Climate change, adaptation, and phenotypic plasticity: the problem and the evidence

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 1 - 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

Abstract Many studies have recorded phenotypic changes in natural populations and attributed them to climate change. However, controversy uncertainty has arisen around three levels of inference such studies. First, it proven difficult conclusively distinguish whether are genetically based or the result plasticity. Second, not change is adaptive usually assumed rather than tested. Third, inferences that specific causal agent rarely involved testing – exclusion other potential drivers. We here review various ways which above been attempted, evaluate strength support each approach can provide. This methodological assessment sets stage for 11 accompanying articles attempt comprehensive syntheses what currently known about responses a variety taxa theory. Summarizing relying on results these reviews, we arrive at conclusion evidence genetic adaptation found some systems, but still relatively scarce. Most importantly, clear more needed must employ better inferential methods before general conclusions be drawn. Overall, hope present paper special issue provide inspiration future research guidelines best practices its execution.

Language: Английский

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Responses of Marine Organisms to Climate Change across Oceans

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: May 4, 2016

Climate change is driving changes in the physical and chemical properties of ocean that have consequences for marine ecosystems. Here, we review evidence responses life to recent climate across regions, from tropical seas polar oceans. We consider observed calcification rates, demography, abundance, distribution phenology species. draw on a database impacts species, supplemented with Fifth Assessment Report Intergovernmental Panel Change. discuss factors limit or facilitate species' responses, such as fishing pressure, availability prey, habitat, light other resources, dispersal by currents. find general trends species are consistent expectations change, including poleward deeper distributional shifts, advances spring phenology, declines increases abundance warm-water The volume type variable regions taxonomic groups, much derived heavily-studied north Atlantic Ocean. Most investigations biological changing temperature, few observations effects oxygen, wave climate, precipitation (coastal waters) acidification. Observations been linked anthropogenic widespread, but still lacking some groups (e.g., phytoplankton, benthic invertebrates, mammals).

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary and plastic responses to climate change in terrestrial plant populations

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 123 - 139

Published: Oct. 14, 2013

Abstract As climate change progresses, we are observing widespread changes in phenotypes many plant populations. Whether these phenotypic directly caused by change, and whether they result from plasticity or evolution, active areas of investigation. Here, review terrestrial studies addressing questions. Plastic evolutionary responses to clearly occurring. Of the 38 that met our criteria for inclusion, all found plastic responses, with 26 showing both. These however, may be insufficient keep pace as indicated eight 12 examined this directly. There is also mixed evidence adaptive, contemporary climatic changes. We discuss factors will likely influence extent including patterns environmental changes, species’ life history characteristics generation time breeding system, degree direction gene flow. Future standardized methodologies, especially those use direct approaches assessing over time, sharing data through public databases, facilitate better predictions capacity populations respond rapid change.

Language: Английский

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The Baltic Sea as a time machine for the future coastal ocean

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(5)

Published: May 4, 2018

Coastal global oceans are expected to undergo drastic changes driven by climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures in coming decades. Predicting specific future conditions assessing the best management strategies maintain ecosystem integrity sustainable resource use difficult, because of multiple interacting pressures, uncertain projections, a lack test cases for management. We argue that Baltic Sea can serve as time machine study consequences mitigation coastal perturbations, due its unique combination an early history multistressor disturbance deterioration implementation cross-border environmental address these problems. The also stands out providing strong scientific foundation accessibility long-term data series provide opportunity assess efficacy actions breakdown functions. Trend reversals such return top predators, recovering fish stocks, reduced input nutrient harmful substances could be achieved only implementing international, cooperative governance structure transcending complex multistate policy setting, with integrated watershed sea. demonstrates how rapidly progressing particularly warming waters surrounding catchment area, offset current approaches. This situation calls is (i) conservative buffer against regionally unmanageable (ii) adaptive react new challenges, and, ultimately, (iii) multisectorial integrative conflicts associated economic trade-offs.

Language: Английский

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Plastic and evolutionary responses to climate change in fish

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 68 - 87

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

Abstract The physical and ecological ‘fingerprints’ of anthropogenic climate change over the past century are now well documented in many environments taxa. We reviewed evidence for phenotypic responses to recent fish. Changes timing migration reproduction, age at maturity, juvenile migration, growth, survival fecundity were associated primarily with changes temperature. Although these traits can evolve rapidly, only two studies attributed formally evolutionary mechanisms. correlation‐based methods most frequently employed point largely ‘fine‐grained’ population environmental variability (i.e. rapid relative generation time), consistent plastic Ultimately, species will likely adapt long‐term warming trends overlaid on natural oscillations. Considering strong plasticity all studied, we recommend development expanded use capable detecting change, such as long term study selection coefficients temporal shifts reaction norms, increased attention forecasting adaptive response synergistic interactions multiple pressures be change.

Language: Английский

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Rapid adaptive responses to climate change in corals

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 627 - 636

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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Evolution in an acidifying ocean

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 117 - 125

Published: Dec. 16, 2013

Language: Английский

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Key Questions on the Role of Phenotypic Plasticity in Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 107(1), P. 25 - 41

Published: Aug. 22, 2015

Ecology and evolution have long been recognized as reciprocally influencing each other, with recent research emphasizing how such interactions can occur even on very short (contemporary) time scales. Given that these are mediated by organismal phenotypes, they be variously shaped genetic variation, phenotypic plasticity, or both. I here address 8 key questions relevant to the role of plasticity in eco-evolutionary dynamics. Focusing empirical evidence, especially from natural populations, offer following conclusions. 1) Plasticity is--not surprisingly--sometimes adaptive, sometimes maladaptive, neutral. 2) has costs limits but constraints highly variable, often weak, hard detect. 3) Variable environments favor increased trait which then buffer fitness/performance (i.e., tolerance). 4) aids colonization new (Baldwin Effect) responses situ environmental change. However, plastic not always necessary sufficient contexts. 5) will promote constrain evolution. 6) help hinder ecological speciation but, at present, tests limited. 7) show considerable evolutionary change contemporary time, although rates this reaction norm variable among taxa traits. 8) appears influences dynamics community ecosystem levels, many more studies needed. In summary, needs an integral part any conceptual framework investigation

Language: Английский

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Climate change and marine vertebrates

Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 350(6262), P. 772 - 777

Published: Nov. 12, 2015

Climate change impacts on vertebrates have consequences for marine ecosystem structures and services. We review fish, mammal, turtle, seabird responses to climate discuss their potential adaptation. Direct indirect are demonstrated from every ocean. Because of variation in research foci, observed differ among taxonomic groups (redistributions phenology seabirds). Mechanisms (i) direct physiological (ii) climate-mediated predator-prey interactions. Regional-scale climate-demographic functions makes range-wide population dynamics challenging predict. The nexus metabolism relative productivity food webs appears key predicting future effects vertebrates. Integration climate, oceanographic, ecosystem, models that incorporate evolutionary processes is needed prioritize the climate-related conservation needs these species.

Language: Английский

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Plasticity and genetic adaptation mediate amphibian and reptile responses to climate change

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 88 - 103

Published: Oct. 30, 2013

Phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation are predicted to mitigate some of the negative biotic consequences climate change. Here, we evaluate evidence for plastic evolutionary responses variation in amphibians reptiles via a literature review meta-analysis. We included studies that either document phenotypic changes through time or space. Plasticity had clear ubiquitous role promoting response variation. For adaptive evolution, found no direct evolution change over time. However, many documented along spatial gradients. provided mixture maladaptive change, highlighting frequently, but not always, could ameliorate Based on our review, advocate more experiments survey Overall, buffer formidable threats from large uncertainties remain owing limited data.

Language: Английский

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