Stochastic Community Assembly: Does It Matter in Microbial Ecology?

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 81(4)

Published: Oct. 12, 2017

Understanding the mechanisms controlling community diversity, functions, succession, and biogeography is a central, but poorly understood, topic in ecology, particularly microbial ecology. Although stochastic processes are believed to play nonnegligible roles shaping structure, their importance relative deterministic hotly debated. The of ecological stochasticity structure far less appreciated. Some main reasons for such heavy debates difficulty defining diverse methods used delineating stochasticity. Here, we provide critical review synthesis data from most recent studies on assembly We then describe both components embedded various processes, including selection, dispersal, diversification, drift. also different approaches inferring observational diversity patterns highlight experimental communities. In addition, research challenges, gaps, future directions research.

Language: Английский

---

β-Diversity, Community Assembly, and Ecosystem Functioning

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(7), P. 549 - 564

Published: May 26, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Global restoration opportunities in tropical rainforest landscapes

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(7)

Published: July 3, 2019

Assessment of socioenvironmental benefits and feasibility identifies priority areas for restoring global tropical rainforests.

Language: Английский

---

What Are Species Pools and When Are They Important?

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 45 - 67

Published: Sept. 24, 2014

A regional species pool comprises all available to colonize a focal site. The roots of the concept are imbedded in island biogeography theory, supply-side ecology, and early propagule addition experiments. allows ecologists examine large-scale effects—including geographic area, evolutionary age, immigration diversification—on diversity, composition, phylogenetic structure local communities. Both theory evidence show that influences greatest when communities not strongly predictably structured by interactions (e.g., under frequent disturbance or if many rare). Practical conceptual issues consider delineating pools include choosing an appropriate spatial scale, whether account for environmental filtering, within fixed area versus those whose ranges overlap with site, use databases data sources. Each issue is discussed context 63 studies using approach. We conclude has contributed greatly our understanding community dynamics bridging gap between large small scales. Future must compare characteristics across multiple regions more complete assembly.

Language: Английский

---

How pervasive is biotic homogenization in human‐modified tropical forest landscapes?

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 18(10), P. 1108 - 1118

Published: Aug. 24, 2015

Abstract Land‐cover change and ecosystem degradation may lead to biotic homogenization, yet our understanding of this phenomenon over large spatial scales different groups remains weak. We used a multi‐taxa dataset from 335 sites 36 heterogeneous landscapes in the Brazilian Amazon examine potential for landscape‐scale processes modulate cumulative effects local disturbances. Biotic homogenization was high production areas but much less disturbed regenerating forests, where levels among‐site among‐landscape β‐diversity appeared attenuate species loss at larger scales. found consistently among all land cover classes, providing support divergence composition. Our findings concerns that has been underestimated as driver biodiversity underscore importance maintaining distributed network reserves, including remaining undisturbed primary forest, also conserve regional biota.

Language: Английский

---

Forests and Their Canopies: Achievements and Horizons in Canopy Science

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 438 - 451

Published: March 28, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Nutrient enrichment modifies temperature-biodiversity relationships in large-scale field experiments

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2016

Climate effects and human impacts, that is, nutrient enrichment, simultaneously drive spatial biodiversity patterns. However, there is little consensus about their independent on biodiversity. Here we manipulate enrichment in aquatic microcosms subtropical subarctic regions (China Norway, respectively) to show clear segregation of bacterial species along temperature gradients, decreasing alpha gamma diversity toward higher nutrients. The dependence richness greatest at extreme levels, whereas the strongest intermediate temperatures. For turnover rates, are two ends gradients regions, respectively. Species rates caused by nutrients do not increase These findings illustrate direct biodiversity, indirect via primary productivity, thus providing insights into how could alter under future climate scenarios.

Language: Английский

---

Plant β‐diversity in fragmented rain forests: testing floristic homogenization and differentiation hypotheses

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 101(6), P. 1449 - 1458

Published: Aug. 12, 2013

Summary Land‐use change is the main driver of global biodiversity loss, but its relative impact on species turnover (β‐diversity) across multiple spatial scales remains unclear. Plant communities in fragmented rain forests can undergo declines (floristic homogenization) or increases differentiation) β‐diversity. We tested these alternative hypotheses analysing a large vegetation data base from hierarchically nested sampling design (450 plots 45 forest patches 3 landscapes with different deforestation levels) at L os Tuxtlas forest, M exico. Differences β‐diversity (i.e. among plots, patches, and landscapes) were analysed using multiplicative diversity decompositions Hill numbers. within decreased higher levels, leading to floristic homogenization patches. This process be explained by loss rare shade‐tolerant plant species, recruitment dominance disturbance‐adapted limit accumulation (γ‐diversity) deforestation. Nevertheless, landscape highest level showed differentiation greatest isolation distances between patches; pattern that interchange seeds (and species) Because study are undergoing secondary succession following disturbances (e.g. logging, edge effects), disturbance regimes increased distance could lead Synthesis . These findings indicate patterns depend configuration scale analysis. At scale, our results suggest that, accordance non‐equilibrium dynamics landscape‐divergence hypothesis, located cover connectivity experience contrasting successional pathways due increasing levels compositional novel add further uncertainties maintenance severely deforested tropical have key ecological implications for conservation planning.

Language: Английский

---

Mediterranean Bioconstructions Along the Italian Coast

Advances in marine biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 61 - 136

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Global patterns of regional (gamma) plant diversity are relatively well known, but whether these hold for local communities, and the dependence on spatial grain, remain controversial. Using data 170,272 georeferenced assemblages, we created global maps alpha (local species richness) vascular plants at three different grains, forests non-forests. We show that is consistently high across grains in some regions (for example, Andean-Amazonian foothills), 'scaling anomalies' (deviations from positive correlation) exist elsewhere, particularly Eurasian temperate with disproportionally higher fine-grained richness many African tropical coarse-grained richness. The influence climatic, topographic biogeographical variables also varies grains. Our multi-grain return a nuanced understanding biodiversity complements classic hotspots will improve predictions change effects biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---