Genomic evidence for domestication selection in three hatchery populations of Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Fish hatcheries are widely used to enhance fisheries and supplement declining wild populations. However, substantial evidence suggests that hatchery fish subject differential selection pressures compared their counterparts. Domestication selection, or adaptation the environment, poses a risk populations if traits specific success in environment have genetic component there is subsequent introgression between fish. Few studies investigated domestication on genomic level, even fewer done so parallel across multiple hatchery-wild population pairs. In this study, we low-coverage whole-genome sequencing investigate signals of three separate Chinook salmon,

Language: Английский

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Salmon hatchery strays can demographically boost wild populations at the cost of diversity: quantitative genetic modelling of Alaska pink salmon

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Hatcheries are vital to many salmon fisheries, with inherent risks and rewards. While hatcheries can increase the returns of adult fish, demographic evolutionary consequences for natural populations interacting hatchery fish on spawning grounds remain unclear. This study examined impacts stray hatchery-origin pink population productivity resilience. We explored temporal assortative mating dynamics using a quantitative genetic model that assumed only difference between hatchery- natural-origin adults was their return timing grounds. parameterized empirical data from an intensive multi-generational hatchery-wild interactions in world's largest fisheries enhancement program located Prince William Sound, Alaska. Across scenarios increasing presence grounds, our findings underscore trade-off preservation diversity. bolstered sizes towards local carrying capacities, introgression reduced variation by up 20%. Results indicated alleles rapidly assimilate into populations, despite fitness attributable phenotypic mismatches. These elucidate potential long-term arising specific interactions, emphasizing need management strategies balance conservation

Language: Английский

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Hatchery supplementation provides a demographic boost but alters age composition of sockeye salmon in Auke Lake, Southeast Alaska

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Evaluating salmon hatchery supplementation programs requires assessing not only program objectives but identifying potential risks to wild populations as well. Such evaluations can be hampered by difficulty in distinguishing between hatchery‐ and wild‐born returning adults. Here, we conducted 3 years (2011–2013) of experimental sockeye Auke Lake, Juneau, Alaska where a permanent weir allows sampling genotyping every adult (2008–2019). We identified both adults with parentage assignment, quantified the productivity (adult offspring/spawner) spawners relative that spawners, compared run timing, age, size at age Hatchery‐spawning females produced from approximately six 50 times more than did naturally spawning females. Supplementation had no discernable effect on timing limited consequences for observed distinct shift younger maturity hatchery‐born individuals all three brood years. The appeared driven fish being likely emigrate after one, rather two, lake cause is unknown. In cases when or incubation habitat limiting production, effective enhancing number without risk phenotypic change recipient population, which an undesired outcome supplementation. This study adds growing body evidence suggesting within single generation captive might widespread programs.

Language: Английский

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A single generation in the wild increases fitness for descendants of hatchery‐origin Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Reintroduction is an important tool for the recovery of imperiled species. For threatened Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) species, hatchery-origin (HOR) individuals from a nearby source are often used to reestablish populations in vacant, historically occupied habitat. However, this approach challenged by relatively low reproductive success that HOR experience when they spawn wild, relative their natural-origin (NOR) counterparts. In study, we genetic parentage analysis compare three groups adult Chinook salmon tshawytscha) reintroduced above Cougar Dam on South Fork McKenzie River, Oregon: integrated stock; first-generation, wild-born descendants (hereafter F 1s) produced at same hatchery; and NOR presumed have been below dam, mainstem or elsewhere volitionally entered trap Dam. We found 1s nearly as many offspring NORs, 1.8-fold more than HORs. This result suggests that, reintroduction program, single generation wild increases fitness salmon. Although these results encouraging, care must be taken before extrapolating our other systems.

Language: Английский

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An evaluation of the potential factors affecting lifetime reproductive success in salmonids

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1929 - 1957

Published: June 9, 2021

Abstract Lifetime reproductive success (LRS), the number of offspring produced over an organism's lifetime, is a fundamental component Darwinian fitness. For taxa such as salmonids with multiple species conservation concern, understanding factors affecting LRS critical for development and implementation successful management practices. Here, we reviewed published literature to synthesize in including significant effects hatchery rearing, life history, phenotypic variation, behavioral spawning interactions. Additionally, found that affected by competitive behavior on grounds, genetic compatibility, local adaptation, hybridization. Our review existing revealed limitations studies, emphasize following areas warrant further attention future research: (1) expanding range studies assessing across different life‐history strategies, specifically accounting distinct migratory phenotypes; (2) broadening variety represented salmonid fitness studies; (3) constructing multigenerational pedigrees track long‐term effects; (4) conducting investigate aquatic stressors, anthropogenic effects, pathogens, environmental both freshwater marine environments, overall body condition, (5) utilizing appropriate statistical approaches determine explain greatest variation providing information regarding biological significance, power limitations, potential sources error parentage studies. Overall, this emphasizes have profoundly advanced scientific fitness, but substantial challenges need be overcome assist recovery these keystone ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Reduced relative fitness in hatchery‐origin Pink Salmon in two streams in Prince William Sound, Alaska

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 429 - 446

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Previous studies generally report that hatchery-origin Pacific Salmon (

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic effects associated with salmonid supplementation and domestication

Environmental Biology of Fishes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 106(5), P. 1093 - 1111

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract Several studies have demonstrated lower fitness of salmonids born and reared in a hatchery setting compared to those nature, yet broad-scale genome-wide genetic differences between hatchery-origin natural-origin fish remained largely undetected. Recent research efforts focused on using epigenetic tools explore the role heritable changes outside variation response rearing. We synthesized results from salmonid that directly methylation fish. Overall, majority found substantial patterns overlap functional genomic regions which been replicated parallel across geographical locations. Epigenetic were consistently sperm versus along with evidence for maternal effects, providing potential source multigenerational transmission. While there clear gametic lines fish, only limited number explored mechanisms explaining these differences. outline opportunities epigenetics inform breeding rearing practices mitigate then provide possible explanations avenues future supplementation programs, including: 1) further exploration factors early development shaping differences, 2) understanding are occurring changes, 3) elucidating relationship epigenetics, phenotypic variation, fitness, 4) determining heritability marks persistence generations.

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 million pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) are released annually from hatcheries, providing natural experiment to characterize mechanisms underlying impacts populations. Using dataset > 200,000 sampled 30 8 years, we detected significant body size phenological differences hatchery‐ wild‐origin spawners, likely driven by competitive during maturation broodstock selection practices. Variation in traits was reduced hatchery fish, raising biodiversity concerns. However, phenotypic locals were positively correlated. We discuss possible that explain this pattern how it adverse associated with trait variation. This study suggests domestication widespread, but local adaptation be maintained sorting.

Language: Английский

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Influence of personality traits on the response of a modelled population of stream-dwelling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to microplastics consumption

Published: March 27, 2025

Microplastics in freshwater habitats are consumed by fish, including stream-dwelling salmonids, which can alter food consumption or negatively affect swimming and foraging behaviour. As population-level effects largely unknown, a population of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) was simulated using the agent-based model ‘inSTREAM 7’ to (biomass) behavioural changes caused microplastics consumption. Individual fish were assigned all possible combinations two personality traits (dominance, boldness/shyness) while foraging; their consumption, body length abundance tracked for three different life stages (fry, juvenile, adult) period 10 years. Three scenarios explored: low-impact scenario with causing decreased medium-impact added lower speed high-impact additional reductions efficiency. Each tested concentrations 0%, 1% (i.e. current levels) 3% future drift food. Overall, did not strongly abundance. Dominant adult disproportionally more than other especially at higher microplastic concentrations. Personality influenced response ingestion: dominant bold adults smaller when reduced; shy subordinate lowered; adults, regardless boldness, efficiency impeded, fry also less abundant this scenario. However, on only found 3%, indicating these outcomes be prevented, as levels pollution below concentration. Nevertheless, ingestion may become an stressor that interacts myriad mostly anthropogenic stressors already wild salmonid populations.

Language: Английский

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Reliability of trans‐generational genetic mark–recapture (tGMR) for enumerating Pacific salmon

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

As Pacific salmon (

Language: Английский

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