Genetics of dispersal

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 93(1), P. 574 - 599

Published: Aug. 3, 2017

Dispersal is a process of central importance for the ecological and evolutionary dynamics populations communities, because its diverse consequences gene flow demography. It subject to change, which begs question, what genetic basis this potentially complex trait? To address we (i) review empirical literature on dispersal, (ii) explore how theoretical investigations evolution dispersal have represented genetics (iii) discuss influences predictions potential consequences. has detectable in many organisms, from bacteria plants animals. Generally, there evidence significant variation or dispersal-related phenotypes micro-evolution natural populations. typically outcome several interacting traits, complexity reflected architecture: while some genes moderate large effect can influence certain aspects traits are polygenic. Correlations among as well between other under selection common, be highly environment-dependent. By contrast, models historically considered simplified architecture dispersal. only recently that started consider multiple loci influencing non-additive effects such dominance epistasis, showing rates outcomes, especially non-equilibrium conditions. For example, number controlling projected during range shifts corresponding demographic impacts. Incorporating more realism thus necessary enable move beyond purely towards making useful current future environmental inform these advances, studies need answer outstanding questions concerning whether specific underlie variation, context-dependent behaviours, correlations traits.

Language: Английский

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Adaptation, speciation and extinction in the Anthropocene

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 285(1891), P. 20182047 - 20182047

Published: Nov. 14, 2018

Humans have dramatically altered the planet over course of a century, from acidity our oceans to fragmentation landscapes and temperature climate. Species find themselves in novel environments, within communities assembled never before encountered mixtures invasives natives. The speed with which biotic abiotic environment species has changed already evolutionary trajectory species, trend that promises escalate. In this article, I reflect upon evolution. Human activities reshaped selection pressures, favouring individuals better survive built landscapes, avoid hunting fishing, best tolerate we introduced. Human-altered pressures also modified how organisms live move through landscape, even nature reproduction genome structure. are shaping at level, discuss traits affecting both extinction speciation rates Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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A long winter for the Red Queen: rethinking the evolution of seasonal migration

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 94(3), P. 737 - 752

Published: Nov. 4, 2018

Abstract This paper advances an hypothesis that the primary adaptive driver of seasonal migration is maintenance site fidelity to familiar breeding locations. We argue therefore principally adaptation for geographic persistence when confronted with seasonality – analogous hibernation, freeze tolerance, or other organismal adaptations cyclically fluctuating environments. These ideas stand in contrast traditional views bird evolved as dispersal strategy exploiting new areas and avoiding competitors. Our synthesis supported by a large body research on avian biology demonstrates reproductive benefits breeding‐site fidelity. Conceptualizing places emphasis understanding evolutionary trade‐offs between migratory behaviour environments both within across species. Seasonality‐induced departures from areas, coupled maintaining fidelity, also provide mechanism explaining evolution agnostic origin lineages (i.e. temperate tropical). Thus, our framework reconciles much conflict previous historical biogeography Although range change fluidly rapidly many populations, we loss plasticity via canalization overlooked aspect dynamics helps explain idiosyncratic distributions routes long‐distance migrants. synthesis, which revolves around insight organisms travel long distances simply stay same place, provides necessary context biogeographic patterns well ecological connectivity non‐breeding

Language: Английский

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Connecting models, data, and concepts to understand fragmentation's ecosystem‐wide effects

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 1 - 8

Published: Dec. 22, 2016

Language: Английский

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Demographic and genetic approaches to study dispersal in wild animal populations: A methodological review

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 27(20), P. 3976 - 4010

Published: Aug. 29, 2018

Abstract Dispersal is a central process in ecology and evolution. At the individual level, three stages of dispersal (i.e., emigration, transience immigration) are affected by complex interactions between phenotypes environmental factors. Condition‐ context‐dependent have far‐reaching consequences, both for demography genetic structuring natural populations adaptive processes. From an applied point view, also deeply affects spatial dynamics their ability to respond land‐use changes, habitat degradation climate change. For these reasons, has received considerable attention from ecologists evolutionary biologists. Demographic methods allow quantifying non‐effective followed or not successful reproduction) effective with investigate how factors affect different process. Over past decade, demographic designed quantify rapidly evolved but researchers two fields limited. We here review recent developments study wild animal populations. present strengths limits, as well applicability depending on objectives population characteristics. propose unified framework allowing combine select more suitable tools address broad range important topics about evolution its consequences genetics.

Language: Английский

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Behavioural ecology at the spatial–social interface

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(3), P. 868 - 886

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

ABSTRACT Spatial and social behaviour are fundamental aspects of an animal's biology, their spatial environments indelibly linked through mutual causes shared consequences. We define the ‘spatial–social interface’ as intersection individuals' phenotypes environments. Behavioural variation at spatial–social interface has implications for ecological evolutionary processes including pathogen transmission, population dynamics, evolution systems. link a foundation theory, vocabulary, methods. provide examples future directions integration introduce key concepts approaches that either implicitly or explicitly integrate processes, example, graph density‐dependent habitat selection, niche specialization. Finally, we discuss how movement ecology helps interface. Our review integrates behavioural identifies testable hypotheses

Language: Английский

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Seed‐dispersal interactions in fragmented landscapes – a metanetwork approach

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 484 - 493

Published: Jan. 24, 2018

Abstract Mutualistic interactions repeatedly preserved across fragmented landscapes can scale‐up to form a spatial metanetwork describing the distribution of patches. We explored structure bird seed‐dispersal ( BSD ) in 16 Neotropical forest fragments test whether distinct subset ‐interactions may mediate landscape functional connectivity. The is interaction‐rich, modular and poorly connected, showing high beta‐diversity turnover species interactions. Interactions involving large‐sized were lost < 10 000 ha, indicating strong filtering by habitat fragmentation on diversity ‐interactions. Persistent performed small‐seeded, fast growing plant generalist, small‐bodied able cross landscape. This reduced forms components persisting defaunation fragmentation, generate long‐term deficits carbon storage while delaying regeneration at level.

Language: Английский

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Eco‐evolutionary dynamics in fragmented landscapes

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 9 - 25

Published: Sept. 29, 2016

It is widely recognized that ecological dynamics influence evolutionary dynamics, and conversely changes alter processes. Because fragmentation impacts all biological levels (from individuals to ecosystems) through isolation reduced habitat size, it strongly affects the links among processes such as population local adaptation, dispersal speciation. Here, we review our current knowledge of eco‐evolutionary in fragmented landscapes, focusing on both theory experimental studies. We then suggest future directions study and/or feedbacks especially bridge gap between theoretical predictions validations.

Language: Английский

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Determinants and Consequences of Dispersal in Vertebrates with Complex Life Cycles: A Review of Pond-Breeding Amphibians

The Quarterly Review of Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(1), P. 1 - 36

Published: Feb. 14, 2020

Dispersal is a central process in ecology and evolution. It strongly influences the dynamics of spatially structured populations affects evolutionary processes by shaping patterns gene flow. For these reasons, dispersal has received considerable attention from ecologists, biologists, conservationists. Although it been studied extensively taxa such as birds mammals, much less known about vertebrates with complex life cycles pond-breeding amphibians. Over past two decades, researchers have taken an ever-increasing interest amphibian initiated both basic applied studies, using broad range experimental observational approaches. This body research reveals patterns, causations, syndromes, dramatic consequences for demography genetics populations. In this review, our goals are to: redefine clarify concept dispersal; review current knowledge effects individual (i.e., condition-dependent dispersal) environmental context-dependent factors during three stages emigration, transience, immigration); identify demographic genetic populations; propose new avenues to extend understanding dispersal.

Language: Английский

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Eco‐evolutionary dynamics of range expansion

Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 101(10)

Published: July 22, 2020

Abstract Understanding the movement of species’ ranges is a classic ecological problem that takes on urgency in this era global change. Historically treated as purely process, range expansion now understood to involve eco‐evolutionary feedbacks due spatial genetic structure emerges populations spread. We synthesize empirical and theoretical work dynamics expansion, with emphasis bridging directional, deterministic processes favor evolved increases dispersal demographic traits stochastic lead random fixation alleles traits. develop framework for understanding joint influence these changing mean variance speed its underlying Our synthesis recent laboratory experiments supports consistent role evolution accelerating average, highlights unexpected diversity how can variability speed: results not well predicted by current theory. discuss evaluate support three classes modifiers (landscape context, trait genetics, biotic interactions), identify emerging themes, suggest new directions future field stands increase relevance move response

Language: Английский

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