Treeline displacement may affect lake dissolved organic matter processing at high latitudes and altitudes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Climate change induced shifts in treeline position, both towards higher altitudes and latitudes induce changes soil organic matter. Eventually, matter is transported to alpine subarctic lakes with yet unknown consequences for dissolved (DOM) diversity processing. Here, we experimentally investigate the of by amending temperate lake water soil-derived DOM from above below treeline. We use ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) track molecular (i.e., chemodiversity), estimate decay measure bacterial growth efficiency. In lakes, increases chemodiversity mainly through enrichment polyphenolic highly unsaturated compounds. These compositional are associated reductions bulk compound-level reactivity reduced Our results suggest that advancement has potential enrich a large number ecosystems less biodegradable DOM, affecting community function potentially altering biogeochemical cycling carbon at high altitudes.

Language: Английский

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Climate change disrupts the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient cycling in an alpine ecosystem

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

The seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient demands is crucial for efficient ecosystem cycling production, especially in strongly alpine ecosystems. Yet, how these processes are modified by climate change what the consequences loss retention ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we explored two pervasive factors, reduced snow cover shrub expansion, interactively modify nitrogen (N) grasslands, which warming at double rate global average. We found that combination expansion disrupted N-cycling, with pronounced effects spring (shortly after melt) autumn (at onset senescence). In combination, both factors decreased organic N-uptake 70% 82%, biomass N 19% 38% increased denitrifier abundances 253% 136% autumn, respectively. Shrub also individually seasonality community composition stoichiometry towards more N-limited conditions slower autumn. winter, removal markedly fungal:bacterial ratio, pools shifted bacterial composition. Taken together, our findings suggest interactions between can disrupt temporal N-cycling grasslands. This could diminish capacity globally widespread to retain support productivity under future change.

Language: Английский

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Uppermost global tree elevations are primarily limited by low temperature or insufficient moisture

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract The impact of anthropogenic global warming has induced significant upward dispersal trees to higher elevations at alpine treelines. Assessing vertical deviation from current uppermost tree distributions potential treeline positions is crucial for understanding ecosystem responses evolving climate. However, due data resolution constraints and research scale limitation, comprehending the pattern driving factors remains challenging. This study constructed a comprehensive quasi‐observational dataset distribution across mountains using Google Earth imagery. Validating isotherm mean growing‐season air temperature 6.6 ± 0.3°C as indicator thermal treeline, we found that around two‐thirds records significantly deviated it. Drought conditions constitute primary driver in 51% cases, followed by mountain elevation effect which indicates surface heat (27%). Our analyses underscore multifaceted determinants patterns explaining divergent climate warming. Moisture, along with disturbance, plays most fundamental roles variation forecasting response ongoing

Language: Английский

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Land use function changes and trade-offs/synergies across topographic gradients in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 469, P. 143233 - 143233

Published: July 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Forecasting Range Shifts in Terrestrial Alpine Insects Under Global Warming

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Anthropogenic planetary heating is disrupting global alpine systems, but our ability to empirically measure and predict responses in species distributions impaired by a lack of comprehensive data technical limitations. We conducted comprehensive, semi‐quantitative review empirical studies on contemporary range shifts insects driven climate heating, drawing attention methodological issues potential biotic abiotic factors influencing variation responses. highlight case showing how dynamics may affect standing genetic adaptive potential, discuss integration frameworks can improve forecasts. Although influence individual responses, most studied so far are shifting higher elevations. Upslope often accompanied contractions that expected diminish increasing extinction risk. Endemic islands predicted be especially vulnerable. Inferences drawn from the insects, also have relevance other montane habitats. Correlative niche modelling keystone tool its limited consider biological processes underpinning species' complicates interpretation. Alpine exhibit some respond rising temperatures via change or phenotypic plasticity. Thus, future efforts should incorporate using flexible hybrid approaches enhance realism predictions. Boosting scientific capability envisage environments their associated biota imperative given speed intensity high‐mountain ecosystems surpass collect required guide effective conservation planning management decisions.

Language: Английский

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High ectomycorrhizal relative abundance during winter at the treeline

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Abstract The rhizosphere is the soil region around plant roots hosting a diverse microbial community, influencing nutrient availability and how plants react to extreme conditions. However, our understanding of fungi biodiversity impact environmental variations on this still in its infancy. Our study investigates fungal communities’ diversity functional traits Nothofagus pumilio, one few winters deciduous treeline species world, forming southern South America. At four distinct locations covering 10° latitude, we collected samples at 200 meters below over seasons during single year. We employed ITS metabarcoding elucidate community structures. results reveal that was mainly determined by latitudinal variation, with higher levels warmer lower altitudes. Interestingly, found marked dominance ectomycorrhizal (EcM) treeline, particularly winter. In contrast, saprotrophic were more abundant altitudes, spring summer seasons. These findings highlight temporal spatial dynamics rhizospheric communities their potential roles ecological processes, emphasizing value these as indicators change high-elevation forests.

Language: Английский

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Rapid advance of climatic tree limits in the Eastern Alps explained by on-site temperatures

Regional Environmental Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(3)

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract In the European Alps, mean temperature has risen by 2.5 K since end of nineteenth century. A 2 warming growing season taken place in last 4 decades only. The should rise position climatic treeline about 400 m. Actual shifts uppermost tree positions reported here for Austrian Defereggen Valley and Swiss Lower Engadine region Eastern Alps reach only around 140 m elevation above limit old trees that date back to Uppermost Pinus cembra > height currently occur at c. 2500 m, representing records Alps. situ 2022–2023 revealed seasonal temperatures are 1–3 higher than equilibrium isotherm 6 °C both regions (corrected anomalies from long-term records). span reflects microhabitat differences two ways define season. Thus, advances lag behind upslope shift isotherm, on average, more 200 grow under quite warm conditions with annual shoot length increments frequently reaching 20 cm. Even without additional future warming, new steady-state will exceed Holocene maximum substantially.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the long‐term dynamics of vegetation since 1953 in high‐mountain regions

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract Alpine ecosystems, highly sensitive to climate change, are experiencing shifts in species ranges and community structure. These changes driven by a complex interplay of climatic environmental factors, land use changes, geomorphological dynamics, interactions, which can often lead contrasted sometimes unexpected dynamics. Historical records provide valuable opportunity capture these complexities revealing long‐term opening gateway hypothesise about the key underlying processes. We investigated floristic composition subalpine nival vegetation communities resurveying period 70 years. To understand patterns, we (i) resampled at plot level remapped area, (ii) analysed role driving climate, environmental, factors on distribution vascular plant richness, (iii) modelled plant‐plant interactions from data. The results reveal that cover patterns were strongly influenced local soil properties. richness is also livestock density flat morphology. It should be noted change caused wetland habitats become drier accelerated secondary succession through upward migration range‐infilling Furthermore, trend towards eutrophication was observed. suggested certain communities, particularly those found snowbeds, more vulnerable have occurred over past Synthesis: This study highlighted complexity In addition thermophilisation aridification, affect composition, cover. Substrate conditions play an important role.

Language: Английский

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The upper forest limit and the fate of bird assemblages in high-Andean páramo ecosystems in the Northern Andes

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03562 - e03562

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Climate Change and Topography Drive the Expansion of Betula ermanii in the Alpine Treeline Ecotone of the Changbai Mountain

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Alpine treelines ecotones are critical ecological transition zones and highly sensitive to global warming. However, the impact of climate on distribution treeline trees is not yet fully understood as this may also be affected by other factors. Here, we used high‐resolution satellite images with climatic topographic variables study changes in tree alpine ecotone Changbai Mountain for years 2002, 2010, 2017, 2021. This employed Geodetector method analyze how interactions between factors influence expansion Betula ermanii different aspect slopes. Over past 20 years, B. , only species tundra zone, had its highest rate from 2017 2021 across all studied, approaching 2.38% per year. In 2021, reached uppermost elevations 2224 m western aspects 2223 northern aspects, which predominant it occupies. We observed a notable increase steeper slopes (> 15°) 2002 Moreover, found that played more significant role 's than any single dominant factor. Our results suggest interaction wetness index coldest month precipitation (Pre 1 ), contributing 91% variability, primarily drove southern maintaining soil moisture, providing snowpack thermal insulation enhanced temperatures, decomposition, nutrient release harsh conditions. On aspect, elevation mean temperature warmest explained 80% expansion. Meanwhile, Pre growing season 73% aspect. revealed driving upward movement vary mountain aspects. Climate topography play roles determining ecotone. knowledge helps better understand forecast dynamics response change.

Language: Английский

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