Soil carbon insures arable crop production against increasing adverse weather due to climate change DOI Creative Commons
Nils Droste, Wilhelm May, Yann Clough

et al.

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Intensification of arable crop production degrades soil health and potential through loss organic carbon. This, potentially, reduces agriculture's resilience to climate change thus food security. Furthermore, the expected increase in frequency adverse extreme weather events due are likely affect yields differently, depending on when growing season they occur. We show that carbon provides farmers with a natural insurance against gain yield stability more resilient production. To do this, we combined observations from 12 sites 54 years Swedish long-term agricultural experiments historical data. account for heterogenous effects, partitioned into four representative phases two major cereal crops. Thereby, provide evidence higher increases gains favourable conditions losses how this occurs over different stages season. However, management practices restore stock, contributing mitigation adaptation, usually come at cost foregone farmer short term. halt degradation make change, need policies address public benefits conservation restoration.

Language: Английский

Environmental sustainability of negative emissions technologies: A review DOI Creative Commons

Harish Kumar Jeswani,

Djasmine Mastisya Saharudin, Adisa Azapagic

et al.

Sustainable Production and Consumption, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 608 - 635

Published: July 5, 2022

Negative emissions technologies (NETs) are expected to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. However, there also concerns that large scale deployment of NETs may cause various environmental impacts due the use land, water and energy resources. A number studies have assessed performance NETs; however, comprehensive review comparing range different is not available literature. To address this research gap, paper compares life cycle assessment (LCA) following options for which data were literature: bioenergy with carbon capture storage (BECCS), biochar incorporation into soil, afforestation reforestation, soil sequestration, building biomass, direct air (DACCS), enhanced weathering mineral carbonation. It evident from these can net negative GHG emissions, ranging −603 kg CO2 eq./t removed biomass −1173 soil. estimates removal potentials vary widely among each technology as well owing technological differences, methodological choices differing assumptions. For example, global warming potential (GWP) varies reviewed between positive impact 1710 GWP 3300 removed, depending upon feedstock, pyrolysis assumptions credits co-products co-benefits. Overall, used amendment has lowest per tonne followed by while ranks last. The reveals could lead increase other impacts. Especially, non-bio (DACCS, carbonation) leads relatively high fossil depletion, acidification human toxicity. These be reduced if demand met renewables instead fuels. identifies several issues challenges conducting LCA provides recommendations them.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia DOI Creative Commons
M.L. Jat, Debashis Chakraborty, J. K. Ladha

et al.

Crop and Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 86 - 101

Published: March 1, 2022

South Asia is a global hotspot for climate change with enormous pressure on land and water resources feeding the burgeoning population. The agricultural production systems are highly vulnerable in region primarily dominated by small marginal farmers intensive farming practices that had favored loss of carbon (C) from soil. This review discusses potential soil crop management such as minimum/reduced/no-tillage, use organic manure, balanced integrated plant nutrient application, precision levelling, pest management, residue cropping system optimization to maintain C-equilibrium between atmosphere enhance C-sequestration long run. Results meta-analysis show 36% increase C stock top 0–15 cm layer this which amounts ∼18 Mg stocks ha−1. Improved across crops environment may reduce methane em0ission 12% resulting an 8% reduction warming (GWP), while non-submerged condition led 51% GWP rice. Conservation agriculture fertilization also reduced 11 14%, respectively. Although several innovative resilient technologies having significant have been developed, there urgent need their scaling accelerated adoption C-sequestration. Policies programs be devised incentivizing adopt more C-neutral or C-positive practices. national governments other agencies should work towards together initiatives "4 per 1000" Initiative Global Soil Partnership, regional public-private partnership credits Regenerative Agriculture Grow Indigo-CIMMYT-ICAR India, addition research policy changes. will vital success sequestration action Asia.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Weaponising microbes for peace DOI Creative Commons
Shailly Anand, John E. Hallsworth, James Kenneth Timmis

et al.

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 1091 - 1111

Published: March 7, 2023

There is much human disadvantage and unmet need in the world, including deficits basic resources services considered to be rights, such as drinking water, sanitation hygiene, healthy nutrition, access healthcare, a clean environment. Furthermore, there are substantive asymmetries distribution of key among peoples. These can lead local regional crises peoples competing for limited resources, which, turn, become sources discontent conflict. Such conflicts have potential escalate into wars even global instability. Ergo: addition moral ethical imperatives level up, ensure that all essential living reduce inequalities, nations self-interest pursue with determination available avenues promote peace through reducing world. Microorganisms pertinent microbial technologies unique exceptional abilities provide, or contribute provision of, lacking many parts thereby address might constitute However, deployment this end seriously underexploited. Here, we highlight some emerging demand greater consideration exploitation endeavours eliminate unnecessary deprivations, enable lives remove preventable grounds competition over We exhort central actors: microbiologists, funding agencies philanthropic organisations, politicians worldwide international governmental non-governmental engage - full partnership relevant stakeholders, 'weaponise' microbes fight resource asymmetries, particular most vulnerable populations, create humanitarian conditions more conducive harmony peace.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Contestations in the emerging soil-based carbon economy: towards a research agenda DOI Creative Commons
Julie Ingram, Damian Maye, Mark S. Reed

et al.

Sustainability Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Abstract This paper highlights the need to consider processes and relations in political, knowledge, technical socio-material complex that underpins emergence of a soil-based carbon economy. economy, characterised by proliferation voluntary markets, farming policies, supply chain other initiatives, operates through private mechanisms (offsetting, insetting) public policy instruments. emerging economy entails number inherent political knowledge contestations associated with claims around mitigation potential soil sequestration farming. We adapt social ecological systems (SES) framework understand these draw on corpus agricultural, ecological, science literatures identify pose critical questions for future research. conceptualise as interactions outcomes among actors embedded within defined SES (governance, resource systems, units, actors). Five themes are identified: Marketisation, abstraction technogovernance; Power expert knowledge; Disputing meaning value carbon; Disruptions: new interfaces, configurations actor relations; Uncertainties capabilities. These underpin research agenda proposal. argue an integrative conceptualisation is essential equitably account broad mix social, technical, economic, contexts which present options operationalising conceptualisation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Responses of soil greenhouse gas emissions to no-tillage: A global meta-analysis DOI
Zhaoxin Li, Qiuying Zhang,

Li Zhao

et al.

Sustainable Production and Consumption, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 479 - 492

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

21
A quantitative review of the effects of residue removing on soil organic carbon in croplands DOI
Roberto Álvarez

Soil and Tillage Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 240, P. 106098 - 106098

Published: March 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Impacts of climate change on crop production and soil carbon stock in a continuous wheat cropping system in southeast England DOI
Shuo Liang, Nan Sun, Jeroen Meersmans

et al.

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 108909 - 108909

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Towards Indicators for a Negative Emissions Climate Stabilisation Index: Problems and Prospects DOI Open Access
Mathias Fridahl, Anders Hansson, Simon Haikola

et al.

Climate, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 75 - 75

Published: June 11, 2020

The incongruence between the United Nations objective to hold global warming well below 2 °C and rate of emission reductions has intensified interest in negative emissions. Previous research explored several pros cons individual emissions technologies. Systematised approaches comparing prioritising among them are, however, largely lacking. In response this gap literature, article reviews scientific literature on indicators for designing climate stabilisation value indexes. An index typically provides summary measures components, often denoted indicators. Utilizing a narrative review methodology, derives five categories underpinned by overlapping mutually reinforcing environmental socio-economic values. A list 21 are proposed capture both positive values associated with effectiveness, efficiency, scale, risk, synergies. While discussing capable providing guidance is timely, given emerging shift away from pure reduction targets towards net-zero targets, numerous complexities involved determining their relative results herein serve inform policy making prioritisation incentivisation technologies delivering new objectives, highlight many risks uncertainties such exercises. concludes that systematic comparison NETs incomplete. iterative, interdisciplinary programme exploring questions potential be extremely rewarding.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Global soil organic carbon changes and economic revenues with biochar application DOI Creative Commons
Mengjie Han, Qing Zhao, Wei Li

et al.

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 364 - 377

Published: Dec. 8, 2021

Abstract Biochar has been proposed as a promising negative CO 2 emission technology to mitigate future climate change with the additional benefit of increasing agricultural production. However, spatial responses soil organic carbon (SOC) biochar addition in cropland are still uncertain, and economic feasibility large‐scale implementation remains unclear. Here, we analyzed response SOC using 389 paired field measurements. The results show that significantly increased by 45.8% on average large regional variations. Using random forest model trained soil, climate, biotic, biochar, management factors, found was mainly dependent application rates, initial SOC, edaphic (e.g., pH), climatic mean annual precipitation) variables. Combined predicted changes global cropland, assessed revenue system based current potential pyrolysis plants world life‐cycle analysis. Net currently existing 144 increases larger plant capacity higher price. Potential building new is high regions like America Europe but low infertile crop residues availability, inconvenient transportation. removal 6.6 Tg e (CO equivalent) year −1 net $ 177 million dollars at price 50 t for biomass‐processing 20,000 . Our study provides full assessment idealized scenarios identifies locations maximal revenues plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Countries’ commitments to soil organic carbon in Nationally Determined Contributions DOI Creative Commons
Liesl Wiese, Eva Wollenberg,

Viridiana Alcántara-Shivapatham

et al.

Climate Policy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 1005 - 1019

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Soil carbon is the major active pool of terrestrial carbon, and as such, soil organic (SOC) targets, policies measures will be pivotal to achieving global climate targets. SOC sequestration may reduce net annual greenhouse gas emissions from Agriculture, Forestry Other Land Use by between 3% 71%, while simultaneously supporting various ecosystem services. Accurate accounting monitoring, however, constrained technical challenges related indicators, rates change, measuring impact management practices on SOC, long-term persistence sequestered SOC. We assessed countries' pledges Paris Agreement for in agriculture better understand level, transparency, specificity commitments. Reviewing 184 initial Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), we considered whether was included, what pledged, level ambition promised mitigation Twenty-eight countries referred their NDCs, citing quantified or unquantified national programs, actions implemented agricultural lands (14), peatlands (6) wetlands (14). Countries' reasons not including NDCs included need prioritize goals sustainable development food security above mitigation, a lack incentives farmers improve practices, difficulty accurately monitoring changes Including targets can NDCs' comprehensiveness transparency track compare policy progress across NDCs; it also leverage SOC-related finance, support, capacity building.Key insights Many specify known have potential achieve protection without explicitly mentioning The these future NDCs.NDCs are presently good indicator interest commitment action at level. To this, with existing policies, commitments NDCs.Increased collaboration experience managing needing support develop land users would facilitate provision such needed support.To increase country attention there improved measurement evidence impacts change overcome barriers.

Language: Английский

Citations

38