The Evolutionary Consequences of Dams and Other Barriers for Riverine Fishes

BioScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(5), P. 431 - 448

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Dams and other anthropogenic barriers have caused global ecological hydrological upheaval in the blink of geological eye. In present article, we synthesize 307 studies a systematic review contemporary evolution following reduced connectivity habitat alteration on freshwater fishes. Genetic diversity loss was more commonly observed for small populations impounded patches many generations behind low-passability barriers. Studies show that impoundments can cause rapid adaptive migration timing, behavior, life history, temperature tolerance, morphology, as well reduce phenotypic variance, which alter potential roles. Fish passage structures restore migratory but also create artificial selection pressures body size migration. The accelerating pace dam removals paucity data fishes than salmonids, vertebrates, invertebrates, tropical southern hemisphere organisms highlights urgent need evolutionary effects dams.

Language: Английский

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Implications of Large-Effect Loci for Conservation: A Review and Case Study with Pacific Salmon

Journal of Heredity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 113(2), P. 121 - 144

Published: Nov. 7, 2021

The increasing feasibility of assembling large genomic datasets for non-model species presents both opportunities and challenges applied conservation management. A popular theme in recent studies is the search large-effect loci that explain substantial portions phenotypic variance a key trait(s). If such can be linked to adaptations, 2 important questions arise: 1) Should information from these used reconfigure units (CUs), even if this conflicts with overall patterns genetic differentiation? 2) How should viability assessments populations larger CUs? In review, we address context Chinook salmon steelhead (anadromous form rainbow trout) show strong associations between adult migration timing specific alleles one small region. Based on polygenic paradigm (most traits are controlled by many genes effect) data available at time showing early-migrating most closely related nearby late-migrating populations, differences Pacific were considered reflect diversity within CUs rather than separate CUs. Recent data, however, suggest required early migration, lost where conditions do not support phenotypes. Contrasting determinations under US Endangered Species Act State California's equivalent legislation illustrate complexities incorporating genomics into CU configuration decisions. Regardless how defined, consider phenotypes experience disproportionate risks across geographic areas, so it becomes identify serve as reliable sources valuable resources; architecture, especially existence loci, affect evolutionary potential adaptability.

Language: Английский

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Reconnecting the Elwha River: Spatial Patterns of Fish Response to Dam Removal

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

The removal of two large dams on the Elwha River was completed in 2014 with a goal restoring anadromous salmonid populations. Using observations from ongoing field studies, we compiled timeline migratory fish passage upstream each dam. We also used spatially continuous snorkeling surveys consecutive years before (2007, 2008) and after (2018, 2019) dam during summer baseflow to assess changes distribution density over 65 km mainstem River. Before removal, fishes were limited 7.9 section river downstream Dam, potamodromous species could not migrate throughout system, resident trout most abundant species. After there rapid into areas 8 (Chinook, Coho, Sockeye, Pink, Chum, Winter Steelhead, Summer Pacific Lamprey, Bull Trout) observed within 2.5 years. All these runs except Chum Salmon upper Glines Canyon Dam 5 spatial extent by adult Chinook Steelhead increased 50 60 km, respectively, removal. Adult densities some previously inaccessible reaches middle exceeded highest lower prior number (>100) notable because it among rarest Trout remained unchanged but their total abundance shifted 25 40 km. Our results show that reconnecting through provided access portions watershed had been blocked for nearly century.

Language: Английский

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Genetic consequences of improved river connectivity in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.)

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Fragmentation of watercourses poses a significant threat to biodiversity, particularly for migratory fish species. Mitigation measures such as fishways, have been increasingly implemented restore river connectivity and support migration. The effects restoration efforts are typically tested using telemetry fisheries methods, which do not fully capture the broader population movements that may important consequences viability. We performed before‐and‐after control‐impact (BACI) study genetic tools (SNPs) investigate effect newly fishway, aiming enhance upstream spawning migration brown trout ( Salmo trutta Linnaeus) in reservoir with two headwater tributaries fragmented by man‐made weirs. Another barrier‐free was also analysed control. Our results showed isolated before installation we found structuring differentiation between fishway construction, but control reservoir. Unexpectedly, after construction observed signals consistent increased populations recruited juvenile tributary propose this caused enabled philopatric behaviour their natal tributary. In contrast, did find any changes without or system. Given scarcity similar studies, advocate an use analyses BACI studies monitor evaluate habitat inform future management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Novel operational index reveals rapid recovery of genetic connectivity in freshwater fish species after riverine restoration

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(2)

Published: Jan. 29, 2023

Abstract Hyperfragmentation of rivers by anthropogenic barriers is a major threat to biodiversity. Restoration policies are being adopted worldwide mitigate these impacts, particularly those on fish connectivity. We assessed the utility novel genetic index fragmentation, F INDEX , monitoring real‐time responses two genera restoration operations at 11 weirs in France. The outperformed traditional tools, detecting more efficiently, and thereby improving estimates recovery connectivity following restoration. Most had significant impacts before restoration, especially highest steepest ones. actions systematically improved connectivity, sometimes completely just few months, with an overall halving fragmentation levels. Our study demonstrates that current recovering practitioners may benefit from as new operational tool assess barrier strength for nonmigratory organisms plan monitor riverine

Language: Английский

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Characterization and distribution of a 14-Mb chromosomal inversion in native populations of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7)

Published: June 17, 2024

Abstract Multiple studies in a range of taxa have found links between structural variants and the development ecologically important traits. Such are becoming easier to find due, large part, increase amount genome-wide sequence data nonmodel organisms. The salmonids (salmon, trout, charr) taxonomic group with abundant datasets due their importance aquaculture, fisheries, variation multiple life-history Previous research on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has documented pericentric (∼55 Mb) chromosomal inversion (CI) chromosome 5 (Omy05) second smaller (∼14 Omy20. While Omy05 appears be associated adaptive traits, Omy20 received far less attention. In this study, we re-analyze RAD-seq amplicon from several populations (O. better document structure geographic distribution CI. Moreover, utilize phylogenomic techniques characterize both age- protein-coding gene content We that age dates early stages O. mykiss speciation predates by ∼450,000 years. 2 CIs differ further terms frequency homokaryotypes. forms CI across eastern Pacific, ancestral version is restricted southern portion species California. Furthermore, inverted haplotype comparable genetic diversity form, whereas derived typically show substantially reduced diversity. These contribute our understanding provide framework for researchers looking other species.

Language: Английский

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From threats to solutions: A literature review of climate adaptation in anadromous salmon and trout

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Understanding the evolutionary responses of anadromous salmon and trout to climate change is critical for effective conservation planning. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review literature published from 2010 2020 synthesize current knowledge on impacts these fish populations. Specifically, focused 199 papers that explored processes in response changing environmental conditions. Our analysis revealed several key themes, including interwoven influences human activities genetic variation, phenotypic traits, population dynamics. We found geographic patterns diversity are closely linked climatic gradients, highlighting importance strategies variation existing adaptive capacity. Additionally, temporal trends phenology, maturation age, fecundity indicate ongoing plastic change. Importantly, were identified as significant drivers maladaptation emphasize need targeted monitoring specific mitigate loss enhance study underscores identifying protecting areas high rare genes, particularly regions projected experience rapid shifts. conclusion, our findings identify strengths gaps research investigating role dynamics face By capitalizing new tools sequencing, genomic analysis, automated field data collection, can establish baselines tracking Better integration into projections future will lead more ensure long‐term resilience iconic species other wildlife.

Language: Английский

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Genomics‐Enabled Mixed‐Stock Analysis Uncovers Intraspecific Migratory Complexity and Detects Unsampled Populations in a Harvested Fish

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

The contributions of distinct populations to annual harvests provide key insights conservation, especially in migratory species that return specific reproductive areas. In this context, genetic stock identification (GSI) requires reference samples from source assign harvested individuals, yet sampling might be challenging as areas could remote and/or unknown. To investigate intraspecific variation walleye (Sander vitreus) two large lakes northern Quebec, we used genotyping-by-sequencing data develop a panel 303 filtered single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We then genotyped 1465 fish and assessed individual migration distances GPS coordinates capture locations. Samples were assigned population using methods, one requiring allele frequencies known (RUBIAS) the other without prior knowledge (STRUCTURE). Individual assignments reached 93% consistency between both methods main lake where identified all five major populations. However, analyses also revealed up three small unsampled Furthermore, characterised by differences average distance. contrast, assignment 99% neighbouring with high confidence having similar distribution throughout lake. complex structure patterns suggest more heterogeneous habitat thus, greater potential for local adaptation. This study highlights how combining analytical approaches can inform robustness GSI results given system detect diversity complexity relevant conservation.

Language: Английский

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A molecular specimen bank for contemporary and future study captures landscape-scale biodiversity baselines before Klamath River dam removal

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Global restoration and conservation of freshwater biodiversity are represented in practice by works such as the Klamath River Renewal Project (KRRP), largest dam removal river United States, which has reconnected 640 kilometers. With removals, many biological outcomes remain understudied due to a lack pre-impact data complex ecosystem recovery timeframes. To avoid this, we created KRRP molecular library, an environmental specimen bank, for long-term curation nucleic acids collected from project. We used these initial samples, DNA metabarcoding, generalized linear mixed-effects models evaluate patterns pre-dam fish richness diversity. Demonstrating suitability resolve differences, baseline shows that tributary mainstem streams had greater native diversity 2.3–10.7 times species than reservoirs. These future sampling efforts should, at minimum, allow tracking community response restoration. Anticipating acceleration omics innovation, preserved samples storage identified requisite phases sustained function adaptation library: securing physical facility genetic material, establishing governance structure, confirming support archive management.

Language: Английский

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The Genomics Revolution in Nonmodel Species: Predictions vs. Reality for Salmonids

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

ABSTRACT The increasing feasibility of whole‐genome sequencing has been highly anticipated, promising to transform our understanding the biology nonmodel species. Notably, dramatic cost reductions beginning around 2007 with advent high‐throughput inspired publications heralding ‘genomics revolution’, predictions about its future impacts. Although such served as useful guideposts, value is added when statements are evaluated benefit hindsight. Here, we review 10 key made early in genomics revolution, highlighting those realised while identifying challenges limiting others. We focus on concerning applied aspects and examples involving salmonid species which, due their socioeconomic ecological significance, have frontrunners applications Predicted outcomes included enhanced analytical power, deeper insights into genetic basis phenotype fitness variation, disease management breeding program advancements. many materialised, several expectations remain unmet technological, knowledge barriers. Additionally, largely unforeseen advancements, including identification applicability large‐effect loci, close‐kin mark–recapture, environmental DNA gene editing under‐anticipated value. Finally, emerging innovations artificial intelligence bioinformatics offer new directions. This retrospective evaluation impacts genomic revolution offers for

Language: Английский

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