Spatial variation in diet–microbe associations across populations of a generalist North American carnivore DOI

A. Shawn Colborn,

Corbin C. Kuntze, Gabriel I. Gadsden

et al.

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 89(8), P. 1952 - 1960

Published: May 23, 2020

Abstract Generalist species, by definition, exhibit variation in niche attributes that promote survival changing environments. Increasingly, phenotypes previously associated with a particularly those wide or expanding ranges, are dissolving and compelling greater emphasis on population‐level characteristics. In the present study, we assessed spatial diet characteristics, gut microbiome associations between these two ecological traits across populations of coyotes Canis latrans . We highlight influence carnivore community shaping relationships, as coyote varied from being an apex predator to subordinate, mesopredator sampled populations. implemented scat survey three distinct Michigan, USA. used carbon (δ 13 C) nitrogen 15 N) isotopic values reflect consumption patterns trophic level, respectively. Corresponding samples were also paired 16S rRNA sequencing describe microbial correlate values. Although comparable, found level among Specifically, δ N was highest where lowest co‐occurred grey wolves lupus The exhibited marked operational taxonomic units diversity occurred at their level. Bacteriodes Fusobacterium dominated positively correlated all no correlation C attributes. However, positive specific genera increased ascended levels. Coyotes provide model for exploring implications plasticity because they highly adaptable, wide‐ranging omnivore. As continue vary position expand geographic range, might expect divergence within community, changes physiology alterations behaviour.

Language: Английский

A review of sarcoptic mange in North American wildlife DOI Creative Commons
Kevin D. Niedringhaus, Justin D. Brown,

Kellyn M. Sweeley

et al.

International Journal for Parasitology Parasites and Wildlife, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 285 - 297

Published: June 13, 2019

The "itch mite" or "mange mite",

Language: Английский

Citations

72
From wetland specialist to hand-fed generalist: shifts in diet and condition with provisioning for a recently urbanized wading bird DOI Open Access
Maureen H. Murray,

Anjelika D. Kidd,

Shannon E. Curry

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 373(1745), P. 20170100 - 20170100

Published: March 12, 2018

Many wildlife species shift their diets to use novel resources in urban areas. The consequences of these shifts are not well known, and consumption reliable—but low quality—anthropogenic food may present important trade-offs for health. This be especially true carnivorous such as the American white ibis ( Eudocimus albus ), a nomadic wading bird which has been increasingly observed parks South Florida, USA. We tested effects anthropogenic provisioning on consumer nutrition (i.e. dietary protein), body condition ectoparasite burdens along an gradient using stable isotope analysis, scaled mass index values GPS transmitter data. Ibises that assimilated more provisioned were captured at sites, used habitat, had lower mass–length residuals, scores, less δ 15N smaller isotopic ellipses. Our results suggest ibises areas heavily with food, appears offer trade-off by providing low-quality, but easily accessible, calories support high increase time available anti-parasite behaviours preening. Understanding is investigating infection risk conservation human-modified habitats. article part theme issue ‘Anthropogenic resource subsidies host–parasite dynamics wildlife’.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Urban Compost Attracts Coyotes, Contains Toxins, and may Promote Disease in Urban-Adapted Wildlife DOI
Maureen H. Murray,

Jesse Hill,

Peter Whyte

et al.

EcoHealth, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 285 - 292

Published: April 22, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

63
An altered microbiome in urban coyotes mediates relationships between anthropogenic diet and poor health DOI Creative Commons
Scott Sugden, Dana Sanderson,

Kyra Ford

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

Generalist species able to exploit anthropogenic food sources are becoming increasingly common in urban environments. Coyotes (Canis latrans) one such generalist that now resides cities across North America, where diseased or unhealthy coyotes frequently reported cases of human-wildlife conflict. Coyote health and fitness may be related habitat use diet via the gut microbiome, which has far-reaching effects on animal nutrition physiology. In this study, we used stomach contents, stable isotope analysis, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, measures body condition identify relationships among use, diet, fecal microbiome composition, rural coyotes. Three distinct emerged: (1) Urban consumed more food, was associated with increased diversity, higher abundances Streptococcus Enterococcus, poorer average condition. (2) Conversely, harbored microbiomes rich Fusobacteria, Sutterella, Anaerobiospirillum, were protein-rich diets improved (3) Diets Erysipelotrichiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Coriobacteriaceae, correlated larger spleens also had an prevalence zoonotic parasite Echinococcus multilocularis, but there no detectable connections between infection composition. Our results demonstrate how consumption carbohydrate-rich by alters negatively affect condition, potential susceptibility conflict-prone behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Terrestrial mammals of the Americas and their interactions with plastic waste DOI Open Access
Félix Ayala, Martín Zeta-Flores, Sonia Ramos-Baldárrago

et al.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(20), P. 57759 - 57770

Published: March 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Predictable features attract urban coyotes to residential yards DOI
Maureen H. Murray, Colleen Cassady St. Clair

Journal of Wildlife Management, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 81(4), P. 593 - 600

Published: Feb. 7, 2017

ABSTRACT Several species of urban‐adapted carnivores, including coyotes ( Canis latrans ), use anthropogenic resources in residential areas, which may increase rates encounters and conflict with people. These negative interactions might be reduced more understanding individual variation the areas if attractants were better predicted by residents targeted for securement or removal. We fitted 19 urban global positioning system (GPS) collars (11 healthy, 8 sarcoptic mange [ Sarcoptes scabiei ]) compared their selection at different times day. also identified 173 clusters GPS locations (representing foraging bedding sites) paired them available sites to measure food, shelter, visual cover. Seventeen avoided general, but lesser avoidance occurred animals that used these during Backyards selected 66.7 less likely have fences, 22.2 contain had 3.3 as much cover than yards. Diseased 9 healthy select yards food. Our results suggest coarse measurements habitat via land classes underestimate attraction wildlife particular features areas. Greater management municipal governments, residents, communities reduce animal use, disease transmission, human‐wildlife diverse © 2017 The Wildlife Society.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Individual dietary specialization in a generalist predator: A stable isotope analysis of urban and rural red foxes DOI Creative Commons
Carolin Scholz, Jasmin Firozpoor, Stephanie Kramer‐Schadt

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(16), P. 8855 - 8870

Published: July 17, 2020

Abstract Some carnivores are known to survive well in urban habitats, yet the underlying behavioral tactics poorly understood. One likely explanation for success habitats might be that generalist consumers. However, populations of could as consist specialist feeders. Here, we compared isotopic specialization red foxes and rural environments, using both a population an individual level perspective. We measured stable isotope ratios increments fox whiskers potential food sources. Our results reveal have broad dietary niche large variation resource use. Despite this variation, found significant differences between variance δ 13 C 15 N values, suggesting habitat‐specific foraging behavior. Although regions more heterogeneous regarding land cover (based on Shannon index) than regions, range was smaller with conspecifics. Moreover, higher values lower suggest relatively high input anthropogenic The diet most individuals remained largely constant over longer period. low intraindividual variability suggests proportion items consumed by individuals. Urban utilized small potentially available indicated within‐individual between‐individual variation. conclude specialists at least those periods covered our study.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Behavioral Causes, Ecological Consequences, and Management Challenges Associated with Wildlife Foraging in Human-Modified Landscapes DOI Creative Commons
Gaëlle Fehlmann, M. Justin O’Riain, Ines Fürtbauer

et al.

BioScience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2020

Humans have altered up to half of the world's land surface. Wildlife living within or close these human-modified landscapes are presented with opportunities and risks associated feeding on human-derived foods (e.g., agricultural crops food waste). Understanding whether how wildlife adapts is a major challenge, thousands studies published topic over past 10 years. In present article, we build established theoretical frameworks understand behavioral causes crop urban foraging by wildlife. We then develop extend this framework describe multifaceted ecological consequences for individuals populations in which they arise, emphasis social species interactions people are, balance, negative (commonly referred as raiding species). Finally, discuss management challenges faced rural managers, businesses, government organizations mitigating human-wildlife conflicts propose ways improve lives both humans promote coexistence.

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Downtown diet: a global meta-analysis of increased urbanization on the diets of vertebrate predators DOI Creative Commons
Siria Gámez, Abigail Potts, Kirby L. Mills

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 289(1970)

Published: March 2, 2022

Predation is a fundamental ecological process that shapes communities and drives evolutionary dynamics. As the world rapidly urbanizes, it critical to understand how human perturbations alter predation meat consumption across taxa. We conducted meta-analysis quantify effects of urban environments on three components trophic ecology in predators: dietary species richness, evenness stable isotopic ratios (IRs) ( δ 13 C 15 N IR). evaluated whether intensity anthropogenic pressure, using footprint index (HFI), explained variation effect sizes attributes meta-regression. calculated Hedges’ g from 44 studies including 11 986 samples 40 predatory 39 cities globally. The direction magnitude varied among predator taxa with reptilian diets exhibiting most sensitivity urbanization. Effect revealed predators had comparable diet nitrogen ratios, though carbon IRs were more enriched cities. found neither 1993 nor 2009 HFI editions size variation. Our study provides, our knowledge, first assessment urbanization has perturbed predator–prey interactions for multiple at global scale. conclude functional role conserved does not inherently relax predation, despite broadening include food sources such as sugar, wheat corn.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Urban foxes are bolder but not more innovative than their rural conspecifics DOI Creative Commons
F. Blake Morton, Marieke Cassia Gartner,

Ellie-Mae Norrie

et al.

Animal Behaviour, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 101 - 113

Published: July 27, 2023

Urbanization is the fastest form of landscape transformation on planet, but researchers' understanding relationships between urbanization and animal behaviour still in its infancy. In terms foraging, bold innovative behaviours are proposed to help urban animals access, utilize exploit novel anthropogenic food sources. Red foxes, Vulpes vulpes, one most widespread carnivores planet. However, despite frequent stories, images videos portraying them as 'pests' areas due their exploitation food-related objects (e.g. raiding contents outdoor bins), it unknown whether they bolder more likelihood exploiting these resources compared rural populations. current study, we gave foxes from 104 locations (one object per location) across a large urban–rural gradient. To access food, had use necessary for many real world biting, pushing, pulling or lifting human-made materials). Despite 96 acknowledging objects, 31 touched them, while 12 gained inside. A principal component analysis other variables road, greenspace human population density) revealed that was significantly positively related touching, not exploiting, objects. Thus, may be than populations willingness physically touch our findings inconsistent with notion pose general nuisance people by regularly geographical scale.

Language: Английский

Citations

14