Know Thy Anemone: A Review of Threats to Octocorals and Anemones and Opportunities for Their Restoration DOI Creative Commons
Rosemary Steinberg, Katherine A. Dafforn, Tracy D. Ainsworth

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: July 22, 2020

In studies of habitat-forming species, those that are not spatially dominant often considered ‘non-primary’ habitat and may be overlooked. This is despite the fact minority formers can provide critical complexity, food, other services underpin ecosystem biodiversity. Octocorals anemones found in marine estuarine habitats across all climate zones. Despite their potentially important ecological roles, to date there have been few specific threats stressors or attempts at restoration. Here we review ecology octocorals with a focus on We identify many including damage, collection trade, disease, predation, pollution, most wide-spread – change. While evidence suggests some anemone populations more resilient disturbances than stony corals because they recruit grow quickly, resilience guaranteed. Instead, susceptibility within this large group likely site species specific. find loss has difficult quantify as no hard structures remain following mortality event. Only through long-term monitoring efforts researchers able document change these populations. Due increasing extent severity human impacts ecosystems, restoration forming becoming increasingly necessary after disturbance events. To illustrate challenges ahead for octocoral restoration, present two examples ongoing assessed against International Standards Practice Ecological Restoration. Restoration planning implementation progress documented Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum temperate Australian cauliflower soft coral, Dendronephthya australis. detailed case demonstrate while reef systems, greater research ecology, threats, potential urgently required.

Language: Английский

A review of the combined effects of climate change and other local human stressors on the marine environment DOI Creative Commons
Elena Gissi, Elisabetta Manea, Antonios D. Mazaris

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 755, P. 142564 - 142564

Published: Sept. 29, 2020

Climate change (CC) is a key, global driver of marine ecosystems. At local and regional scales, other human stressors (LS) can interact with CC modify its effects on Understanding the response environment to combined LS crucial inform ecosystem-based management planning, yet our knowledge potential such interactions fragmented. scale, we explored how cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) have addressed in realm discuss progress shortcomings current approaches. For this conducted systematic review CEAs investigated at different levels biological organization ecological responses, functional aspects, HS. Globally, 52 27 CC-related been studied combination, as industrial fisheries temperature, or sea level rise artisanal fisheries, litter, sediment load introduced alien species. generally intensified species level. trophic groups ecosystem levels, either mitigated HS depending environmental conditions involved, thus suggesting that are context-dependent vary among within Our results highlight large-scale spatial interaction remain limited. More importantly, strengthen urgent need capture local-scale exacerbate climate-induced changes. Ultimately, will allow identifying measures aid counteracting relevant scales.

Language: Английский

Citations

259
Biogeochemical extremes and compound events in the ocean DOI
Nicolas Gruber, Philip W. Boyd, Thomas L. Frölicher

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 600(7889), P. 395 - 407

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

243
Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene DOI Creative Commons
Terry P. Hughes, Andrew H. Baird, Tiffany H. Morrison

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 656 - 665

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Changes in Rocky Intertidal Community Structure During a Marine Heatwave in the Northern Gulf of Alaska DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin P. Weitzman, Brenda Konar, Katrin Iken

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Marine heatwaves are global phenomena that can have major impacts on the structure and function of coastal ecosystems. By mid-2014, Pacific Heatwave (PMH) was evident in intertidal waters northern Gulf Alaska persisted for multiple years. While offshore marine ecosystems known to respond these warmer waters, response rocky this warming is unclear. Intertidal communities link terrestrial their resources important predators human food recreation, while simultaneously supporting a growing tourism industry. Given current climate change projections suggest increased frequency duration heatwaves, monitoring understanding habitats important. As part Watch Long-Term Monitoring program, we examined community at 21 sites across four regions spanning 1,200 km coastline: Western Prince William Sound, Kenai Fjords National Park, Kachemak Bay, Katmai Park Preserve. Sites were monitored annually from 2012 2019 mid low tidal strata. Before-PMH (2012–2014), differed among regions. We found macroalgal foundation species declined during period mirroring patterns observed elsewhere subtidal habitat formers heatwave events. The region-wide shift an autotroph-macroalgal dominated heterotroph-filter-feeder state concurrent with changing environmental conditions associated event suggests PMH had Gulf-wide communities. During/after-PMH (2015–2019), similarities regions, leading greater homogenization communities, due declines cover, driven mostly by decline rockweed, Fucus distichus , other fleshy red algae 2015, followed increase barnacle cover 2016, mussel 2017. Strong, large-scale oceanographic events, like PMH, may override local drivers similarly influence structure.

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Investigation of marine temperature changes across temporal and spatial Gradients: Providing a fundament for studies on the effects of warming on marine ecosystem function and biodiversity DOI Creative Commons
Felipe de Luca Lopes de Amorim, Karen Helen Wiltshire, Peter Lemke

et al.

Progress In Oceanography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 216, P. 103080 - 103080

Published: June 29, 2023

A current critical issue in climate change studies is how temperature changes and shifts on different spatial temporal scales can affect organisms terms of trends, variability frequency extremes. In this paper, we analysed marine data scales. We related the sea surface from Helgoland Roads Time Series, one most important detailed long-term situ ecological time series, to Sylt Roads, North Sea, Germany, Europe, Atlantic Northern Hemisphere temperatures. All series showed a distinct upwards shift late 1980s, early 1990s, with positive trends overall for period between 1962 2019 ranging 1 2°C over 57 years. quantified by comparing years before after 1990, both seasonal At Sylt, an increase number warmer days summer decrease extremely cold winter are new characteristics pattern 1990; higher than expected temperatures now also occur earlier during year. For these locations, observed highest overall, i.e. around 0.3°C/decade. The bimodal shape probability density functions, characterized modes, had become more heterogeneous, mode peak moving values steepness increasing, which consequence days. Oscillation (NAO) Multidecadal (AMO) large-scale phenomena no significant correlations or, NAO, were limited season at regional local closest landmass (mainland Germany) was highly correlated Sea sites. Taken together, our results suggest that pelagic ecosystems their species subject similar patterns but variations magnitude Temperature main drivers diversity distribution, manifests depending population growth, life stages, cycles habitat. Accordingly, here present appropriate spatio-temporal scales, thus provide suitable useful fundament effects warming ecosystem function biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Spatial and temporal dynamics of fragmentation and an ecosystem health assessment of plateau blue landscapes: A case study of the Caohai wetland DOI
Fupeng Li, Yongcheng Jiang, Wu Lei

et al.

CATENA, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 108730 - 108730

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Future population exposure to heatwaves in 83 global megacities DOI
Yuwei Wang, Na Zhao, Chaoyang Wu

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 888, P. 164142 - 164142

Published: May 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Global future population exposure to heatwaves DOI Creative Commons
Yuwei Wang, Na Zhao, Xiaozhe Yin

et al.

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 108049 - 108049

Published: June 21, 2023

The increasing exposure to extreme heatwaves in urban areas from both climate change and the heat island (UHI) effect poses multiple threats challenges human society. Despite a growing number of studies focusing on exposure, research advances are still limited some aspects such as oversimplification neglect perceived temperature well actual body comfort, resulting unreliable unrealistic estimates future results. In addition, little has performed comprehensive fine-resolution global analyses scenarios. this study, we present first projection changing population by 2100 under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) considering expansion at global, regional, national scales. Overall, is rising SSPs. Temperate tropical zones predictably have greatest among all zones. Coastal cities projected followed closely low altitudes. Middle-income countries lowest inequality countries. Individual effects contributed most (approximately 46.4%) changes interactive between urbanization 18.5%). Our results indicate that more attention needs be paid policy improvements sustainable development planning coastal low-altitude cities, especially low- high-income Meanwhile, study also highlights impact continued heatwaves.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Marine heatwave challenges solutions to human–wildlife conflict DOI Creative Commons
Jameal F. Samhouri, Blake E. Feist, Mary C. Fisher

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 288(1964)

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Despite the increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events, little is known about how their impacts flow through social ecological systems or whether management actions can dampen deleterious effects. We examined record 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave influenced trade-offs in managing conflict between conservation goals human activities using a case study on large whale entanglements U.S. west coast's most lucrative fishery (the Dungeness crab fishery). showed that this event diminished power multiple strategies to resolve entanglement risk revenue, transforming near win-win clear win-lose outcomes (for whales fishers, respectively). While some were more cost-effective than others, there was no silver-bullet strategy reduce severity these trade-offs. Our highlights events exacerbate human-wildlife conflict, emphasizes need for innovative policy interventions provide ecologically socially sustainable solutions an era rapid environmental change.

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Marine heatwaves hamper neuro-immune and oxidative tolerance toward carbamazepine in Mytilus galloprovincialis DOI
Alessandro Nardi, Marica Mezzelani, Silvana Costa

et al.

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 118970 - 118970

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

27