Factors Confronting a Shelter-Building Caterpillar at Spring Emergence

Journal of Insect Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(3), P. 247 - 257

Published: July 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Thirty‐six years of butterfly monitoring, snow cover, and plant productivity reveal negative impacts of warmer winters and increased productivity on montane species

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Abstract Climate change is contributing to declines of insects through rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and an increasing frequency extreme events. The impacts both gradual sudden shifts in weather patterns are realized directly on insect physiology indirectly other trophic levels. Here, we investigated direct effects seasonal butterfly occurrences indirect mediated by plant productivity using a temporally intensive monitoring dataset, combination with high‐resolution climate data remotely sensed indicator primary productivity. Specifically, used Bayesian hierarchical path analysis quantify relationships between weather‐driven the occurrence 94 species from three localities distributed across elevational gradient. We found that snow pack exerted strong positive effect low was driver reductions during drought. Additionally, had consistently negative occurrence. These results highlight mechanisms populations nuances involving melt, which have implications for ecological theories linking topographic complexity resilience montane systems.

Language: Английский

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Bigger isn't always better: Challenging assumptions about the associations between diapause, body weight, and overwintering survival

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract During the winter, animals face limited food availability. Many enter dormancy to reduce their winter energy expenditure. Most insects spend in diapause, a state of programmed dormancy. It is often assumed that diapausing need nutrient stores fuel many months basal metabolism and must grow heavier than non‐diapause‐programmed counterparts. However, extent which limitation affects body weight during overwintering preparation as well likelihood duration diapause remains unclear. We feeding period thus total quantity available diapause‐destined larvae pupal‐diapausing flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis , test how context programming. also tested deprivation affect diapause. hypothesized more quickly pupariate at non‐diapause larvae. dramatically reduced by limitations when larva for Finally, we with lighter (i.e., limited) are less likely pupal stay shorter heavier, well‐fed, individuals. Contrary our hypotheses non‐diapausing counterparts, found pupae weighed pupae, especially received food. light did not abort program. In both was positively correlated simulated survival. above threshold, no longer affected survival pupae. predictions general consensus much literature, stayed Overall, results challenge precept associated. The relationship between complex may be availability before after high‐quality sites, life history particular insect.

Language: Английский

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Extremes of snow and temperature affect patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation in the alpine butterfly Parnassius smintheus

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(18)

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Abstract Weather is an important short‐term, local driver of population size and dispersal, which in turn contribute to patterns genetic diversity differentiation within species. Climate change leading greater weather variability more frequent extreme events. While the effects long‐term broad‐scale mean climate conditions on variation are well studied, our understanding less developed. We assessed influence temperature snow depth populations alpine butterfly, Parnassius smintheus . examined relationships between a suite variables, including those representing conditions, population‐level across 1453 single nucleotide polymorphisms, using both linear gravity models. additionally land cover variables known dispersal gene flow this found that low events lowest recorded were significant predictors diversity. Extreme events, resistance differentiation. These results congruent with early winter habitat connectivity P. Our demonstrate potential for changes frequency or magnitude alter

Language: Английский

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Simulated winter climate change reveals greater cold than warm temperature tolerance in Chrysolina polita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Environmental Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Abstract Climate change is expected to lead rising winter temperatures in temperate zones, coinciding with a decrease snow cover. Insects adapted conditions the zone might be exposed changing and higher temperature fluctuations, which can affect diapause mortality. We studied effects of climate on Chrysolina polita, species overwintering as an adult shallow surface soil. tested increased fluctuating mortality body composition beetles laboratory environment, well cover removal mass field conditions. found that study, 2 °C increase mean resulted lipid consumption, whereas fluctuation caused desiccation but did not compared control condition. In soil by 3 fluctuate (ranging from −26.4 2.5 range −1.7 0.5 control), yet these differences beetle or mass. conclude C. polita exhibits greater resistance cold than during diapause. Therefore, associated pose challenges for overwintering.

Language: Английский

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