A comparison of approaches for including connectivity in systematic conservation planning DOI
Jeffrey O. Hanson, Jaimie G. Vincent, Richard Schuster

et al.

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 59(10), P. 2507 - 2519

Published: July 9, 2022

Abstract Plans for expanding protected area systems (prioritizations) often aim to facilitate connectivity. To achieve this, many approaches—based on different assumptions and datasets—have been developed. However, little is known about how such approaches influence prioritizations. We examine eight that promote connectivity in Using Washington State (USA) its avifauna as a case study, we generated prioritizations aimed meet species' representation targets by (a) maximizing total area; (b) further species representation; (c) minimizing boundary length; connecting areas based (d) human pressure, (e) naturalness‐based landscape resistance, (f) focal (g) habitat heterogeneity (h) environmental similarity. controlled expenditure, representation, existing land use policies enable comparisons among then used hierarchical cluster analysis compare prioritizations, which they selected. also evaluated well each approach facilitated measured the other approaches. found promoting can lead very or similar depending their underlying assumptions. In particular, length approach—which widely systematic conservation planning—resulted prioritization was highly dissimilar all Surprisingly, produced resistance Moreover, when comparing level of could facilitate, none high Synthesis applications . recommend carefully considering limitations underpin Our findings demonstrate produce marked differences priorities and, turn, trade‐offs between Indeed, despite ubiquity approach, practitioners might find better objectives. Practitioners our methodology help navigate them.

Language: Английский

Agriculture and climate change are reshaping insect biodiversity worldwide DOI
Charlotte L. Outhwaite, Peter McCann, Tim Newbold

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 605(7908), P. 97 - 102

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

321
Extinction filters mediate the global effects of habitat fragmentation on animals DOI Open Access
Matthew G. Betts, Christopher Wolf, Marion Pfeifer

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6470), P. 1236 - 1239

Published: Dec. 6, 2019

Vulnerability to habitat fragmentation Habitat caused by human activities has consequences for the distribution and movement of organisms. Betts et al. present a global analysis how exposure affects composition ecological communities (see Perspective Hargreaves). In dataset consisting 4489 animal species, regions that historically experienced little disturbance tended harbor higher proportion species vulnerable fragmentation. Species in more frequently disturbed were resilient. High-latitude areas resilient which suggests extinction removed fragmentation-sensitive species. Thus, conservation efforts limit are particularly important tropics. Science , this issue p. 1236 ; see also 1196

Language: Английский

Citations

212
Forest degradation drives widespread avian habitat and population declines DOI Creative Commons
Matthew G. Betts, Zhiqiang Yang, Adam S. Hadley

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 709 - 719

Published: April 28, 2022

Abstract In many regions of the world, forest management has reduced old and simplified structure composition. We hypothesized that such degradation resulted in long-term habitat loss for forest-associated bird species eastern Canada (130,017 km 2 ) which, turn, caused bird-population declines. Despite little change overall cover, we found substantial reductions as a result frequent clear-cutting broad-scale transformation to intensified forestry. Back-cast distribution models revealed breeding occurred 66% 54 most common from 1985 2020 was strongly associated with reduction age classes. Using long-term, independent dataset, amount predicted population size 94% species, declines old-forest species. Forest may therefore be primary cause biodiversity decline managed landscapes.

Language: Английский

Citations

76
Intensive farming drives long-term shifts in avian community composition DOI
J. Nicholas Hendershot, Jeffrey R. Smith, Christopher B. Anderson

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 579(7799), P. 393 - 396

Published: March 18, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

103
Responding to Ecosystem Transformation: Resist, Accept, or Direct? DOI
Laura M. Thompson, Abigail J. Lynch, Erik A. Beever

et al.

Fisheries, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 8 - 21

Published: July 23, 2020

Abstract Ecosystem transformation can be defined as the emergence of a self-organizing, self-sustaining, ecological or social–ecological system that deviates from prior ecosystem structure and function. These transformations are occurring across globe; consequently, static view processes is likely no longer sufficient for managing fish, wildlife, other species. We present framework encompasses three strategies fish wildlife managers dealing with ecosystems vulnerable to transformation. Specifically, resist change strive maintain existing composition, structure, function; accept when it not feasible changes deemed socially acceptable; direct future configuration would yield desirable outcomes. Choice particular option hinges on anticipating change, while also acknowledging temporal spatial scales, recent history current state system, magnitude factor into decision. This suite management implemented using structured approach learning adapting change.

Language: Английский

Citations

89
The evolution, ecology, and conservation of hummingbirds and their interactions with flowering plants DOI
Kara G. Leimberger, Bo Dalsgaard, Joseph A. Tobias

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 97(3), P. 923 - 959

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

ABSTRACT The ecological co‐dependency between plants and hummingbirds is a classic example of mutualistic interaction: rely on floral nectar to fuel their rapid metabolisms, more than 7000 plant species for pollination. However, threats are mounting, with 10% 366 considered globally threatened 60% in decline. Despite the important implications these population declines, no recent review has examined plant–hummingbird interactions wider context evolution, ecology, conservation. To provide this overview, we ( i ) assess extent which have coevolved over millions years, ii examine mechanisms underlying interaction frequencies hummingbird specialization, iii explore factors driving decline populations, iv map out directions future research We find that, despite close associations hummingbirds, acquiring evidence coevolution versus one‐sided adaptation) difficult because data fitness outcomes both partners required. Thus, linking reproduction not only major avenue coevolutionary work, but also studies networks, rarely incorporate pollinator effectiveness. Nevertheless, past decade, growing body literature networks suggests that form relationships primarily based overlapping phenologies trait‐matching bill length flower length. On other hand, species‐level specialization appears depend local community context, such as abundance availability. Finally, although commonly viewed resilient opportunists thrive brushy habitats, range size forest dependency key predictors extinction risk. A critical direction how potential stressors – habitat loss fragmentation, climate change, introduction non‐native may interact affect they pollinate.

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Local adaptation in a marine foundation species: Implications for resilience to future global change DOI
Katherine DuBois, Kenzie N. Pollard,

Brian J. Kauffman

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 2596 - 2610

Published: Jan. 10, 2022

Environmental change is multidimensional, with local anthropogenic stressors and global climate interacting to differentially impact populations throughout a species' geographic range. Within species, the spatial distribution of phenotypic variation its causes (i.e., adaptation or plasticity) will determine adaptive capacity respond changing environment. However, comparatively less known about scale differentiation among how patterns might drive vulnerability stressors. To test whether fine-scale (2-12 km) mosaics environmental stress can cause in marine foundation eelgrass (Zostera marina), we conducted three-way reciprocal transplant experiment spanning length Tomales Bay, CA. Our results revealed strong home-site advantage growth survival for all three populations. In subsequent common garden experiments feeding assays, showed that countergradients temperature, light availability, grazing pressure from an introduced herbivore contribute differential performance consistent adaptation. findings highlight local-scale increase neighboring populations, potentially increasing species resilience future change. More specifically, identified range-center population pre-adapted extremely warm temperatures similar those experienced by low-latitude range-edge eelgrass, demonstrating reservoirs heat-tolerant phenotypes may already exist Future work on predicting should incorporate potential buffering effects promote management approach conservation.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
The macroecology of landscape ecology DOI
Cristina Banks‐Leite, Matthew G. Betts, Robert M. Ewers

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 480 - 487

Published: Feb. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Evolutionarily distinct lineages of a migratory bird of prey show divergent responses to climate change DOI Creative Commons
Joan Ferrer, Anastasios Bounas, Mattia Brambilla

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 13, 2025

Accurately predicting species' responses to anthropogenic climate change is hampered by limited knowledge of their spatiotemporal ecological and evolutionary dynamics. We combine landscape genomics, demographic reconstructions, species distribution models assess the eco-evolutionary past fluctuations future an Afro-Palaearctic migratory raptor, lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni). uncover two evolutionarily ecologically distinct lineages (European Asian), whose history, divergence, historical range were profoundly shaped climatic fluctuations. Using projections, we find that Asian lineage at higher risk contraction, increased migration distance, maladaptation, consequently greater extinction than European lineage. Our results emphasise importance providing context as a baseline for understanding contemporary change, illustrate how incorporating intraspecific genetic variation improves realism vulnerability assessments.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Predicting the joint effects of future climate and land use change on ecosystem health in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China DOI

Zhenzhen Pan,

Jianhua He, Dianfeng Liu

et al.

Applied Geography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 102293 - 102293

Published: Aug. 26, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

70