Genetic diversity targets and indicators in the CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework must be improved

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 108654 - 108654

Published: July 2, 2020

The 196 parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) will soon agree a post-2020 global framework for conserving three elements of biodiversity (genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity) while ensuring sustainable development benefit sharing. As most significant conservation policy mechanism, new CBD has far-reaching consequences- it guide actions reporting each member country until 2050. In previous strategies, as well other major mechanisms, targets indicators genetic diversity (variation at DNA level within which facilitates species adaptation function) were undeveloped focused agricultural relevance. We assert that, meet goals, all not just domesticated their wild relatives, must be conserved monitored using appropriate metrics. Building suggestions in recent Letter Science (Laikre et al., 2020) we expand argumentation new, pragmatic modifications two current maintaining adaptive capacity provide guidance practical use. are: 1) number populations with effective population size above versus below 500, 2) proportion maintained 3) is DNA-based methods. also present discuss Goals Action Targets are connected these underlying data. These goals have utility beyond CBD; they should monitoring via national decades come.

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and challenges of macrogenetic studies

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 791 - 807

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Ecosystem services provided by small streams: an overview

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 850(12-13), P. 2501 - 2535

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Language: Английский

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The Evolutionary Consequences of Dams and Other Barriers for Riverine Fishes

BioScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(5), P. 431 - 448

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Dams and other anthropogenic barriers have caused global ecological hydrological upheaval in the blink of geological eye. In present article, we synthesize 307 studies a systematic review contemporary evolution following reduced connectivity habitat alteration on freshwater fishes. Genetic diversity loss was more commonly observed for small populations impounded patches many generations behind low-passability barriers. Studies show that impoundments can cause rapid adaptive migration timing, behavior, life history, temperature tolerance, morphology, as well reduce phenotypic variance, which alter potential roles. Fish passage structures restore migratory but also create artificial selection pressures body size migration. The accelerating pace dam removals paucity data fishes than salmonids, vertebrates, invertebrates, tropical southern hemisphere organisms highlights urgent need evolutionary effects dams.

Language: Английский

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Importance of timely metadata curation to the global surveillance of genetic diversity

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(4)

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Abstract Genetic diversity within species represents a fundamental yet underappreciated level of biodiversity. Because genetic can indicate resilience to changing climate, its measurement is relevant many national and global conservation policy targets. Many studies produce large amounts genome‐scale data for wild populations, but most (87%) do not include the associated spatial temporal metadata necessary them be reused in monitoring programs or acknowledging sovereignty nations Indigenous peoples. We undertook distributed datathon quantify availability these missing test hypothesis that their decays with time. also worked remediate by extracting from published papers, online repositories, direct communication authors. Starting 848 candidate genomic sets (reduced representation whole genome) International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration, we determined 561 contained mostly samples populations. successfully restored spatiotemporal 78% ( n = 440 on 45,105 individuals 762 17 phyla). Examining papers repositories was much more fruitful than contacting 351 authors, who replied our email requests 45% Overall, 23% queries authors unearthed useful metadata. The probability retrieving declined significantly as age set increased. There 13.5% yearly decrease up 22% were only available This rapid decay availability, mirrored other types biological data, should motivate swift updates data‐sharing policies researcher practices ensure valuable context provided lost science forever.

Language: Английский

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A river runs through it: The causes, consequences, and management of intraspecific diversity in river networks

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 1195 - 1213

Published: March 3, 2020

Abstract Rivers are fascinating ecosystems in which the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of organisms constrained by particular features, and biologists have developed a wealth knowledge about freshwater biodiversity patterns. Over last 10 years, our group used holistic approach to contribute this focusing on causes consequences intraspecific diversity rivers. We conducted empirical works temperate permanent rivers from southern France, we broadened scope findings using experiments, meta‐analyses, simulations. demonstrated that (genetic) follows spatial pattern (downstream increase diversity) is repeatable across taxa (from plants vertebrates) river systems. This can result interactive processes teased apart appropriate simulation approaches. further experimentally showed matters for functioning ecosystems. It indeed affects not only community dynamics, but also key ecosystem functions such as litter degradation. means losing yield major ecological effects. Our work impact multiple human stressors revealed that—in studied systems—stocking domestic (fish) strains strongly consistently alters natural patterns diversity. highlighted need specific analytical tools tease spurious actual relationships wild. Finally, original conservation strategies at basin scale based systematic planning framework appeared pertinent preserving identified several important research avenues should facilitate understanding local adaptation rivers, identification sustaining biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships, setting reliable plans.

Language: Английский

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Fish community shifts along a strong fluvial environmental gradient revealed by eDNA metabarcoding

Environmental DNA, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 117 - 134

Published: June 1, 2021

Abstract Large rivers and their estuaries are structurally complex comprise a diversity of habitats supporting rich biodiversity. As result, identifying monitoring fish communities using traditional methods in such systems may often be logistically challenging. Using the mitochondrial DNA 12S MiFish primers, we performed an eDNA metabarcoding analysis to assess effect spatial environmental factors on variation community structure along most St. Lawrence River/Estuary/Gulf (Québec Canada), transect spanning 1300 km across from fluviatile non‐tidal section marine environment. A total 129 species were identified including freshwater species. For sectors, 80 compared with 85 previously reported based conventional sampling. also revealed similar River. Furthermore, our study improved current knowledge about brackish sections by describing transition between association drastic shift conditions observed end fluvial estuary beginning middle (brackish) estuary. Altogether, this exemplifies how is powerful tool document shifts large temperate lotic ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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The Impacts of Dam Construction and Removal on the Genetics of Recovering Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Populations across the Elwha River Watershed

Genes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 89 - 89

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

Dam construction and longitudinal river habitat fragmentation disrupt important life histories movement of aquatic species. This is especially true for Oncorhynchus mykiss that exhibits both migratory (steelhead) non-migratory (resident rainbow) forms. While the negative effects dams on salmonids have been extensively documented, few studies had opportunity to compare population genetic diversity structure prior following dam removal. Here we examine impacts removal two Elwha River genetics O. mykiss. Genetic data were produced from >1200 samples collected history forms, post-dam steelhead. We identified three clusters primarily explained by isolation due natural barriers. Following removal, decreased admixture increased. Despite large declines after construction, did not detect shifts in or allele frequencies loci putatively involved phenotypic variation. Steelhead descendants formerly below above dammed populations recolonized rapidly suggesting significantly reduce underlying strategies. These results significant evolutionary implications conservation adaptive potential current anthropogenic

Language: Английский

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By Animal, Water, or Wind: Can Dispersal Mode Predict Genetic Connectivity in Riverine Plant Species?

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 12, 2021

Seed dispersal is crucial to gene flow among plant populations. Although the effects of geographic distance and barriers are well studied in many systems, it unclear how seed mediates conjunction with interacting barriers. To test whether distinct modes (i.e., hydrochory, anemochory, zoochory) have a consistent effect on level genetic connectivity flow) populations riverine species, we used unlinked single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for eight co-distributed species sampled across Rio Branco, putative biogeographic barrier Amazon basin. We found that animal-dispersed exhibited higher levels diversity lack inbreeding as result stronger than whose seeds dispersed by water or wind. Interestingly, our results also indicated Branco facilitates all analyzed, irrespective their mode dispersal. Even at small spatial scale, findings suggest ecology rather geography play key role shaping evolutionary history plants These may help improve conservation management policies Amazonian riparian forests, where degradation deforestation rates high.

Language: Английский

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Multi-objective optimization of winter irrigation for cotton fields in salinized freeze-thaw areas

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 143, P. 126715 - 126715

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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