Sex differences in immune responses

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 626 - 638

Published: Aug. 22, 2016

Language: Английский

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Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. A never‐ending story?

Aquaculture Nutrition, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 219 - 282

Published: Nov. 7, 2015

It is well known that healthy gut microbiota essential to promote host health and well-being. The intestinal of endothermic animals as fish are classified autochthonous or indigenous, when they able colonize the host's epithelial surface associated with microvilli, allochthonous transient (associated digesta present in lumen). Furthermore, aquatic more fluidic than terrestrial vertebrates highly sensitive dietary changes. In fish, it demonstrated [a] form (live feeds pelleted diets), [b] lipid (lipid levels, sources polyunsaturated fatty acids), [c] protein (soybean meal, krill meal other products), [d] functional glycomic ingredients (chitin cellulose), [e] nutraceuticals (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics immunostimulants), [f] antibiotics, [g] iron [h] chromic oxide affect microbiota. some information available on bacterial colonization enterocyte a result manipulation which indicates changes indigenous microbial populations may have repercussion secondary host–microbe interactions. effect components important investigate, gastrointestinal tract has been suggested one major routes infection fish. Possible interactions between protective colonizing digestive discussed.

Language: Английский

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Progress in fish gastrointestinal microbiota research

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 626 - 640

Published: Feb. 2, 2017

Abstract The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota of vertebrates plays critical roles in nutrition, development, immunity and resistance against invasive pathogens. In the past decade, research GI mammals has drastically increased our knowledge on their relationship with health disease. However, understanding fish intestinal is limited. This review provides an overview gut microbiota, including microbial composition, formation, factors that affect microbes characteristics compared human mice. Further, updated gnotobiotic zebrafish elaborated insights gained functions are discussed. Understanding will guide development probiotics, prebiotics hopefully probiotic effectors as novel additives to improve fish.

Language: Английский

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A new view of the fish gut microbiome: Advances from next-generation sequencing

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 448, P. 464 - 475

Published: June 26, 2015

Language: Английский

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Individual diet has sex-dependent effects on vertebrate gut microbiota

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: July 29, 2014

Vertebrates harbour diverse communities of symbiotic gut microbes. Host diet is known to alter microbiota composition, implying that dietary treatments might alleviate diseases arising from altered microbial composition ('dysbiosis'). However, it remains unclear whether effects are general or depend on host genotype. Here we show depends interactions between and sex within populations wild laboratory fish, mice humans. Within each two natural fish (threespine stickleback Eurasian perch), among-individual variation correlated with individual differences in microbiota. these diet–microbiota associations dependent. We document similar sex-specific correlations Experimental manipulations confirmed affects differently males versus females. The prevalence such genotype by environment (sex diet) implies therapies treat dysbiosis have effects. Diet variations can but the potential influence genetic factors unclear. Here, authors show, humans populations, dependent host's sex, a genetically determined factor.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiome and degradation enzyme activity of wild freshwater fishes influenced by their trophic levels

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 13, 2016

Abstract Vertebrate gut microbiome often underpins the metabolic capability and provides many beneficial effects on their hosts. However, little was known about how host trophic level influences fish microbiota activity. In this study, more than 985,000 quality-filtered sequences from 24 16S rRNA libraries were obtained results revealed distinct compositions diversities of in four categories. PCoA test showed that bacterial communities carnivorous herbivorous fishes formed distinctly different clusters space. Although levels shared a large size OTUs comprising core community, at genus strong distinction existed. Cellulose-degrading bacteria Clostridium , Citrobacter Leptotrichia dominant herbivorous, while Cetobacterium protease-producing Halomonas carnivorous. PICRUSt predictions metagenome function affected capacity microbiota. Moreover, cellulase amylase activities significantly higher carnivorous, trypsin activity much herbivorous. These indicated influenced structure composition microbiota, content enzyme

Language: Английский

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Fish intestinal microbiome: diversity and symbiosis unravelled by metagenomics

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 123(1), P. 2 - 17

Published: Feb. 8, 2017

The gut microbiome of vertebrates plays an integral role in host health by stimulating development the immune system, aiding nutrient acquisition and outcompeting opportunistic pathogens. Development next-generation sequencing technologies allows researchers to survey complex communities microorganisms within at great depth with minimal costs, resulting a surge studies investigating bacterial diversity fishes. Many these have focused on microbial structure economically significant aquaculture species goal manipulating microbes increase feed efficiency decrease disease susceptibility. unravelling intricate host-microbe symbioses identification core functions is essential our ability use benefits healthy advantage fish culture, as well gain deeper understanding roles vertebrate health. This review aims summarize available knowledge gastrointestinal obtained from metagenomics, including biases sample processing, factors influencing assemblage structure, intestinal microbiology important description teleostean microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Marked seasonal variation in the wild mouse gut microbiota

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 2423 - 2434

Published: May 29, 2015

Abstract Recent studies have provided an unprecedented view of the microbial communities colonizing captive mice; yet host and environmental factors that shape rodent gut microbiota in their natural habitat remain largely unexplored. Here, we present results from a 2-year 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing-based survey wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) two nearby woodlands. Similar to other mammals, were colonized by 10 bacterial phyla dominated Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes Proteobacteria. Within Lactobacillus genus was most abundant. Putative pathogens widespread often abundant members mouse microbiota. Among suite extrinsic (environmental) intrinsic (host-related) examined, seasonal changes driving qualitative quantitative differences In both years observed strong shift community structure, potentially due transition insect- seed-based diet. This involved decreased levels Lactobacillus, increased Alistipes (Bacteroidetes phylum) Helicobacter. We also detected more subtle but statistically significant associations between biogeography, sex, reproductive status co-colonization with enteric nematodes. These suggest major role shaping temporal variations structure within populations.

Language: Английский

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Dietary input of microbes and host genetic variation shape among-population differences in stickleback gut microbiota

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 2515 - 2526

Published: April 24, 2015

Language: Английский

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Environmental filtering decreases with fish development for the assembly of gut microbiota

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. 4739 - 4754

Published: May 1, 2016

Summary Gut microbiota typically occupy habitats with definable limits/borders that are comparable to oceanic islands. The gut therefore can be regarded as an ‘island’ for the assembly of microbial communities within ‘sea’ surrounding environments. This study aims reveal ecological mechanisms govern in fish ecosystem. Taxonomic compositions, phylogenetic diversity, and community turnover across host development were analyzed via high‐throughput sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons. results indicate Shannon diversity three examined freshwater species all significantly decreased development, dominant bacterial taxa also changed during development. Null model phylogenetic‐based mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) analyses suggest environmental filtering led ‘island’. However, clustering local deterministic processes governed became less distinct developed. observed shaped seemed mainly by environment some other selective changes accompanying process. These findings greatly enhance our understanding stage‐specific patterns

Language: Английский

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