Historical Contingency in Community Assembly: Integrating Niches, Species Pools, and Priority Effects

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 1 - 23

Published: Aug. 5, 2015

The order and timing of species immigration during community assembly can affect abundances at multiple spatial scales. Known as priority effects, these effects cause historical contingency in the structure function communities, resulting alternative stable states, transient or compositional cycles. mechanisms fall into two categories, niche preemption modification, conditions for by be organized groups, those regarding regional pool properties local population dynamics. Specifically, requirements must satisfied to occur: contains that together dynamics are rapid enough early-arriving preempt modify niches before other arrive. Organizing current knowledge this way reveals an outstanding key question: How pools yield generated maintained?

Language: Английский

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How to make more out of community data? A conceptual framework and its implementation as models and software

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 561 - 576

Published: March 20, 2017

Abstract Community ecology aims to understand what factors determine the assembly and dynamics of species assemblages at different spatiotemporal scales. To facilitate integration between conceptual statistical approaches in community ecology, we propose Hierarchical Modelling Species Communities ( HMSC ) as a general, flexible framework for modern analysis data. While non‐manipulative data allow only correlative not causal inference, this facilitates formulation data‐driven hypotheses regarding processes that structure communities. We model environmental filtering by variation covariation responses individual characteristics their environment, with potential contingencies on traits phylogenetic relationships. capture biotic rules species‐to‐species association matrices, which may be estimated multiple spatial or temporal operationalise hierarchical Bayesian joint distribution model, implement it R‐ Matlab‐packages enable computationally efficient analyses large sets. Armed tool, ecologists can make sense many types data, including spatially explicit time‐series illustrate use through series diverse ecological examples.

Language: Английский

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Ecological and evolutionary perspectives on community assembly

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 241 - 247

Published: April 22, 2015

Language: Английский

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Microbiomes as Metacommunities: Understanding Host-Associated Microbes through Metacommunity Ecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(12), P. 926 - 935

Published: Sept. 25, 2018

Language: Английский

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Species Diversity Is Dynamic and Unbounded at Local and Continental Scales

The American Naturalist, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 185(5), P. 584 - 593

Published: March 25, 2015

We argue that biotas at scales from local communities to entire continents are nearly always open new species and their diversities far any ecological limits. show the fossil, phylogenetic, morphological evidence has been used suggest processes set limits diversity in evolutionary time is weak inconsistent. At same time, biological invasions, experiments, analyses strongly supports openness of species. urge biologists recognize ecology largely moved beyond simple notions equilibrium a carrying capacity toward richer view as highly dynamic space time.

Language: Английский

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Climate and plant community diversity in space and time

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(9), P. 4464 - 4470

Published: Feb. 18, 2020

Climate strongly shapes plant diversity over large spatial scales, with relatively warm and wet (benign, productive) regions supporting greater numbers of species. Unresolved aspects this relationship include what causes it, whether it permeates to community at smaller is accompanied by patterns in functional phylogenetic as some hypotheses predict, paralleled climate-driven changes time. Here, studies Californian plants are reviewed new analyses conducted synthesize climate-diversity relationships space Across scales organizational levels, maximized more productive (wetter) climates, these consistent mirrored losses taxonomic, functional, time during a recent climatic drying trend. These results support the tolerance niche conservatism for relationships, suggest there predictability future water-limited climates.

Language: Английский

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We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 2537 - 2548

Published: Sept. 16, 2021

Abstract Our current, empirical understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function is based on two information sources. First, controlled experiments which show generally positive relationships. Second, observational field data variable This latter source coupled with a lack observed declines in local has led to argument that biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning relationships may be uninformative for conservation management. We review ecological theory re‐analyse several datasets argue correlations diversity are often difficult interpret context research. occurs because biotic interactions filter species during community assembly means there can high effect even low diversity. indicates we should not necessarily expect any specific data. Rather, linking predictions from requires considering pool available colonisation: pool. suggest that, without declines, loss at regional scales—which determines pools—may still negatively affect functioning.

Language: Английский

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Distance decay 2.0 – A global synthesis of taxonomic and functional turnover in ecological communities

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 1399 - 1421

Published: May 12, 2022

Understanding the variation in community composition and species abundances (i.e., β-diversity) is at heart of ecology. A common approach to examine β-diversity evaluate directional by measuring decay similarity among pairs communities along spatial or environmental distance. We provide first global synthesis taxonomic functional distance analysing 148 datasets comprising different types organisms environments.

Language: Английский

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The species pool concept as a framework for studying patterns of plant diversity

Journal of Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 8 - 18

Published: Aug. 20, 2015

Abstract Co‐existence theories fail to adequately explain observed community patterns (diversity and composition) because they mainly address local extinctions. For a more complete understanding, the regional processes responsible for species formation geographic dispersal should also be considered. The pool concept holds that variation in is dependent primarily on availability of species, which driven by historical diversification at continental landscape scales. However, empirical evidence effects limited. This slow progress can attributed methodological difficulties determining characteristics pools how contributed diversity contemporary landscapes. A role landscape‐scale limitation has been demonstrated numerous seed addition experiments. disentangling general communities still requires attention. Distinguishing habitat‐specific help meet both applied theoretical challenges. In conservation biology, use absolute richness may uninformative size varies between habitats. characterizing dynamic state individual communities, biodiversity relative provides balanced way assessing different Information about useful when studying assembly rules, it enables possible mechanism trait convergence (habitat filtering) explicitly assessed. Empirical study historic often restricted due pools. accumulating distributional, ecological phylogenetic information, as well appropriate model systems (e.g. archipelagos with known biogeographic histories) will allow effectively future research.

Language: Английский

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Dos and don'ts when inferring assembly rules from diversity patterns

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 1212 - 1229

Published: April 1, 2020

Abstract Aim More than ever, ecologists seek to understand how species are distributed and have assembled into communities using the “filtering framework”. This framework is based on hypothesis that local assemblages result from a series of abiotic biotic filters applied regional pools these leave predictable signals in observed diversity patterns. In theory, statistical comparisons expected patterns enable data‐driven tests assembly processes. However, so far this has fallen short delivering generalizable conclusions, challenging whether (and how) can be used characterize underlying processes better. Methods By synthesizing previously raised critiques suggested solutions comprehensive way, we identify 10 pitfalls lead flawed interpretations α‐diversity patterns, summarize developed circumvent provide general guidelines. Results We find most issues arise an overly simplistic view potential influence which often motivated by practical constraints study design, focal scale methodology. outline for each pitfall, such as methods spanning over spatial, environmental or phylogenetic scales, suggest guidelines best scientific practices community ecology. Among key future challenges integration mechanistic modelling multi‐trophic interactions. Main conclusions Our conclusion filtering still holds promise, but only if researchers successfully navigate major pitfalls, foster interactions directly account uncertainty their conclusions.

Language: Английский

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