Projecting coral responses to intensifying marine heatwaves under ocean acidification

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(5), P. 1753 - 1765

Published: Aug. 3, 2021

Abstract Over this century, coral reefs will run the gauntlet of climate change, as marine heatwaves (MHWs) become more intense and frequent, ocean acidification (OA) progresses. However, we still lack a quantitative assessment how, to what degree, OA moderate responses corals MHWs they intensify throughout century. Here, first projected future MHW intensities for tropical regions under three greenhouse gas emissions scenario (representative concentration pathways, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 RCP8.5) near‐term (2021–2040), mid‐century (2041–2060) late‐century (2081–2100). We then combined these intensity projections with global data set 1,788 experiments assess attribute performance survival scenarios near‐term, in presence absence OA. Although warming had predominately additive impacts on responses, contribution affecting most attributes was minor relative dominant role intensifying MHWs. addition led greater decreases photosynthesis intermediate unrestricted mid‐ than if were considered only driver. These results show that modulating depended focal extremity examined. Specifically, cause increasing instances bleaching substantial declines productivity, calcification within next two decades low scenario. suggest must rapidly adapt or acclimatize conditions persist, which is far likely efforts manage enhance resilience.

Language: Английский

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Integrating environmental variability to broaden the research on coral responses to future ocean conditions

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(21), P. 5532 - 5546

Published: Aug. 13, 2021

Our understanding of the response reef-building corals to changes in their physical environment is largely based on laboratory experiments, analysis long-term field data, and model projections. Experimental data provide unique insights into how organisms respond variation environmental drivers. However, an assessment well experimental conditions cover breadth variability where live successfully missing. Here, we compiled analyzed a globally distributed dataset in-situ seasonal diurnal key drivers (temperature, pCO2 , O2 ) critical for growth livelihood corals. Using meta-analysis approach, compared assayed coral studies current projected natural habitats. We found that annual temperature profiles end 21st century were characterized by distributional shifts temperatures with warmer winters longer warm periods summer, not just peak temperatures. Furthermore, short-term hourly fluctuations may regularly expose beyond average increases century. Coral reef sites varied degree coupling between temperature, dissolved which warrants site-specific, differentiated approaches depending local hydrography influence biological processes carbonate system availability. highlights large portion at short long timescales underexplored designs, path extend our global climate change.

Language: Английский

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Risk Management and Adaptation for Extremes and Abrupt Changes in Climate and Oceans: Current Knowledge Gaps

Frontiers in Climate, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Perspectives for risk management and adaptation have received ample attention in the recent IPCC Special Report on Changes Oceans Cryosphere (SROCC). However, several knowledge gaps impacts of abrupt changes, cascading effects compound extreme climatic events been identified, need further research. We focus specific climate change risks identified SROCC report, namely: changes tropical extratropical cyclones; marine heatwaves; ENSO events; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Several socioeconomic from these are not yet well-understood, literature is also sparse recommendations integrated options to reduce such risks. Also, past research has mostly focussed concepts that seen little application real-world cases. discuss relevant needs priorities improved social-ecological impact assessment related major physical oceans. For example, harmonised approaches needed better understand events, across systems. Such information essential inform adaptation, governance decision-making. Finally, we highlight developing transformative their governance.

Language: Английский

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Coral species-specific loss and physiological legacy effects are elicited by an extended marine heatwave

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(11)

Published: May 22, 2024

Marine heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, with potentially catastrophic consequences for marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. An extended heatwave recovery time-series that incorporates multiple stressors is environmentally realistic can provide enhanced predictive capacity performance under climate change conditions. We exposed common reef-building corals Hawai'i, Montipora capitata Pocillopora acuta, to a 2-month period of high temperature PCO2 conditions or ambient factorial design, followed by 2 months High temperature, rather than PCO2, drove multivariate physiology shifts through time both species, including decreases respiration rates endosymbiont densities. acuta exhibited more significantly negatively altered physiology, substantially higher bleaching mortality M. capitata. The sensitivity P. appears be driven baseline photosynthesis paired lower host antioxidant capacity, creating an increased oxidative stress. Thermal tolerance may partly due harboring mixture Cladocopium Durusdinium spp., whereas was dominated other distinct spp. Only survived the experiment, but physiological state heatwave-exposed remained diverged at end relative individuals experienced In future scenarios, particularly heatwaves, our results indicate species-specific loss symbiont differences well Symbiodiniaceae community compositions, surviving species experiencing legacies likely influence stress responses.

Language: Английский

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Intercomparison of satellite-derived SST with logger data in the Caribbean—Implications for coral reef monitoring

PLOS Climate, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. e0000480 - e0000480

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Since the early 1980s measurements of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) derived from satellite-borne instruments have provided a wide range global gridded products documenting changes in SST. However, there are many sources uncertainty these records and significant differences exist among them. One use is identification coral bleaching events, predictions impact future warming on reefs. This relies an understanding how temperatures near reefs as recorded by SST differ in-situ experienced corals. difference combination real spatio-temporal variations, inadequate product resolution errors products. paper investigates relationship between local temperature measured loggers at sites western tropical Atlantic two high satellite Using ESA CCI v2.1 (CCI analysis SST), NOAA CoralTemp logger data reefs, assessment with focus reef monitoring carried out. Discrepancies can be large, especially coastal areas for warmest coldest months when particular risk bleaching. By comparison to stable product, was found overestimate rise much 0.20°C per decade. In almost all cases SSTs were more consistent corals than those CoralTemp.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the current understanding of the impact of climate change on coral physiology after three decades of experimental research

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Abstract After three decades of coral research on the impacts climate change, there is a wide consensus adverse effects heat-stress, but ocean acidification (OA) are not well established. Using review published studies and an experimental analysis, we confirm large species-specific component OA response, which predicts moderate physiology pigmentation by 2100 (scenario-B1 or SSP2-4.5), in contrast with severe disturbances induced only +2 °C thermal anomaly. Accordingly, global warming represents greater threat for calcification than OA. The incomplete understanding response relies insufficient attention to key regulatory processes these symbioses, particularly metabolic dependence algal photosynthesis host respiration. Our capacity predict future reefs depends correct identification main targets and/or impacted change stressors.

Language: Английский

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Headwinds to Understanding Stress Response Physiology: A Systematic Review Reveals Mismatch between Real and Simulated Marine Heatwaves on Coral Reefs

Climate Change Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100094 - 100094

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Improved coral nursery production through contingent heat stress events via depth manipulation

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 742558 - 742558

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Surface and Subsurface Compound Marine Heatwave and Biogeochemical Extremes Under Climate Change

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(5)

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract Marine species are increasingly threatened by extreme and compound events, as warming, deoxygenation, acidification unfold. Yet, the surface especially subsurface distribution evolution of such events remain poorly understood. We present current projected distributions marine heatwave (MHW), low oxygen (LOX), high acidity (OAX) throughout water column, using observation‐based data from 2004 to 2019 large ensemble Earth system model simulations 1890 2100. Our findings reveal that MHW‐OAX OAX‐LOX prevalent in mid latitudes at ocean surface. At 200 600 m, MHW‐LOX frequent parts tropics, while occur globally. Subsurface often associated with vertical displacements masses, climatological gradients ecosystem stressors typically explaining their occurrence patterns. Projections show a strong rise event frequency over historical period under continued global primarily driven shifts mean oceanic conditions. The portion top 2,000 m affected or rises 20 98 2°C warming emissions scenario preindustrial baseline, 30 shifting‐mean baseline. However, physical biogeochemical changes may also lead regional decreases highlighting complexities how unfold interior. Increasing poses major threat ecosystems, potentially disrupting food webs biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Simulation-based inference advances water quality mapping in shallow coral reef environments

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

Human activities are altering coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Optical remote sensing via satellites and drones can offer novel insights into where how reefs changing. However, interpretation of the observed optical signal (remote-sensing reflectance) is an ill-posed inverse problem, as there may be multiple different combinations water constituents, depth benthic reflectance that result in a similar signal. Here, we apply new approach, simulation-based inference, for addressing problem marine sensing. The inference algorithm combines physics-based analytical modelling with approximate Bayesian machine learning. input to remote-sensing reflectance, output likely range (posterior probability density) phytoplankton suspended minerals concentrations, coloured dissolved organic matter absorption, wind speed depth. We compare models trained simulated hyperspectral or multispectral spectra characterized by signal-to-noise ratios. model situ radiometric data ( n = 4) drone imagery collected on Tetiaroa atoll (South Pacific). show constituent concentrations estimated from optically shallow environments, assuming single cover. Future developments should consider spectral mixing cover types.

Language: Английский

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