Biological responses to environmental heterogeneity under future ocean conditions

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 2633 - 2650

Published: April 25, 2016

Abstract Organisms are projected to face unprecedented rates of change in future ocean conditions due anthropogenic climate‐change. At present, marine life encounters a wide range environmental heterogeneity from natural fluctuations mean climate change. Manipulation studies suggest that biota more variable environments have phenotypic plasticity tolerate heterogeneity. Here, we consider current strategies employed by representative organisms across various habitats – short‐lived phytoplankton long‐lived corals response We then discuss how, if and when organismal responses (acclimate/migrate/adapt) may be altered shifts the magnitude climate‐change signal relative for coming decades. The findings both novel modelling simulations prior biological manipulation studies, which superimposed on those change, provide valuable insights into Manipulations reveal different experimental outcomes evident between treatments include vs. do not. Modelling project variability, along with will increase decades, hence increase, illustrating need realistic experiments fluctuations. However, also strongly timescales over signature become dominant, fluctuations, vary individual properties, being most rapid CO 2 (~10 years present day) 4 decades nutrients. conclude used respond complex, as they physiologically straddle wide‐ranging alteration conditions, including adapt rapidly rising acclimate slowly changing properties such warming.

Language: Английский

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Ocean acidification influences hostDNAmethylation and phenotypic plasticity in environmentally susceptible corals

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 1165 - 1178

Published: July 14, 2016

As climate change challenges organismal fitness by creating a phenotype-environment mismatch, phenotypic plasticity generated epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., DNA methylation) can provide temporal buffer for genetic adaptation. Epigenetic may be crucial sessile benthic marine organisms, such as reef-building corals, where ocean acidification (OA) and warming reflect in strong negative responses. We tested the potential scleractinian corals to exhibit associated with methylation response OA. Clonal coral fragments of environmentally sensitive

Language: Английский

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Microbial contributions to the persistence of coral reefs

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2167 - 2174

Published: May 16, 2017

On contemplating the adaptive capacity of reef organisms to a rapidly changing environment, microbiome offers significant and greatly unrecognised potential. Microbial symbionts contribute physiology, development, immunity behaviour their hosts, can respond very environmental conditions, providing powerful mechanism for acclimatisation also possibly rapid evolution coral holobionts. Environmentally acquired fluctuations in have functional consequences holobiont phenotype upon which selection act. induced changes microbial abundance may be analogous host gene duplication, symbiont switching / shuffling as result change either remove or introduce raw genetic material into holobiont; horizontal transfer facilitate within strains. Vertical transmission is key feature many holobionts this would enable environmentally traits faithfully passed future generations, ultimately facilitating microbiome-mediated transgenerational (MMTA) potentially even adaptation species climate. In commentary, we highlight mechanisms MMTA species, propose modified Price equation framework assessing recommend areas research better understand how microorganisms organisms, essential if are reliably predict global ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Cracking the Code of Biodiversity Responses to Past Climate Change

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(10), P. 765 - 776

Published: Aug. 30, 2018

Language: Английский

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Integrating within-species variation in thermal physiology into climate change ecology

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 374(1778), P. 20180550 - 20180550

Published: June 17, 2019

Accurately forecasting the response of global biota to warming is a fundamental challenge for ecology in Anthropocene. Within-species variation thermal sensitivity, caused by phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation limits, often overlooked assessments species responses warming. Despite this, implicit assumptions niche conservatism or at level permeate literature with potentially important implications predictions impacts population level. Here we review how these attributes interact spatial temporal context ocean influence vulnerability marine organisms. We identify broad spectrum sensitivities among organisms, particularly central cool-edge populations distributions. These are characterized generally low sensitivity organisms conserved niches, high locally adapted niches. Important differences taxa suggest that could adversely affect benthic primary producers sooner than less vulnerable higher trophic groups. Embracing spatial, biological within-species physiology helps explain observed can improve forecasts climate change systems. This article part theme issue 'Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature oxygen'.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific variability across seasons and geographically distinct populations can modify species contributions to ecosystems

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Abstract Environmental change profoundly alters biodiversity and, by extension, species contributions to ecosystem functioning. While it is well‐established that these impacts can be geographically and temporally nuanced, most assessments of ecosystems assume traits are spatially fixed, those do acknowledge intraspecific variability have failed fully determine its relevance Here, using three distinct populations sediment‐dwelling invertebrates, we combine a laboratory experiment with Bayesian hierarchical modelling empirically quantify the prevalence trait in relation geographic locality seasonal conditions. Furthermore, assessed role mediating sediment particle mixing, nutrient generation benthic oxygen uptake. We found body size reworking modified macrofaunal total uptake generation. These associations, however, were not consistent across all measured functions. Our findings highlight asymmetries both absolute magnitude and/or direction responses changing conditions, indicating relative functional make or transient may, therefore, diverge from expectations based on contemporary group typologies. critical knowledge gap our understanding key sources affecting functionally important aspects behaviour physiology call for development dynamic ecological assessment management approaches account individual as well environments. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and mammals: evolutionary versus plastic responses

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 29 - 41

Published: Dec. 13, 2013

Phenotypic plasticity and microevolution are the two primary means by which organisms respond adaptively to local conditions. While these mechanisms not mutually exclusive, their relative magnitudes will influence both rate of, ability sustain, phenotypic responses climate change. We review accounts of recent changes in wild mammal populations with purpose critically evaluating following: (i) whether change has been identified as causal mechanism producing observed change; (ii) is adaptive; (iii) influences evolution and/or underlying The available data for mammals scant. found twelve studies that report phenology, body weight or litter size. In all cases, response was primarily due plasticity. Only one study (of advancing parturition dates American red squirrels) provided convincing evidence contemporary evolution. Subsequently, however, shown be this shift. also summarize have evolutionary potential (i.e. trait heritable under selection) traits putative associations discuss future directions need undertaken before a conclusive demonstration plastic can made.

Language: Английский

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Plasticity predicts evolution in a marine alga

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 281(1793), P. 20141486 - 20141486

Published: Sept. 10, 2014

Under global change, populations have four possible responses: 'migrate, acclimate, adapt or die' (Gienapp et al. 2008 Climate change and evolution: disentangling environmental genetic response. Mol. Ecol. 17, 167-178. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03413.x)). The challenge is to predict how much migration, acclimatization adaptation are capable of. We previously shown that from more variable environments plastic (Schaum 2013 Variation in responses of a globally distributed picoplankton species ocean acidification. Nature 3, 298-230. (doi:10.1038/nclimate1774)), here we use experimental evolution with marine microbe learn the extent face elevated partial pressure CO2 (pCO2). Specifically, evolve more, traits other than growth can changes microbe. relationship between plasticity strongest when fluctuating environments, which favour maintenance plasticity. Strikingly, predicts extent, but not direction phenotypic evolution. response pCO2 green algae increase cell division rates, evolutionary decrease rates over 400 generations until cells dividing at same rate their ancestors did ambient CO2. Slow-growing higher mitochondrial potential withstand further better faster growing cells. Based on this, hypothesize slow adaptive under enrichment associated production quality daughter

Language: Английский

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Genome architecture enables local adaptation of Atlantic cod despite high connectivity

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 26(17), P. 4452 - 4466

Published: June 19, 2017

Adaptation to local conditions is a fundamental process in evolution; however, mechanisms maintaining adaptation despite high gene flow are still poorly understood. Marine ecosystems provide wide array of diverse habitats that frequently promote ecological even species characterized by strong levels flow. As one example, populations the marine fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) highly connected due immense dispersal capabilities but nevertheless show several key traits. By combining population genomic analyses based on 12K single nucleotide polymorphisms with larval patterns inferred using biophysical ocean model, we individuals residing sheltered estuarine Scandinavian fjords mainly belong offshore oceanic considerable connectivity between these ecosystems. Nevertheless, also find evidence for discrete fjord genetically differentiated from populations, indicative adaptation, degree which appears be influenced connectivity. Analyses architecture reveal significant overrepresentation large ~5 Mb chromosomal rearrangement cod, previously proposed comprise genes critical survival at low salinities. This suggests environments may enabled suppression recombination rearranged region. Our study provides new insights into potential within fine geographical scales and highlights importance genome adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Physiological ecology meets climate change

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 5(5), P. 1025 - 1030

Published: Feb. 5, 2015

In this article, we pointed out that understanding the physiology of differential climate change effects on organisms is one many urgent challenges faced in ecology and evolutionary biology. We explore how physiological can contribute to a holistic view impacts ecosystems their responses. suggest theoretical experimental efforts not only need improve our thermal limits organisms, but also consider multiple stressors both land oceans. As an example, discuss recent understand various global drivers aquatic ectotherms field led development concept oxygen capacity limited tolerance (OCLTT) as framework integrating linking organisational levels from ecosystem organism, tissue, cell, molecules. seven core objectives comprehensive research program comprising interplay among physiological, ecological, approaches for terrestrial organisms. While studies individual aspects are already underway laboratories worldwide, integration these findings into conceptual frameworks needed within organism group such animals across domains Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya. Indeed, unifying concepts relevant interpreting existing future coherent way projecting ecological functional biodiversity. OCLTT may end point view, be able explain metazoans when compared other

Language: Английский

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