Molecular Mechanisms of Winter Survival

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 319 - 339

Published: Oct. 7, 2022

Winter provides many challenges for insects, including direct injury to tissues and energy drain due low food availability. As a result, the geographic distribution of species is tightly coupled their ability survive winter. In this review, we summarize molecular processes associated with winter survival, particular focus on coping cold energetic challenges. Anticipatory such as acclimation diapause cause wholesale transcriptional reorganization that increases resistance promotes cryoprotectant production storage. Molecular responses temperature are also dynamic include signaling events during after stressor prevent repair injury. addition, highlight mechanisms subject selection insects evolve variable conditions. Based current knowledge, despite common threads, survival vary considerably across species, taxonomic biases must be addressed fully appreciate mechanistic basis insect phylogeny.

Language: Английский

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Fat enough for the winter? Does nutritional status affect diapause?

Journal of Insect Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 104488 - 104488

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Conserved cold tolerance of Rhagoletis species from different host fruits and elevations in Colorado, USA

Physiological Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(3), P. 216 - 226

Published: April 25, 2024

Abstract Understanding and characterizing how insects tolerate low temperatures is important for predicting their overwintering survival subsequent geographic spread. This study characterized the cold tolerance of two members Rhagoletis genus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Colorado, USA. Pupae were collected from infested fruits late summer early fall. For first time, we show that rosehip fly basiola Osten Sacken freeze‐avoidant; pupae could supercool to as −26°C survive. Interestingly, temperature at which ice forms (supercooling point; SCP) did not vary between R. high (c. 2900 m above sea level [m a.s.l.]) lower 1650 a.s.l.) elevations. We also report apple maggot pomonella Walsh infesting an unusual host fruit, Dolgo crabapple, close proximity hawthorn trees. crabapples had similar SCPs survived −21°C. both prolonged exposure (2 weeks or more) mild (0 −5°C). Further into mechanisms underlying impressive conserved interesting avenue future research.

Language: Английский

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Distinct responses and range shifts of lizard populations across an elevational gradient under climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(10), P. 2669 - 2680

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Abstract Ongoing climate change has profoundly affected global biodiversity, but its impacts on populations across elevations remain understudied. Using mechanistic niche models incorporating species traits, we predicted ecophysiological responses (activity times, oxygen consumption and evaporative water loss) for lizard at high‐elevation (<3600 m asl) extra‐high‐elevation (≥3600 under recent (1970–2000) future (2081–2100) climates. Compared with their counterparts, lizards from are to experience a greater increase in activity time consumption. By integrating these into hybrid distribution (HSDMs), were able make the following predictions two warming scenarios (SSP1‐2.6, SSP5‐8.5). 2081–2100, predict that both high‐ will shift upslope; gain more lose less habitat than congeners. We therefore advocate conservation of context change, especially those living close lower elevational range limits. In addition, by comparing results HSDMs traditional models, highlight importance considering intraspecific variation local adaptation physiological traits along gradients when forecasting species' distributions change.

Language: Английский

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Variation in Thermal Sensitivity of Diapause Development among Individuals and over Time Predicts Life History Timing in a Univoltine Insect

The American Naturalist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 203(6), P. E200 - E217

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cold tolerance and diapause within and across trophic levels: Endoparasitic wasps and their fly host have similar phenotypes

Journal of Insect Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 104501 - 104501

Published: March 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Lipid Metabolism in Diapause

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Seasonal energetics: are insects constrained by energy during dormancy?

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226(21)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

In seasonal environments, many animals, including insects, enter dormancy, where they are limited to a fixed energy budget. The inability replenish energetic stores during these periods suggests insects should be constrained by pre-dormancy stores. Over the last century, community of researchers working on survival dormancy has operated under strong assumption that limitation is key fitness trait driving evolution strategies. That is, use minimized because otherwise run out and die or left with too little complete development, reproductive maturation other costly post-dormancy processes such as dispersal nest building. But if so strongly how can some - even within same species population dormant in very warm environments show prolonged for successive years? this Commentary, we discuss major assumptions regarding energetics outline cases appear align our do not. We then highlight several research directions could help link organismal landscape-level changes. Overall, optimal strategy might not simply minimize metabolic rate, but instead maintain level matches demands specific life-history strategy. Given influence temperature rates winter, understanding strategies critical order determine potential impacts climate change environments.

Language: Английский

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Winter conditions structure extratropical patterns of species richness of amphibians, birds and mammals globally

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 1366 - 1380

Published: April 18, 2022

Abstract Aim The aim was to derive global indices of winter conditions and examine their relationships with species richness patterns outside the tropics. Location All extratropical areas (>25° N 25° S latitudes), excluding islands. Time period 2000–2018. Major taxa studied Amphibians, birds mammals. Methods We mapped three [number days frozen ground (length winter); snow cover variability; lack subnivium (below‐snow refuge)] from satellite data, then used generalized additive models derived range data. Results Length strongest predictor richness, a consistent cross‐taxonomic decline in occurring beyond 3 months winter. It also often outperformed other environmental predictors commonly biodiversity studies, including climate variables, primary productivity elevation. In ≥3 conditions, all explained much deviance amphibian, mammal resident bird richness. Mammals exhibited stronger relationship variability than taxa. Species fully migratory peaked at c . 5.5 winter, coinciding low residents. Main conclusions Our study demonstrates that structures latitudinal elevational gradients terrestrial rapidly warming world, tracking seasonal dynamics will be essential for predicting consequences change on species, communities ecosystems. we developed imagery provide an effective means monitoring these into future.

Language: Английский

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The impact of metabolic plasticity on winter energy use models

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Understanding energetic consequences of climate change is critical to identifying organismal vulnerabilities, particularly for dormant organisms relying on finite energy budgets. Ecophysiological use models predict long-term from metabolic rates, but we don't know the degree which plasticity in metabolism impacts estimates. We quantified rate-temperature relationships willow leaf beetles (Chrysomela aeneicollis) monthly February May under constant and variable acclimation treatments. Metabolic rates increased as diapause progressed, conditions altered both intensity thermal sensitivity. However, incorporating these two types into did not improve estimates, validated by empirical measurements stores. While rate temperature are plastic during winter, magnitude inter-individual variability stores overshadows effects models, highlighting importance within-population variation reserves.

Language: Английский

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