Experimental temperatures shape host microbiome diversity and composition

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 41 - 56

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Global climate change has led to more extreme thermal events. Plants and animals harbour diverse microbial communities, which may be vital for their physiological performance help them survive stressful climatic conditions. The extent microbiome communities in response warming or cooling important predicting host under global change. Using a meta-analysis of 1377 microbiomes from 43 terrestrial aquatic species, we found decrease the amplicon sequence variant-level phylogenetic diversity alteration composition both experimental cooling. Microbiome beta dispersion was not affected by temperature changes. We showed that habitat factors than biological traits. In particular, organisms-especially marine habitats-experienced greater depletion cold conditions, compared hosts. Exposure involving sudden long static shift associated with loss, but this reduction attenuated prior-experimental lab acclimation when ramped regime (i.e., warming) used. Microbial differential abundance co-occurrence network analyses revealed several potential indicator bacterial classes hosts heated environments on different biome levels. Overall, our findings improve understanding impact changes animal plant structures across range habitats. next step is link these measures fitness, as well community functions, determine whether can buffer some species against thermally variable world.

Language: Английский

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Signatures of dysbiosis in fish microbiomes in the context of aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 706 - 731

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Abstract Fish microbiome plays an important role in maintaining host homeostasis, with many bacterial functions directly linked to fitness. research is advancing fast, especially the context of aquaculture where several stressors are known disrupt stability host‐associated bacteria, prompting dysbiosis. Therefore, understanding signatures dysbiosis different fish mucosae and their association such fundamental set up efficient health‐monitoring strategies, as well sound objective working hypothesis for future research. Herein, we reviewed studies that employed culture‐independent approaches assess effects disease, chemotherapeutics water quality changes on diversity metrics gut, skin gill microbiomes. We conclude increases abundance potential pathogens community structure reliable indicators fish. The gut emerged being highly susceptible salinity chemotherapeutics, whereas external microbiota seems be more caused by disease temperature changes. Our analysis showed treatments tetracyclines florfenicol likely elicit severe compared quinolones disinfectants cause lesser disturbance microbiome. Bacterial diseases also frequently (enteritis particular), parasitic far less deleterious. Regarding impacts quality, only reasonably studied. Recent developments metagenomics, include a fast turn‐around time results, can used detect homeostasis during critical periods production, assisting management.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota modulation enhances the immune capacity of lizards under climate warming

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Background Host-microbial interactions are expected to affect species’ adaptability climate change but have rarely been explored in ectothermic animals. Some studies shown that short-term warming reduced gut microbial diversity could hamper host functional performance. Results However, our longitudinal experiments semi-natural conditions demonstrated decreased microbiota at 2 months, increased 13 and 27 months a desert lizard ( Eremias multiocellata ). Simultaneously, long-term significantly the antibacterial activity of serum, immune responses (higher expression intestinal immune-related genes), concentration short-chain fatty acids (thereby barrier immunity) lizard. Fecal transplant further revealed enhanced response lizards. More specifically, immunity is likely due higher relative abundance Bacteroides lizards, given bacteria fragilis regulated IFN-β increase lizards under climate. Conclusions Our study suggests can help ectotherms cope with by enhancing response, highlights importance on host-microbial their biological impacts. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Healthy microbiome—moving towards functional interpretation

GigaScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Microbiome-based disease prediction has significant potential as an early, noninvasive marker of multiple health conditions linked to dysbiosis the human gut microbiota, thanks in part decreasing sequencing and analysis costs. Microbiome indices other computational tools currently proposed field often are based on a microbiome's species richness completely reliant taxonomic classification. A resurgent interest metabolism-centric, ecological approach led increased understanding microbiome metabolic phenotypic complexity, revealing substantial restrictions taxonomy-reliant approaches. In this study, we introduce new metagenomic index developed answer recent developments definitions, effort distinguish between healthy unhealthy microbiomes, here focus, inflammatory bowel (IBD). The novelty our is shift from traditional Linnean phylogenetic classification toward more holistic consideration functional underlining interactions species. Based well-explored data cohorts, compare method its performance with most comprehensive date, taxonomy-based Gut Health Index (GMHI), high-dimensional principal component (hiPCA) methods, well standard taxon- function-based Shannon entropy scoring. After demonstrating better initially targeted IBD comparison retrain additional 27 datasets obtained different clinical validate index's ability states using variety complementary benchmarking Finally, demonstrate superiority over GMHI hiPCA longitudinal COVID-19 cohort highlight distinct robustness depth. Overall, emphasize advocate approaches understand assess provide directions for future enhancements. Our method, q2-predict-dysbiosis (Q2PD), freely available (https://github.com/Kizielins/q2-predict-dysbiosis).

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Plant Species α-Diversity across the Tibetan Grasslands

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2947 - 2947

Published: June 5, 2023

Plant species α-diversity is closely correlated with ecosystem structures and functions. However, whether climate change human activities will reduce plant remains controversial. In this study, potential (i.e., richness: SRp, Shannonp, Simpsonp Pieloup) actual SRa, Shannona, Simpsona Pieloua) during 2000–2020 were quantified based on random forests in grasslands the Tibetan Plateau. Overall, had positive influences across all grassland systems. more than one-third areas showed decreasing trends for α-diversity. Climate increased SRp at rates of 0.0060 0.0025 yr−1 alpine steppes meadows, respectively. Temperature predominated variations Shannonp Simpsonp, radiation Pieloup. Geography position, local temperature, precipitation conditions regulated impacts On average, caused 1% loss but elevated Shannon, Simpson Pielou by 26%, 4% 5%, There 46.51%, 81.08%, 61.26% 61.10% showing effects richness, Pielou, less 48% increasing activities’ Human richness 2% meadows decreased steppes. Accordingly, both not always negative varied space types. The study warned that may cause as much expected. This also cautioned should be least put same level warming

Language: Английский

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Climate change drives loss of bacterial gut mutualists at the expense of host survival in wild meerkats

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(20), P. 5816 - 5828

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract Climate change and climate‐driven increases in infectious disease threaten wildlife populations globally. Gut microbial responses are predicted to either buffer or exacerbate the negative impacts of these twin pressures on host populations. However, examples that document how gut communities respond long‐term shifts climate associated risk, consequences for survival, rare. Over past two decades, wild meerkats inhabiting Kalahari have experienced rapidly rising temperatures, which is linked spread tuberculosis (TB). We show over same period, faecal microbiota this population has become enriched Bacteroidia impoverished lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a group including Lactococcus Lactobacillus considered mutualists. These occurred within individuals yet were compounded generations, better explained by mean maximum temperatures than rainfall previous year. Enriched additionally with TB exposure disease, dry season poorer body condition, factors all directly reduced future survival. Lastly, abundances LAB taxa independently positively while did not predict Together, results point towards extreme driving an expansion disease‐associated pathobiome loss beneficial taxa. Our study provides first evidence from longitudinally sampled restructuring microbiota, changes may amplify through While plastic response host‐associated microbiotas key adaptation under normal environmental fluctuations, temperature might lead breakdown coevolved host–mutualist relationships.

Language: Английский

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Climate change is not just global warming: Multidimensional impacts on animal gut microbiota

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1736 - 1744

Published: May 29, 2023

Abstract Climate change has rapidly altered many ecosystems, with detrimental effects for biodiversity across the globe. In recent years, it become increasingly apparent that microorganisms live in and on animals can substantially affect host health physiology, structure function of these microbial communities be highly sensitive to environmental variables. To date, most studies have focused increasing mean temperature gut microbiota, yet other aspects climate are also shifting, including variation, seasonal dynamics, precipitation frequency severe weather events. This array pressures might interact complex non‐intuitive ways impact microbiota consequently alter animal fitness. Therefore, understanding impacts requires a consideration multiple types stressors their interactive microbiota. Here, we present an overview some major findings research climatic gut. Although ample evidence now accumulated shifts important hosts, much less work been conducted variables interactions. We provide recommendations additional needed mechanistically link

Language: Английский

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Affecting Factors of Plant Phyllosphere Microbial Community and Their Responses to Climatic Warming—A Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(16), P. 2891 - 2891

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Phyllosphere microorganisms are not only an important part of plants, but also microorganisms. In this review, the function phyllosphere microorganisms, assembly mechanism driving factors microbial community structure, and effects climate warming on structure were reviewed. Generally, have a variety functions (e.g., fixing nitrogen, promoting plant growth). Although selection dispersal processes together regulate phyllospheric communities, which one ecological is dominant how external disturbances alter relative contributions each process remains controversial. Abiotic climatic conditions, geographical location physical chemical properties soil) biological morphological physiological biochemical characteristics, species varieties) can affect structure. However, predominant affecting Moreover, affects its been fully resolved, further relevant studies needed.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the functional diversity of the gut microbiota of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): recent advances and future challenges

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Bioconversion using insects is a promising strategy to convert organic waste (catering leftovers, harvest waste, food processing byproducts, etc.) into biomass that can be used for multiple applications, turned high added-value products, and address environmental, societal economic concerns. Due its ability feed on tremendous variety of wastes, the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has recently emerged as insect bioconversion wastes an industrial scale. A growing number studies have highlighted pivotal role gut microbiota in performance health this species. This review aims provide critical overview current knowledge regarding functional diversity H. illucens, highlighting importance bioconversion, safety development new biotechnological tools. After providing different strategies been outline microbial communities we discuss these microbes beneficial services they their host. Emphasis placed technical aspects host biology require special attention near future research. We also argue singular digestive capabilities complex illucens make species valuable model addressing fundamental questions interactions evolved with microorganisms. By proposing avenues research, stimulate research challenges but bacterial symbiosis insects.

Language: Английский

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Impaired reproduction, energy reserves and dysbiosis: The overlooked consequences of heatwaves in a bivalve mollusc

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 115192 - 115192

Published: June 24, 2023

Extreme events like Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) are becoming more intense, severe, and frequent, threatening benthic communities, specifically bivalves. However, the consequences of non-lethal MHWs on animals still poorly understood. Here, we exposed Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum to MHW for 30 days provided an integrative view its effects. Our result indicated that albeit non-lethal, reduced clam's energy reserves (by reducing their hepato-somatic index), triggered antioxidant defenses (particularly in males), impaired reproduction (via production smaller oocytes females), dysbiosis digestive gland microbiota altered animals' behaviour impacting burying capacity) filtration rate. Such effects were seen also at RNA-seq (i.e. many down-regulated genes belonged reproduction) metabolome level. Interestingly, negative pronounced males than females. results show influence animal physiology multiple levels, likely fitness ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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