollen assemblages are widely used to infer paleoenvironment features, aiming at reconstructing both past climates and biomes. However, the functional link between environmental conditions pollen is not straightforward requires thorough testing be confidently. Here, we use a trait‐based approach assess consistency of signatures plant assemblages. Location Arid Central Asia (ACA). Taxon Spermatophytes (pollen‐producing plants). Methods We whether trait values distributions consistent for surface samples extant vegetation in biogeographic region. A working checklist was compiled ACA order assign types taxa. This done two methods aggregation schemes (coarse fine type depend on level identification). The were compared taxon community levels, using large‐scale databases, six traits global spectrum form function (i.e., height, seed mass, leaf area, specific nitrogen content per stem‐specific density). Results Trait bivariate relationships broadly similar taxa, which also case multivariate spaces function. At scale, weighted by abundance significantly differed among biomes, these differences extant. Main Conclusions scheme does impact organisation space function, compares well with that based species actually present plots. true scale. These findings very promising improving climate biome reconstructions from pave way “pollen biogeography”.

Language: Английский

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Climate change-related distributional range shifts of venomous snakes: a predictive modelling study of effects on public health and biodiversity

The Lancet Planetary Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. e163 - e171

Published: March 1, 2024

BackgroundClimate change is expected to have profound effects on the distribution of venomous snake species, including reductions in biodiversity and changes patterns envenomation humans domestic animals. We estimated effect future climate species potential knock-on public health.MethodsWe built models based geographical 209 medically relevant (WHO categories 1 2) present climatic variables, used these project 2070. incorporated different scenarios into model, which we estimate loss gain areas potentially suitable for each species. also assessed countries were likely new as a result crossing national borders. integrated with socioeconomic would become more vulnerable snakebites 2070.FindingsOur results suggest that substantial losses survival most will occur by However, some high risk health could climatically habitation. Countries such Niger, Namibia, China, Nepal, Myanmar several from neighbouring countries. Furthermore, combination an increase factors (including low-income rural populations) means southeast Asia Africa (and Uganda, Kenya, Bangladesh, India, Thailand particular) increased vulnerability future, human veterinary health.InterpretationLoss affect ecosystem functioning valuable genetic resources. Additionally, create challenges countries, particularly Africa. The international community needs its efforts counter coming decades.FundingGerman Research Foundation, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Coordenação Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal Nível Superior, German Centre Integrative Biodiversity Research, Ministerio Ciencia Innovación España, European Regional Development Fund.

Language: Английский

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Intercomparison of global foliar trait maps reveals fundamental differences and limitations of upscaling approaches

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 311, P. 114276 - 114276

Published: June 27, 2024

Foliar traits such as specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations play important roles in plant economic strategies ecosystem functioning.Various global maps of these foliar have been generated using statistical upscaling approaches based on in-situ trait observations.Here, we intercompare upscaled at 0.5 • spatial resolution (six for SLA, five N, three P), categorize the used to generate them, evaluate with estimates from a database vegetation plots (sPlotOpen).We disentangled contributions different functional types (PFTs) quantified impacts plot-level metrics evaluation sPlotOpen: community weighted mean (CWM) top-of-canopy (TWM).We found that SLA N differ drastically fall into two groups are almost uncorrelated (for P only one group were available).The primary factor explaining differences between is use PFT information combined remote sensing-derived land cover products while other mostly relied environmental predictors alone.The corresponding exhibit considerable similarities patterns strongly driven by cover.The not PFTs show lower level similarity tend be individual variables.Upscaled both moderately correlated sPlotOpen data aggregated grid-cell (R = 0.2-0.6)when processing way consistent respective approaches, including metric (CWM or TWM) scaling grid cells without accounting fractional impact TWM CWM was relevant, but considerably smaller than information.The better reproduce between-PFT data, performed similarly capturing within-PFT variation.Our findings highlight importance explicitly within-grid-cell variation, which has implications applications existing future efforts.Remote sensing great potential reduce uncertainties related observations regression-based mapping steps involved upscaling.

Language: Английский

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Conservation Letter: Effects of Global Climate Change on Raptors1

Journal of Raptor Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Global prediction of gross primary productivity under future climate change

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 912, P. 169239 - 169239

Published: Dec. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Tree aboveground biomass increment and mortality in temperate mountain forests: Tracing dynamic changes along 25-year monitoring period

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 540, P. 121054 - 121054

Published: April 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Biome classification influences current and projected future biome distributions

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 259 - 271

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Abstract Aim Biome classification schemes are widely used to map biogeographic patterns of vegetation formations on large spatial scales. Future climate change will influence biome patterns, and models can be assess the susceptibility biomes experience transitions. However, is not unique, various maps exist. Here, we aimed how choice influences current projected future patterns. Location Africa, Australia, Tropical Asia. Time period 2000–2099. Major taxa studied vegetation. Methods We adaptive dynamic global model version 2 (aDGVM2) simulate in study region. classified into using (1) a scheme based cover functional types, (2) cluster analysis types (3) trait simulated by aDGVM2. compared resulting multiple observation‐based quantified differences changes under RCP8.5 scenario for different schemes. Results As expected, were strongly related classification. The highest data‐model agreement was derived 21 traits. Traits size most important Considering all schemes, area undergo transitions varied between 16.5% 32.1%. Despite this variability, consistently showed that grassland savanna areas susceptible change, whereas tropical forests deserts stable. Our results demonstrate traits aDGVM2 appropriate delimit biomes. Main conclusions Studies projecting should consider applying avoid biases such projections caused

Language: Английский

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Global leaf‐trait mapping based on optimality theory

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(7), P. 1152 - 1162

Published: April 14, 2023

Abstract Aim Leaf traits are central to plant function, and key variables in ecosystem models. However recently published global trait maps, made by applying statistical or machine‐learning techniques large compilations of environmental data, differ substantially from one another. This paper aims demonstrate the potential an alternative approach, based on eco‐evolutionary optimality theory, yield predictions spatio‐temporal patterns leaf that can be independently evaluated. Innovation Global community‐mean specific area (SLA) photosynthetic capacity ( V cmax ) predicted climate via existing Then nitrogen per unit N mass inferred using their (previously derived) empirical relationships SLA . Trait data thus reserved for testing model across sites. Temporal trends also predicted, as consequences change, compared those leaf‐level measurements and/or remote‐sensing methods, which increasingly important source information variation traits. Main conclusions Model evaluated against site‐mean > 2,000 sites Plant database yielded R 2 = 73% SLA, 38% 28% Declining species‐level , increasing community‐level have both been reported were correctly predicted. Leaf‐trait mapping theory holds promise macroecological applications, including improved understanding community leaf‐trait responses change.

Language: Английский

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