Re-focusing sampling, design and experimental methods to assess rapid evolution by non-native plant species

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1327 - 1343

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract Evolution can occur over contemporary timescales, which may be crucial for the invasive success of non-native plant species. Many studies have shown rapid evolution by comparing native and populations in common gardens. However, our understanding mechanisms underpinning is still incomplete. Here, we identify progress, applications, limitations on plants with respect to sampling, experimental design methods. To encompass broad variation within between ranges, recommend sampling across large-scale environmental gradients. We also suggest careful consideration pitfalls related choice seed families biotic interaction under focus. The latter should chosen a view both treatment corresponding field data estimate population history. Furthermore, exploiting multiple omics approaches address complexity interactions, account non-adaptive molecular demographic history populations. reviewed papers that studied quantified how many these met criteria. anticipate disentangling adaptive drivers among-population increase accuracy research evolution, integrating phenotypic, metabolomic genomic bring opportunities studying complex interactions. illustrate importance large collaborative networks present scientific network iCONNECT (integrative CONyza NEtwork Contemporary Trait evolution), goal motivating similar mechanistic evolution.

Language: Английский

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On the RIP: using Relative Impact Potential to assess the ecological impacts of invasive alien species

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 27 - 60

Published: April 3, 2020

Invasive alien species continue to arrive in new locations with no abatement rate, and thus greater predictive powers surrounding their ecological impacts are required. In particular, we need improved means of quantifying the invasive under different contexts. Here, develop a suite metrics based upon novel Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, combining functional response (consumer per capita effect), proxies for numerical population response), providing quantification impact. These comparative relation eco-evolutionary baseline trophically analogous natives, as well other across multiple populations. Crucially, also reveal how change abiotic biotic While studies focused solely on responses have been successful invasion ecology, RIP retains these advantages while adding vital elements, principally consumer abundance. can be combined propagule pressure quantify overall risk. By highlighting proxies, outline user-friendly method assessing invaders all trophic levels taxonomic groups. We apply metric impact assessment face climate by taking account both changing predator consumption rates prey reproduction rates. proceed application assess resistance against incoming species, effect evolution impacts, interspecific competition, spatio-temporal patterns invasion, inform biological control. propose that provides scientists practitioners user-friendly, customisable and, crucially, powerful technique policy management.

Language: Английский

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Non‐native species have multiple abundance–impact curves

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(13), P. 6833 - 6843

Published: June 4, 2020

Abstract The abundance–impact curve is helpful for understanding and managing the impacts of non‐native species. Abundance–impact curves can have a wide range shapes (e.g., linear, threshold, sigmoid), each with its own implications scientific management. Sometimes, has been viewed as property species, single I argue that determined jointly by species ecosystem it invades, so may multiple curves. Models invasive mussel Dreissena show how multiple, noninterchangeable To extent characteristics determine curve, based on horizontal designs (space‐for‐time substitution) be misleading should used great caution, at all. It important scientists managers to correctly specify when considering Diverting attention from invading invaded ecosystem, especially interaction between could improve our affect ecosystems reduce uncertainty around effects management populations

Language: Английский

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The EICA is dead? Long live the EICA!

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 2289 - 2302

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Abstract An important hypothesis for how plants respond to introduction new ranges is the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA). EICA predicts that biogeographical release from natural enemies initiates a trade‐off in which exotic species non‐native become larger and more competitive, but invest less consumer defences, relative populations native ranges. This exceptionally complex because detecting concomitant shifts defence depends upon traits are targeted, competition measured, chemicals quantified, whether do than defend, ‘herbivory’ artificial or natural, where consumers fall on generalist‐specialist spectrum. Previous meta‐analyses have successfully identified patterns yet fully disentangle this complexity. We used meta‐analysis reevaluate traditional metrics test theory then expanded these by partitioning effect tolerance measures testing Leaf‐Specific Mass detail as response trait. Unlike previous syntheses, our detected evidence consistent with classic inherent EICA. Plants imposed greater effects were quantitatively defended Our results not based leaf chemistry, instead estimated tannins, toughness primarily Mass. Species specificity occurred did influence general patterns. As all EICA‐like trade‐offs, we know if differences found caused trade‐offs per se, they predictions derived overarching hypothesis. Underestimating physical structure may contributed two decades tepid perspectives fundamental

Language: Английский

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Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 41 - 54

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Abstract Aim Preventing the spread of range‐shifting invasive species is a top priority for mitigating impacts climate change. Invasive plants become abundant and cause negative in only fraction their introduced ranges, yet projections invasion risk are almost exclusively derived from models built using all non‐native occurrences neglect abundance information. Location Eastern USA. Methods We compiled records 144 plant five major growth forms. fit over 600 distribution based on populations, thus projecting which areas eastern United States (U.S.) will be most susceptible to under current +2°C Results identified hotspots Great Lakes region, mid‐Atlantic along northeast coast Florida Georgia, each climatically suitable populations 30 species. Under change scenario, shift an average 213 km, predominantly towards U.S., where some projected up 21 new Range shifting could exacerbate 40 sustain within existing hotspots. On other hand, 62% experience decreased suitability with This trend consistent across Main Conclusions produced range maps state‐specific watch lists these analyses, can inform proactive regulation, monitoring, management likely future ecological impacts. Additionally, we identify as becoming less prioritized restoration climate‐adapted native research provides first comprehensive assessment invasions U.S.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of invasive trees on alpha and beta diversity of temperate forest understories

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 235 - 252

Published: Sept. 28, 2020

Abstract Despite good recognition of distributions and spread mechanisms the three most invasive trees in Europe ( Prunus serotina , Quercus rubra Robinia pseudoacacia ), their impacts on forest biodiversity are unevenly recognized. Most studies cover only taxonomic alpha diversity, a single study included functional phylogenetic diversity. Using set 186 plots western Poland we assessed these tree species beta taxonomic, diversity understory vascular plants. Alpha was higher R. forests lower Q. compared to mature native forests. Compared non-invaded plantations forests, P. sylvestris invaded by but nutrient-poor Alien richness or than In contrast, We proved that differed from composition, not always with decreased Impacts particular also depended reference ecosystem properties (here which did have highest biodiversity), is source inconsistency previous studies, usually referring types.

Language: Английский

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Negative effects of an allelopathic invader on AM fungal plant species drive community‐level responses

Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 102(1)

Published: Sept. 24, 2020

Abstract The mechanisms causing invasive species impact are rarely empirically tested, limiting our ability to understand and predict subsequent changes in invaded plant communities. Invader disruption of native mutualistic interactions is a mechanism expected have negative effects on species. Specifically, plant‐fungal mutualisms may provide non‐mycorrhizal invaders an advantage over mycorrhizal plants. Invasive Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) produces secondary chemicals toxic soil microorganisms including fungi, known induce physiological stress reduce population growth rates forest understory Here, we report 11‐yr manipulative field experiment replicated plots testing if the removal garlic mustard community support mutualism hypothesis within entire herbaceous community. We compare responses for two functional groups: vs. Our results show that weeding alters composition, decreases evenness, increases abundance herbs associate with fungi. Conversely, has no significant Consistent hypothesis, demonstrate allelochemical producing modify by disproportionately impacting also importance incorporating causal biological invasion elucidate patterns community‐level responses.

Language: Английский

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No consistencies in abundance–impact relationships across herbaceous invasive species and ecological impact metrics

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(5), P. 1120 - 1138

Published: March 2, 2023

Abstract The general shape (from linear to complex curve), direction (negative and positive) strength (steepness of the slope) abundance–impact relationships for different impact metrics are poorly known, despite their importance in understanding predicting ecological repercussions invasive species. It is also an open question how functional traits species may influence relationship. We studied 11 widespread herbaceous alien East‐Central Europe 16 (resident plant communities' characteristics, trait composition, diversity soil parameters) by sampling invaded similar, uninvaded sites (space‐for‐time substitution method). Our aim was (1) investigate detailed impacts plants on native communities; (2) explore type cover–impact across consistency (3) study whether relationship depends When considering all together, we found that communities were less rich functionally even but showed higher values Rao's Q index, nitrogen, phosphorus organic carbon nutrient content compared communities. However, species‐wise analyses revealed strikingly among metrics. Regarding relationships, no consistencies Still, nonlinear prevailed when analysed together individually. explained only a small part this response heterogeneity; mostly, small‐seeded perennial affected cover–species richness Synthesis : Herbaceous have cover‐dependent resident communities, there consistent patterns Specific or syndrome affect heterogeneity would need further study. highlighted assessments involving species' abundance unmask cryptic show contrasting effects along gradient.

Language: Английский

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No effect of invasive tree species on aboveground biomass increments of oaks and pines in temperate forests

Forest Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100201 - 100201

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Prunus serotina and Robinia pseudoacacia are the most widespread invasive trees in Central Europe. In addition, according to climate models, decreased growth of many economically ecologically important native will likely be observed future. We aimed assess impact these two neophytes, which differ biomass range nitrogen-fixing abilities European conditions, on relative aboveground increments oaks Quercus robur Q. petraea Scots pine Pinus sylvestris. increase our understanding relationship between facilitation competition woody alien species overstory trees. established 72 circular plots (0.05 ha) different forest habitat types stands varying age western Poland. chose with abundances studied neophytes determine how effects scaled along quantitative invasion gradient. Furthermore, we collected cores species, calculated at tree stand levels. Then, used generalized linear mixed-effects models species. did not find a biologically or statistically significant R. P. pines gradient invader proportion total accounted for by invaders. The act as stimulators but also compete them resources, would escalate negative change oaks. should significantly modify carbon sequestration capacity Our work combines elements per capita effect research mixed management.

Language: Английский

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Invasion‐mediated mutualism disruption is evident across heterogeneous environmental conditions and varying invasion intensities

Ecography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(7)

Published: May 30, 2023

The impact of a biological invasion on native communities is expected to be uneven across invaded landscapes due differences in local abiotic conditions, invader abundance, and traits composition the community. One way improve predictive ability about an invasive species given variable conditions exploit known mechanisms driving species' success. Invasive plants frequently exhibit allelopathic traits, which can directly toxic or indirectly them via disruption root symbionts, including mycorrhizal fungi. indirect mechanism – mutualism predicted that rely mycorrhizas but not affect non‐mycorrhizal plant species. To assess whether invader‐driven explains observed changes communities, we analyzed long‐term (1998–2018) cover data from forest plots state Illinois. We evaluated experiencing range abundance garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata varying environmental conditions. Consistent with hypothesis, showed as increased over time 0.25 m 2 sampling quadrats, decreased, did not. Over space time, abundances diversity at quadrat level, this relationship was present larger scale when quadrats were aggregated within sites. Garlic mustard's community highly localized, yet it important variables for predicting diversity. key predictor patterns intensity heterogeneity consistent disruption. Our work indicates hypothesis provide generalizable predictions impacts are evident broad spatial scale.

Language: Английский

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