Declining potential nectar production of the herb layer in temperate forests under global change DOI
Wim De Schuyter, Emiel De Lombaerde, Leen Depauw

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(4), P. 832 - 847

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Wild pollinators are crucial for ecosystem functioning and human food production often rely on floral resources provided by different (semi‐) natural ecosystems survival. Yet, the role of European forests, especially forest herb layer, as a potential provider has scarcely been quantified. In this study, we measured nectar (PNP) layer using resurvey data across 3326 plots in temperate forests Europe, with an average time interval 41 years between both surveys order to assess (i) importance providing wild pollinators, (ii) intra‐annual variation PNP, (iii) overall change PNP survey periods (iv) periods. The estimates availability based relative cover plant species layer. Although overestimates actual production, differences amongst provide valid informative way analyse space. Our results show that large pollinator communities, which is greatest spring, almost 16 g sugar/m 2 /year. However, drastically declined (mean plot‐level decline >24%). Change light availability, associated shifts canopy structure composition, key driver temporal changes. Synthesis . study shows if management activities carefully planned sustain nectar‐producing layers whole can play roles sustaining populations.

Language: Английский

Forest microclimates and climate change: Importance, drivers and future research agenda DOI
Pieter De Frenne, Jonathan Lenoir, Miska Luoto

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 2279 - 2297

Published: March 16, 2021

Abstract Forest microclimates contrast strongly with the climate outside forests. To fully understand and better predict how forests' biodiversity functions relate to change, need be integrated into ecological research. Despite potentially broad impact of on response forest ecosystems global our understanding within below tree canopies modulate biotic responses change at species, community ecosystem level is still limited. Here, we review spatial temporal variation in result from an interplay features, local water balance, topography landscape composition. We first stress exemplify importance considering across landscapes. Next, explain macroclimate warming (of free atmosphere) can affect microclimates, vice versa, via interactions land‐use changes different biomes. Finally, perform a priority ranking future research avenues interface microclimate ecology biology, specific focus three key themes: (1) disentangling abiotic drivers feedbacks microclimates; (2) regional mapping predictions (3) impacts functioning face change. The availability microclimatic data will significantly increase coming decades, characterizing variability unprecedented scales relevant biological processes This revolutionize dynamics, implications functions, changes. In order support sustainable use forests secure their services for generations, cannot ignored.

Language: Английский

Citations

637
Microclimate and forest density drive plant population dynamics under climate change DOI
Pieter Sanczuk, Karen De Pauw, Emiel De Lombaerde

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 840 - 847

Published: July 24, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Enhancing Tree Performance Through Species Mixing: Review of a Quarter-Century of TreeDivNet Experiments Reveals Research Gaps and Practical Insights DOI
Leen Depauw, Emiel De Lombaerde, Els Dhiedt

et al.

Current Forestry Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 1 - 20

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Seeing beyond the trees: a comparison of tropical and temperate plant growth forms and their vertical distribution DOI
Michelle Elise Spicer,

Hannah Mellor,

Walter P. Carson

et al.

Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 101(4)

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

Abstract Forests are the most diverse and productive terrestrial ecosystems on Earth, so sustainably managing them for future is a major global challenge. Yet, our understanding of forest diversity relies almost exclusively study trees. Here, we demonstrate unequivocally that other growth forms (shrubs, lianas, herbs, epiphytes) make up majority vascular plant species in both tropical temperate forests. By comparing relative distribution richness among over 3,400 18 forests Americas, construct first high‐resolution quantification form across two ecologically important regions at near‐continental scale. We also quantify physical layers, is, where vertical strata plants ultimately live their adult lives, show strongly downshifted vs. Our data illustrate previously unquantified fundamental difference between forests: what speciose, they forest. Recognizing these differences requires re‐focus ecological research management plans to encompass broader suite forms. This more holistic perspective essential conserve biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

91
Light availability and land‐use history drive biodiversity and functional changes in forest herb layer communities DOI
Leen Depauw, Michael P. Perring, Dries Landuyt

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 108(4), P. 1411 - 1425

Published: Dec. 19, 2019

Abstract A central challenge of today's ecological research is predicting how ecosystems will develop under future global change. Accurate predictions are complicated by (a) simultaneous effects different drivers, such as climate change, nitrogen deposition and management changes; (b) legacy from previous land use. We tested whether herb layer biodiversity (i.e. richness, Shannon diversity evenness) functional cover, specific leaf area [SLA] plant height) responses to environmental change drivers depended on land‐use history. used resurvey data 192 plots across nineteen European temperate forest regions, with large spatial variability in factors. for interactions between history, distinguishing ancient recent post‐agricultural) forests four drivers: temperature, deposition, aridity at the regional scale light dynamics plot‐scale. Land‐use history significantly modulated signature SLA height). Light availability was main driver interacting found greater cover height decreases increases decreasing than forests. Furthermore, we increased forests, whereas warming had strongest effect Interactive were not found, but species evenness more Synthesis . Our results demonstrate that should be overlooked when Moreover, composition semi‐natural deciduous mainly controlled local canopy characteristics, regulating levels floor, much less changes (here: warming, aridity). The observed disconnect demonstrates importance assessing both types increase our understanding possible impact layer.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
The significance of tree-tree interactions for forest ecosystem functioning DOI Creative Commons
Stefan Trogisch, Xiaojuan Liu, Gemma Rutten

et al.

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 33 - 52

Published: Feb. 9, 2021

Global change exposes forest ecosystems to many risks including novel climatic conditions, increased frequency of extremes and sudden emergence spread pests pathogens. At the same time, landscape restoration has regained global attention as an integral strategy for climate mitigation. Owing unpredictable future need new forests that provide multiple ecosystem services, mixed-species have been advocated this purpose. However, successful establishment mixed requires intrinsic knowledge biodiversity's role functioning. In respect, a better understanding tree-tree interactions how they contribute observed positive tree species richness effects on key functions is critical. Here, we review current underlying mechanisms argue net biodiversity at community scale may emerge from dominance over negative local neighbourhood scale. second step, demonstrate immediate neighbourhood's can be systematically assessed in diversity experiment. The expected results will improve predictions about functioning based general principles. We urgently required guide design mixtures newly planted forests.

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Wildflower phenological escape differs by continent and spring temperature DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin R. Lee, Tara K. Miller, Christoph Rosche

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Temperate understory plant species are at risk from climate change and anthropogenic threats that include increased deer herbivory, habitat loss, pollinator declines mismatch, nutrient pollution. Recent work suggests spring ephemeral wildflowers may be additional due to phenological mismatch with deciduous canopy trees. The study of this dynamic, commonly referred as “phenological escape”, its sensitivity temperature is limited eastern North America. Here, we use herbarium specimens show remarkably conserved for across America, Europe, Asia, but trees in America significantly more sensitive compared Asia Europe. We predict advancing tree phenology will lead decreasing light windows while maintained or even increase Europe response projected warming.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Forest understory vegetation study: current status and future trends DOI Creative Commons
Jiaojiao Deng, Shuai Fang, Xiang-Min Fang

et al.

Forestry Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Understory vegetation accounts for a large proportion of floral diversity. It provides various ecosystem functions and services, such as productivity, nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition self-regeneration. This review summarizes the available literature on current status progress ten most studied branches understory both its structural functional aspects based global climate change forest management practices. Future research directions priorities each branch is suggested, where in response to interplay multiple environmental factors long-term monitoring using ground-based surveys combined with more efficient modern techniques highlighted, although critical role processes individually verified context practices or changes have been extensively investigated. In summary, this insights into effective regeneration restoration ecosystems, well maintenance multilevel structures, spatial patterns, ecological functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Trade-offs in biodiversity and ecosystem services between edges and interiors in European forests DOI
Thomas Vanneste, Leen Depauw, Emiel De Lombaerde

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 880 - 887

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Multiple drivers of functional diversity in temperate forest understories: Climate, soil, and forest structure effects DOI Creative Commons
Stefano Chelli, Alessandro Bricca, James L. Tsakalos

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 916, P. 170258 - 170258

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

In macroecology, shifting from coarse- to local-scale explanatory factors is crucial for understanding how global change impacts functional diversity (FD). Plants possess diverse traits allowing them differentially respond across a spectrum of environmental conditions. We aim assess macro- microclimate, stand-scale measured soil properties, forest structure, and management type, influence understorey FD at the macroecological scale. Our study covers Italian forests, using thirteen predictors categorized into climate, soil, management. analyzed five (i.e., specific leaf area, plant size, seed mass, belowground bud bank clonal lateral spread) capturing independent dimensions calculate standardized effect size (SES-FD) all (multi-trait) single traits. Multiple regression models were applied on SES-FD. revealed that structure significantly drive SES-FD bank. Forest had limited only. However, differences emerged between herbaceous woody growth forms layer, with species mainly responding climate features, while affected by structure. Future warmer more seasonal could reduce resource economics, persistence strategies understorey. Soil eutrophication acidification may impact regeneration strategies; canopy closure affects above- traits, larger species. Multifunctional approaches are vital disentangle changes since specialization axes modulated different drivers.

Language: Английский

Citations

12