Plant height as an indicator for alpine carbon sequestration and ecosystem response to warming

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 890 - 900

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract Growing evidence indicates that plant community structure and traits have changed under climate warming, especially in cold or high-elevation regions. However, the impact of these warming-induced changes on ecosystem carbon sequestration remains unclear. Using a warming experiment Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we found not only increased species height but also altered composition, collectively resulting taller associated with net productivity (NEP). Along 1,500 km transect promoted NEP soil through chlorophyll content other photosynthetic at level. Overall, as dominant trait is composition regulates C biome. This trait-based association provides new insights into predicting direction, magnitude sensitivity fluxes response to warming.

Language: Английский

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Effects of drought and meteorological forcing on carbon and water fluxes in Nordic forests during the dry summer of 2018

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1810), P. 20190516 - 20190516

Published: Sept. 6, 2020

The Nordic region was subjected to severe drought in 2018 with a particularly long-lasting and large soil water deficit Denmark, Southern Sweden Estonia. Here, we analyse the impact of on carbon fluxes 11 forest ecosystems different composition: spruce, pine, mixed deciduous. We assess by estimating difference (anomaly) between year reference without drought. Unexpectedly, evaporation only slightly reduced during compared at two sites while it increased or nearly unchanged all other sites. This occurred under 40 60% reduction mean surface conductance concurrent increase evaporative demand due warm dry weather. anomaly net ecosystem productivity (NEP) 93% explained multilinear regression heterotrophic respiration relative precipitation as independent variables. Most variation (77%) component. Six out forests their annual NEP more than 50 g C m-2 yr-1 year. ranged -389 +74 median value -59 yr-1. article is part theme issue 'Impacts heatwave Europe: from site continental scale'.

Language: Английский

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Heat and drought impact on carbon exchange in an age-sequence of temperate pine forests

Ecological Processes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Most North American temperate forests are plantation or regrowth forests, which actively managed. These in different stages of their growth cycles and ability to sequester atmospheric carbon is affected by extreme weather events. In this study, the impact heat drought events on sequestration an age-sequence (80, 45, 17 years as 2019) eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) southern Ontario, Canada was examined using eddy covariance flux measurements from 2003 2019.Over 17-year study period, mean annual values net ecosystem productivity (NEP) were 180 ± 96, 538 177 64 165 g C m-2 yr-1 80-, 45- 17-year-old stands, respectively, with highest rate observed 45-year-old stand. We found that air temperature (Ta) dominant control NEP all three different-aged stands drought, a limiting factor for both gross (GEP) ecosystems respiration (RE), had smaller NEP. However, simultaneous occurrence during early growing seasons over consecutive significant negative forests. similar trend decline experienced events, 2016 being hot dry, 2017 2018 year. The youngest stand became source these oldest small first time since observations started 2003. 2019, reverted sinks.Our results indicate timing, frequency concurrent may have implications conifer Eastern America. This one few globally available provide long-term observational data exchanges It highlights interannual variability fluxes enhances our understanding responses forest Study will help developing climate resilient sustainable forestry practices offset greenhouse gas emissions improving simulation exchange processes terrestrial models.

Language: Английский

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Thermal sensitivity across forest vertical profiles: patterns, mechanisms, and ecological implications

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(1), P. 22 - 47

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Rising temperatures are influencing forests on many scales, with potentially strong variation vertically across forest strata. Using published research and new analyses, we evaluate how microclimate leaf temperatures, traits, gas exchange vary in forests, shaping tree, ecosystem ecology. In closed-canopy upper canopy leaves exposed to the highest solar radiation evaporative demand, which can elevate temperature (Tleaf ), particularly when transpirational cooling is curtailed by limited stomatal conductance. However, foliar traits also height or light gradients, partially mitigating protecting against elevation of Tleaf . Leaf metabolism generally increases vertical gradient, yet differences thermal sensitivity gradient appear modest. Scaling from trees, trees have higher absolute metabolic capacity growth, more vulnerable drought damaging than their smaller counterparts, under climate change. By contrast, understory experience fewer extreme high 's but mechanisms thus may be strongly impacted warming some conditions, a harsher microenvironment through disturbance. As changes, integrating patterns reviewed here into models will critical forecasting forest-climate feedback.

Language: Английский

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Warming response of peatland CO2 sink is sensitive to seasonality in warming trends

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 743 - 749

Published: July 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Long‐term changes in forest response to extreme atmospheric dryness

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(18), P. 5379 - 5396

Published: June 28, 2023

Abstract Atmospheric dryness, as indicated by vapor pressure deficit (VPD), has a strong influence on forest greenhouse gas exchange with the atmosphere. In this study, we used long‐term (10–30 years) net ecosystem productivity (NEP) measurements from 60 sites across world (1003 site‐years) to quantify changes in NEP resistance and recovery response extreme atmospheric dryness. We tested two hypotheses: first, differences of forests will depend both biophysical characteristics (i.e., leaf area index [LAI] type) well local meteorological conditions site mean VPD site), second, experiencing an increasing trend frequency intensity dryness show over time due emergence ecological stress memory. data‐driven statistical learning approach multiple years. Our results showed that types, LAI, median explained 50% variance recovery, drier showing higher compared less The impact events lasted for up 3 days following most severe forests, than 100%. rejected our second hypothesis found no consistent relationship between trends different sites, thus increase it is predicted might not or terms NEP.

Language: Английский

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Drought response of the boreal forest carbon sink is driven by understorey–tree composition

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 197 - 204

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract The boreal forest is an important global carbon sink, but its response to drought remains uncertain. Here, we compiled biometric- and chamber-based flux data from 50 stands assess the impact of 2018 European summer on net ecosystem production (NEP) across a 68 km 2 managed landscape in northern Sweden. Our results reveal non-uniform reduction NEP (on average by 80 ± 16 g C m −2 yr − 1 or 57 13%) landscape, which was greatest young 20–50 years (95 39 ), gradually decreased towards older (54 ). This pattern attributed higher sensitivity forest-floor understorey decreasing contribution relative trees during stand development. suggests that age-dependent shift understorey–tree composition with increasing age drives NEP. Thus, our study advocates need for partitioning responses improve empirical modelling assessments cycle–climate feedbacks forests. It further implies structure may strongly determine sink projected increase events landscape.

Language: Английский

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AmeriFlux: Its Impact on our understanding of the ‘breathing of the biosphere’, after 25 years

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 348, P. 109929 - 109929

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of extreme seasonal drought on ecosystem carbon‒water coupling across China

Advances in Climate Change Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 914 - 923

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Water use efficiency (WUE) is a critical evaluation indicator of ecosystem responses to climate change and its extremes. However, the influence timing extreme drought on variation WUE under severe water stress has not been studied extensively. In particular, modulation impacts regional hydro-climatic conditions biome types poorly understood. Considering observation-based flux index datasets, this study examined impact seasonal in China attempted reveal underlying drivers variations impacts. Results showed that direction magnitude depend occurrence time dynamics ecological climatic conditions. Across vegetated regions China, most widespread reduction was observed summer, whereas approximately 60% area positive changes spring. Furthermore, co-regulation characteristics background environmental determining highlighted. Classification regression tree analysis results illustrate leaf (LAI) dominated response China. Regions with lower LAI experienced more serious reductions drought. These findings indicate importance accounting for interaction between seasonality features assessing impacts, thus contributing improving modelling terrestrial extremes global warming.

Language: Английский

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Divergent seasonal responses of carbon fluxes to extreme droughts over China

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 328, P. 109253 - 109253

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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