Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) and vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT): Brighton Collaboration case definitions and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunisation safety data

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(7), P. 1799 - 1811

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

This is a revision of the online November 2021 Brighton thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) case definition and new Collaboration for vaccine-induced immune (VITT). These definitions are intended use in clinical trials post-licensure pharmacovigilance activities to facilitate safety data comparability across multiple settings. They not guide management. The were developed by group subject matter process experts as part Coalition Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)-funded Safety Platform Evaluation vACcines (SPEAC). definitions, each defined levels diagnostic certainty, based on relevant published evidence expert consensus accompanied specific guidelines TTS VITT collection analysis. document underwent peer review reference vaccine stakeholders haematology ensure useability, applicability scientific integrity.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mimicry of the Viral Spike in the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Possibly Triggers Transient Dysregulation of ACE2, Leading to Vascular and Coagulation Dysfunction Similar to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1045 - 1045

Published: April 25, 2023

The benefits of SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines are well known, including a significant decline in COVID-19 morbidity and decrease the mortality rate infected persons. However, pharmacovigilance studies have revealed existence rare cases cardiovascular complications after mass vaccination using such formulations. Cases high blood pressure also been reported but were rarely documented under perfectly controlled medical supervision. press release these warning signals triggered huge debate over vaccines’ safety. Thereby, our attention was quickly focused on issues involving risk myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, hypertension thrombosis. Rare undesirable post-vaccine pathophysiological phenomena should question us, especially when they occur young subjects. They more likely to with inappropriate use vaccine (e.g., at time immune response is already very active during low-noise infection process healing), leading angiotensin II (Ang II) induced inflammation triggering tissue damage. Such harmful effects observed evoke possible molecular mimicry viral transiently dysregulating converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) function. Although benefit/risk ratio favorable, it seems reasonable suggest surveillance patients history diseases who receive vaccine.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of autoimmune diseases: a Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 14, 2024

Background In recent times, reports have emerged suggesting that a variety of autoimmune disorders may arise after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, causality and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods We collected summary statistics COVID-19 vaccination 31 diseases from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as exposure outcome, respectively. Random-effects inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, mode were used analytical methods through Mendelian randomization (MR), heterogeneity sensitivity analysis performed. Results selected 72 instrumental variables for ( p < 5 × 10 −6 ; r2 0.001, genetic distance = 10,000 kb), analyses showed was causally associated with an increased risk multiple sclerosis (MS) (IVW, OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.065–2.197, 0.026) ulcerative colitis (UC) 1.00, 1.000–1.003, 0.039). If refined −8 associations became negative. No found remaining outcomes. These results robust to analyses. Conclusion Our study provided potential evidence impact on MS UC occurrence, but it lacks sufficient robustness, which could provide new idea public health policy.

Language: Английский

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Immune thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to COVID‐19 vaccination: A systematic review

European Journal Of Haematology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(4), P. 335 - 353

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

This systematic review aimed to retrieve patients diagnosed with de novo immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) after COVID-19 immunization determine their epidemiological characteristics, clinical course, therapeutic strategies, and outcome.We conducted the using four major databases, comprising PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, until April 2022. A search was performed in duplicate access eligible articles English. Furthermore, a manual applied chosen papers' references enhance sensitivity. Data were extracted analyzed SPSS 20.1 software.A total 77 vaccine-associated ITP identified from 41 studies, including 31 case reports 10 series. The median age who developed 54 years (IQR 36-72 years). mRNA-based vaccines, BNT16B2b2 mRNA-1273, most implicated (75.4%). Those followed by adenovirus vector-based inclusive ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vAd26.COV2.S. No report found relating other vaccines. Most cases (79.2%) first dose vaccination. 75% within 12 days vaccination, indicating shorter lag time compared routine childhood vaccinations. Sixty-seven (87%) hospitalized. management pattern similar primary ITP, systemic glucocorticoids, IVIg, or both basis treatment patients. achieved goals; only two individuals required secondary admission, one patient presented intracranial hemorrhage died complication.De is rare complication corresponding belong order frequency. frequency may be related scale administration individual vaccines potency inducing autoimmunity. more vaccine potent induce antigenic challenge, would be. had benign course responded typical treatments ITP.

Language: Английский

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New-onset hematologic disorders following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review

Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination reduced morbimortality rates due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection worldwide. However, various complications have been reported, including hematologic disorders. We conducted a systematic review synthesize and analyze the current available evidence on development of hematological disorders associated with COVID-19 vaccination. A total 227 patients were reported in papers that selected be included. There was slight predominance females (n=114, 50.22%) compared males (n=113, 49.78%), calculated mean age 54.86±18.94 years. The most frequently Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (n=58, 25.55%), followed by thrombotic (n=38, 16.74%). less recorded cases acquired factor XIII/13 deficiency (n=2, 0.88%) pernicious anemia 0.88%). Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines, Pfizer BioNTech 162b2 (n=106, 46.70%), Moderna mRNA 127-3 (n = 42, 18.50%), Bivalent vaccine 1, 0.44%), prevalent (n=150, 66.08%). Most developed after first dose (n=120, 52.86%). In cases, patient outcomes favorable (n=175, 77.09%), but there significant mortality (n=23, 10.13%). Our findings suggest close monitoring who receive technology regardless sex, especially adults, as they appear more vulnerable developing PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023452589.

Language: Английский

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Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination: A case report

IDCases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32, P. e01795 - e01795

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Vaccine-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare type of acquired TTP recently reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Merely four cases are ascribed to the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in medical literature till preparation this study. In case report, we describe 43-year-old man who developed symptoms days receiving second dose vaccine. Peripheral blood smear demonstrated multiple schistocytes. Given high plasmic score, he received plasma exchange, corticosteroids, and rituximab, later, low ADAMTS 13 activity high-titer inhibition antibody confirmed diagnosis vaccine-associated TTP. an infrequent consequence SARS-CoV-2 vaccination but with substantial mortality rate which must be considered as one crucial differential diagnoses post-COVID-19 thrombocytopenia besides vaccine-induced immune Immune purpura.

Language: Английский

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Interesting Mucocutaneous Manifestations in COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination Confirmed by Histopathology: A Case Series

Case Reports in Dermatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 21 - 34

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Mucocutaneous complications or adverse events due to SARS-CoV-2 infection vaccination have been well delineated in the literature, respectively. Most eruptions are considered mild and self-limiting; however, for atypical cases with a tentative clinical diagnosis, performing biopsy histopathological assessment is pivotal confirm diagnosis subsequently prescribe more tailored treatment. Despite diverse reporting of such incidents globally, most studies restrict rate biopsied less than 15%.

Language: Английский

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Relapse of immune thrombocytopenia after receiving AstraZeneca coronavirus disease‐2019 vaccine: A case report

Clinical Case Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a low platelets count. In this paper, we present case of ITP relapse in 31-year-old Iranian woman as potential complication the AstraZeneca vaccine.

Language: Английский

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Predictive value of hematological indices on incidence and severity of pulmonary embolism in COVID‐19 patients

Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract Background Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a common complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which raises the COVID‐19 disease's fatality rate from 3% to 45%. Nevertheless, due fairly indistinguishable clinical symptoms and lack validated prediction models, PTE diagnosis in patients challenging. This study aims investigate applicability hematological indices predict incidence its severity SARS‐CoV‐2 patients. Methods A retrospective cohort was conducted on hospitalized with confirmed infection who underwent CT angiography assess probable them. The correlation between complete blood count parameters 1 day before outcomes, simplified pulmonary embolism index (s‐PESI) investigated. Results We discovered that among individuals PTE, males those higher platelet‐to‐lymphocyte (PLR) neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte (NLR) ratios had greater likelihood ( p < .001, .027, .037, respectively). PLR significant independent predictor value .045. Moreover, neutrophil associated s‐PESI score developing : .038). Conclusions Among indices, NLR more precisely are cost‐effective simply calculable markers can assist physicians determining whether or not clinically require be employed as an indicator Further large multicenter prospective studies warranted corroborate these observations.

Language: Английский

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Immune Thrombocytopenia After COVID-19 Vaccine Requiring Splenectomy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Post-vaccination immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare but recognized adverse event believed to result from an autoimmune reaction triggered by the vaccine. This case report presents fourth documented instance of severe ITP requiring splenectomy following administration COVID-19 The patient, 54-year-old previously healthy female with no familial history or hematological disorders, developed two weeks after first dose While most cases associated vaccines manifested second dose, this unique demonstrated symptoms initial vaccination. Initially responsive first-line management, patient experienced relapse upon receiving different vaccine manufacturer. Despite exhaustive medical interventions, refractory nature condition persisted, ultimately mandating for achievement complete remission. underscores potential serious, vaccine, particularly in patients who initially even if they had seemingly achieved These findings emphasize importance vigilant monitoring and individualized treatment strategies such cases, contributing valuable insights growing body knowledge surrounding vaccine-induced ITP.

Language: Английский

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