Pelagic Subsidies Underpin Fish Productivity on a Degraded Coral Reef

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 1521 - 1527.e6

Published: April 18, 2019

Language: Английский

---

On the prevalence and dynamics of inverted trophic pyramids and otherwise top‐heavy communities

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 439 - 454

Published: Jan. 9, 2018

Abstract Classically, biomass partitioning across trophic levels was thought to add up a pyramidal distribution. Numerous exceptions have, however, been noted including complete inversions. Elevated of top‐heaviness (i.e. high consumer/resource ratios) have reported from Arctic tundra communities Brazilian phytotelmata, and in species assemblages as diverse those dominated by sharks ants. We highlight two major pathways for creating top‐heaviness, via: (1) endogenous channels that enhance energy transfer boundaries within community (2) exogenous into spatial temporal boundaries. Consumer–resource models allometric network combined with niche reveal the nature core mechanisms promoting top‐heaviness. Outputs these suggest top‐heavy can be stable, but they also sources instability. Humans are both increasing decreasing ecological consequences. Current future research on drivers help elucidate fundamental shape architecture govern flux between communities. Questions emerging study usefully draw attention incompleteness inconsistency which ecologists often establish definitional

Language: Английский

---

Extreme rainfall events alter the trophic structure in bromeliad tanks across the Neotropics

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 25, 2020

Abstract Changes in global and regional precipitation regimes are among the most pervasive components of climate change. Intensification rainfall cycles, ranging from frequent downpours to severe droughts, could cause widespread, but largely unknown, alterations trophic structure ecosystem function. We conducted multi-site coordinated experiments show how variation quantity evenness modulates 210 natural freshwater microcosms (tank bromeliads) across Central South America (18°N 29°S). The biomass smaller organisms (detritivores) was higher under more stable hydrological conditions. Conversely, predators highest when uneven, resulting top-heavy pyramids. These results illustrate extremes precipitation, localized droughts or flooding, can erode base food webs, with negative implications for stability dynamics.

Language: Английский

---

Pyramids and cascades: a synthesis of food chain functioning and stability

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 405 - 419

Published: Dec. 17, 2018

Abstract Food chain theory is one of the cornerstones ecology, providing many its basic predictions, such as biomass pyramids, trophic cascades and predator–prey oscillations. Yet, ninety years into this theory, conditions under which these patterns may occur persist in nature remain subject to debate. Rather than address each pattern isolation, we propose that they must be understood together, calling for synthesis a fragmented landscape theoretical empirical results. As first step, minimal combines long‐standing energetic dynamical approaches food chains. We chart predictions on concise map, where two main regimes emerge: across various functioning stability metrics, regime characterised by pyramidal other cascade patterns. The axes map combine key physiological ecological variables, metabolic rates self‐regulation. A quantitative comparison with data sheds light conflicting puzzles, from size spectra causes strength. conclude drawing systematic connections between existing chains, their stability, crucial step confronting real ecosystems.

Language: Английский

---

Dams have varying impacts on fish communities across latitudes: a quantitative synthesis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 1501 - 1516

Published: May 21, 2019

Abstract Dams are recognised to impact aquatic biodiversity, but the effects and conclusions diverge across studies locations. By using a meta‐analytical approach, we quantified of impoundment on fish communities distributed three large biomes. The impacts dams richness diversity differed biomes, with significant declines in tropics, lower amplitude similar directional changes temperate regions, no boreal regions. Our analyses showed that non‐native species increased significantly tropical regulated rivers, not rivers. In contrast, temporal trajectories assemblage metrics were common all biomes showing an increase mean trophic level position proportion generalist after impoundment. Such assemblages may affect food web stability merit closer study. Across literature examined, predominant mechanisms render susceptible from were: (1) transformation lotic environment into lentic environment; (2) habitat fragmentation (3) introduction species. Collectively, our results highlight understanding regional context suite community needed make robust predictions about how will respond river impoundments.

Language: Английский

---

A review of a decade of lessons from one of the world’s largest MPAs: conservation gains and key challenges

Marine Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 167(11)

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Microbial Interactions with Dissolved Organic Matter Are Central to Coral Reef Ecosystem Function and Resilience

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 431 - 460

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

To thrive in nutrient-poor waters, coral reefs must retain and recycle materials efficiently. This review centers microbial processes facilitating the persistence stability of reefs, specifically role these transforming recycling dissolved organic matter (DOM) that acts as an invisible currency reef production, nutrient exchange, organismal interactions. The defining characteristics including high productivity, balanced metabolism, biodiversity, retention, structural complexity, are inextricably linked to processing DOM. composition microbes DOM is summarized, spatial temporal dynamics biogeochemical carried out by microorganisms diverse habitats explored a variety key processes, decomposition, accretion, trophictransfer, macronutrient recycling. Finally, we examine how widespread habitat degradation altering important microbe–DOM interactions, creating feedbacks reduce resilience global change.

Language: Английский

---

Shallow seamounts are “oases” and activity hubs for pelagic predators in a large-scale marine reserve

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. e3003016 - e3003016

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Seamounts have been likened to “oases” of life in the comparative deserts open ocean, often harbouring high densities threatened and exploited pelagic top predators. However, few such aggregations studied any detail mechanisms that sustain them are poorly understood. Here, we present findings an integrated study 3 previously unexplored seamounts tropical Atlantic, which aimed investigate their significance as predator “hotspots” inform inclusion one world’s largest marine reserves. Baited underwater video visual census transects revealed enhanced diversity biomass predators, including elevated abundances 7 species sharks, predatory fish, seabirds, within 5 km 2 shallow (<100 m), but not a third deeper seamount (260 m). Hydroacoustic low- mid-trophic level “prey” was also significantly 2.5 seamounts. found no evidence primary productivity over feature, suggesting faunal is sustained by exogenous energy inputs. Relative enrichment increased with trophic level, ranging from 2-fold increase for zooplankton 41-fold sharks. Tracking dominant individual sharks (Galapagos, silky) tuna (yellowfin, bigeye) resided around months years, connectivity between features, (in case sharks) were spatially aggregated localised hotspots coincided areas biomass. silky appeared use “hubs” more extensive foraging ranges, may help explain disproportionately density. Our results reinforce conservation many predators offer fundamental insights into functional roles both prey activity hubs these species.

Language: Английский

---

A simple model predicts how warming simplifies wild food webs

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 611 - 616

Published: July 1, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Food Webs and Ecosystems: Linking Species Interactions to the Carbon Cycle

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 271 - 295

Published: Aug. 18, 2020

All species within ecosystems contribute to regulating carbon cycling because of their functional integration into food webs. Yet modeling and accounting still assumes that only plants, microbes, invertebrate decomposer are relevant the cycle. Our multifaceted review develops a case for considering wider range species, especially herbivorous carnivorous wild animals. Animal control over is shaped by animals’ stoichiometric needs traits in relation stoichiometry resources. Quantitative synthesis reveals failing consider these mechanisms can lead serious inaccuracies budget. Newer carbon-cycle models food-web structure based on organismal offer mechanistically informed predictions about magnitudes animal effects will help guide new empirical research aimed at developing coherent understanding interactions importance all

Language: Английский

---