Need to Seed? Ecological, Genetic, and Evolutionary Keys to Seed-Based Wetland Restoration

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 18, 2020

As we approach the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), there is renewed focus on improving wetland restoration practices to reestablish habitat and climate mitigation functions services that wetlands provide. A first step in restoring these native vegetation structure composition through strategic seed-based approaches. These approaches should be driven by ecological, genetic, evolutionary principles, along with consideration for economics, logistics, other social constraints. Effective must consider chosen species, seed sourcing, dormancy break germination requirements, enhancement technologies, potential invaders, seeding densities, long-term monitoring. Choice species reflect historical plant communities future environmental conditions, support functional goals including invasion resistance, availability Furthermore, seeds sourced ensure ample genetic diversity multifunctionality capacity while also considering broad natural dispersal many species. The decision collect wild or purchase will impact choice diversity, which can have cascading effects goals. To seedling establishment, addressed breaking treatments potentially narrow requirements some require targeted sowing timing location align safe sites. Other enhancements such as priming coatings are poorly developed their establishment unknown. Because highly prone, invaders legacies addressed. Seeding densities strike a balance between outcompeting preserving valuable resources. Invader control monitoring key revegetation restoration. Here, review scientific advances improve outcomes, provide methods recommendations help achieve desired Gaps knowledge about currently exist, however, untested certainly increase risks efforts. efforts used better understand processes related seeds, bring us one closer needed human ecological communities.

Language: Английский

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Wetland Restoration with Hydrophytes: A Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 1035 - 1035

Published: May 21, 2021

Restoration cases with hydrophytes (those which develop all their vital functions inside the water or very close to surface, e.g., flowering) are less abundant compared those using emergent plants. Here, I synthesize latest knowledge in wetland restoration based on revegetation and stress common challenges potential solutions. The review mainly focusses natural wetlands but also includes information about naturalized constructed wetlands, nowadays being used not only improve quality increase biodiversity. Available publications, peer-reviewed any public domain, from last 20 years, were reviewed. Several countries developed pilot case-studies field-scale projects more success, large-scale ones frequent. Using floating species is generalized than submerged species. Sediment transfer adequate for temporary wetlands. Hydrophyte as a tool could be improved by selecting suitable increasing focus biology ecology, choosing propagation techniques (seeding, planting). clear negative factors prevent success (herbivory, microalgae, filamentous green algae, sediment composition) have considered. Policy-making practices must effectively integrate already known, particularly under future climatic scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Effects of revegetation approaches on wetland plant community reassembly under hydrologic extremes

Wetlands Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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A guild‐based framework for restoring plant diversity in reservoir shorelines through active plant introduction

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract Reservoir shorelines of regulated rivers, created by over 2.8 million dams worldwide, have experienced substantial biodiversity loss, particularly in plant communities. While actively introducing local riparian plants is a common restoration strategy, existing approaches often lack applicability and transferability across river basins. To address this, we propose guild‐based framework that classifies species used for into guilds based on shared functional traits adaptive strategies. This approach allows evaluating outcomes along environmental gradients, optimizing design. We tested this the Three Gorges (TGR), characterized steep gradients. Plant were identified traits, focusing hydrological geomorphological associations. The effectiveness guild introductions was assessed gradients submergence intensity, topography substrate properties comparing to those spontaneous colonization. Results showed under intermediate high active introduction colonization yielded similar outcomes, with short‐clonal flood‐tolerant herbs naturally dominating. At low woody increased diversity, whereas tall‐clonal reduced diversity due competitive exclusion. Actively introduced did not suppress invasive species. Unexpectedly, associated presence. Synthesis applications . Our study validates as an effective shoreline vegetation rivers. show identity intensity jointly shape offering insights strategies TGR reservoirs upper Yangtze River. Furthermore, enhances practices functionally driven selection

Language: Английский

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Effects of flooding outweigh those of vegetation restoration on key processes of carbon and nitrogen cycling in a degraded riparian zone

CATENA, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 106610 - 106610

Published: Oct. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Customise the seeds, not the seeder: Pelleting of small-seeded species for ecological restoration

Ecological Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 107105 - 107105

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Direct native seed planting is a cost-effective and popular approach for restoring degraded terrestrial ecosystems. However, the handling precision seeding of multispecies mixes with diverse sizes, shapes logistically complex, requires highly customised equipment often results in poor seedling establishment. This issue accentuated small-seeded species, where difficulties lack placement result wastage. The agricultural sector relies on application external material to small seeds improve via pelleting. Yet this method has been rarely tested species ecological restoration. We pelleted 15 Myrtaceae commonly used seed-based restoration programs recorded range physical traits. Prior pelleting, each batch was purity viability processed quality (Pure Live Seed, PLS%). Seedling emergence from control controlled laboratory conditions at two field sites Western Australia. linked seedling's outcomes degree modification achieved pelleting understand which trait would be responsible potential decrease or delay emergence. Seed processing improved average (PLS%) across all 23.4 ± 4.8% 83.6 2.3%. average, resulted 27-fold increase volume, 30-fold weight, 26% bulk density. response varied among but speed 3.1 days faster (p < 0.001) seeds, while final not significantly different = 0.217). show that combination can standardise properties seeding, limited consequences novel could enable use large-scale rapid delivery biodiverse global programs.

Language: Английский

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Using fire, planting, and topsoil translocation for restoration in South African Fynbos: assessing the success and cost‐effectiveness of various restoration treatments

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

The successful restoration of endangered habitat types at a low cost is vital importance. We tested how and cost‐effective six combinations treatments were in the Cape Floristic Region South Africa. Treatments applied to an area that was primarily covered invasive alien grasses. burning, direct sowing seed, planting seedlings, aimed test synergistic effect three treatment factors. Topsoil translocation determine if this, combined with planting, can restore native shrub cover whether addition mulch seed improve overall success. mechanical removal grasses, absence fire. Both topsoil had been burned, sown planted (“Burn‐sow‐plant”) led plant species richness resembling near‐pristine plots approximately 30% higher than burn‐only (“Burn”). Native highest for which included planting. Survival 36–41% Burn‐sow‐plant. contribution low, 9–16% sowed being present across treatments. show be Burn‐sow‐plant most reasonable cost, despite expensive, whereas Burn Burn‐sow less successful, but cheaper. grass removed before least expensive. conclude are not necessarily

Language: Английский

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A framework for ecological restoration cost accounting across context and scale

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 110671 - 110671

Published: June 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Revegetated riparian areas are dominated by weeds, and lack structural diversity and natural recruitment: lessons for restoration practice

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Riparian areas can be highly biodiverse and provide critical ecosystem services. However, they are frequently subject to anthropogenic impacts such as land clearing, agricultural use, urban development. Restoration of riparian via revegetation commonly improves the health waterways surrounding areas, but vegetation outcomes rarely assessed. Our study compared 10 14‐year‐old remnant in south‐eastern Australia determine if species composition, structure, function (plant recruitment) differed. We also assessed amount native vegetation, browsers (including deer, rabbits, macropods), or soil characteristics influenced woody plant recruitment at revegetated sites. While exotic richness did not differ, plants were less abundant twice The ground layer sites was dominated by weeds, whereas largely comprised herbaceous leaf litter. Tree heights tree canopy cover similar although shrubs ferns lacking revegetation. Native lower negatively associated with browser presence. results suggest that while may have weeds often dominate important structural components ferns, ecological processes recruitment, lacking. Better consideration all strata, reduced browsing pressure weed control likely achieve better outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Restored river-floodplain connectivity promotes woody plant establishment

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 493, P. 119264 - 119264

Published: April 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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