MVA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates encoding different spike protein conformations induce distinct early transcriptional responses which may impact subsequent adaptive immunity DOI Creative Commons
Ilka Grewe,

Monika Friedrich,

M. Claudia tom Dieck

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Vaccine platforms such as viral vectors and mRNA can accelerate vaccine development in response to newly emerging pathogens, demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, differential effects of platform antigen insert on immunogenicity remain incompletely understood. Innate immune responses induced by vector vaccines are suggested have an adjuvant effect for subsequent adaptive immunity. Integrating data both innate immunity, systems vaccinology approaches improve understanding vaccine-induced mechanisms. Two candidates against SARS-CoV-2, based Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) encoding native (MVA-SARS-2-S) or prefusion-stabilized spike protein (MVA-SARS-2-ST), were evaluated phase 1 clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04569383, NCT04895449). Longitudinal dynamics early vaccination SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals analyzed transcriptome flow cytometry data, comparison licensed ChAd vaccines. Compared MVA-SARS-2-S, MVA-SARS-2-ST (encoding protein) a stronger transcriptional activation after vaccination, well higher neutralizing antibodies. Positive correlations observed between second vaccination. MVA-, ChAd- mRNA-based distinct signatures, with overall strongest monocyte circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cell ChAd. Our findings suggest potential impact conformation not only but also responses. As indicated positive several parameters MVA-SARS-2-ST, may be linked induction classical monocytes cTFH1 cells, which turn result superior compared MVA-SARS-2-S. Overall, our demonstrate that affect humans.

Language: Английский

Longitudinal immunogenicity cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines across individuals with different immunocompromising conditions: heterogeneity in the immune response and crucial role of Omicron-adapted booster doses DOI Creative Commons
Annalisa Ciabattini,

Elena Pettini,

Fabio Fiorino

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 113, P. 105577 - 105577

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Impact of CD4+ T cell and TCR repertoires on SARS-CoV-2-Specific antibody responses in PLWH following COVID-19 vaccination DOI
Chengchao Ding, Qianqian Chen,

Yu Shi

et al.

The Journal of Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract In people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PLWH), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine often results in a limited humoral immune response. While reduced absolute CD4+ T cell count is known factor, other determinants remain unclear. To investigate variables influencing differential antibody response to COVID-19 PLWH, 43 HIV-1/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 2 doses of were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels neutralizing (NAb) titers. A retrospective analysis was also performed, examining reconstitution epidemiological history, including annual T-cell counts duration HIV-1 infection. further elucidate role cells vaccine, next-generation sequencing used analyze receptor (TCR) profiles from twelve representative individuals. The showed that SARS-CoV-2-specific PLWH not solely determined by current count, progression TCR profile played significant roles. These findings provide critical insights into multifaceted roles responses following vaccination.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hybrid Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Variants: A Narrative Review of the Literature DOI Creative Commons
Panagiota Tsagkli, Maria Geropeppa,

Ioanna Papadatou

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1051 - 1051

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 led to a global health crisis and the burden disease continues persist. rapid development emergency authorization various vaccines, including mRNA-based played pivotal role in mitigating severe illness mortality. However, viral mutations, leading several variants concern, challenged vaccine effectiveness, particularly concerning immune evasion. Research on immunity, both from natural infection vaccination, revealed that while neutralizing antibodies provide protection against infection, their effect is short-lived. primary defense COVID-19 derived cellular response. Hybrid developed combination offers enhanced protection, with convalescent vaccinated individuals showing significantly higher levels antibodies. As evolve, understanding durability breadth hybrid immunity becomes crucial. This narrative review examines latest data humoral discussing how could inform optimize future vaccination strategies ongoing battle fear new pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Help is on the way: critical roles of CD4+ T cells in infection and vaccination DOI Open Access
Laura Cook, C. Mee Ling Munier

Immunology and Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 101(6), P. 489 - 490

Published: July 1, 2023

The July 2023 issue contains a Special Feature about CD4+ T cells in infection and vaccination. helper are composed of many specialized subsets that play critical roles immune memory. These have been somewhat overshadowed the infectious disease vaccination literature by their CD8+ counterparts B cells/antibodies, which easier to study with available techniques. Therefore, we designed this shine light on some latest knowledge how contribute protective immunity. This includes both original research review articles techniques T-cell influenza A virus or human papilloma infection, sepsis following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. collection highlights new enabling rapid gain these underpin key aspects generation effective responses, information will be essential for treatment prevention diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
MVA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates encoding different spike protein conformations induce distinct early transcriptional responses which may impact subsequent adaptive immunity DOI Creative Commons
Ilka Grewe,

Monika Friedrich,

M. Claudia tom Dieck

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Vaccine platforms such as viral vectors and mRNA can accelerate vaccine development in response to newly emerging pathogens, demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, differential effects of platform antigen insert on immunogenicity remain incompletely understood. Innate immune responses induced by vector vaccines are suggested have an adjuvant effect for subsequent adaptive immunity. Integrating data both innate immunity, systems vaccinology approaches improve understanding vaccine-induced mechanisms. Two candidates against SARS-CoV-2, based Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) encoding native (MVA-SARS-2-S) or prefusion-stabilized spike protein (MVA-SARS-2-ST), were evaluated phase 1 clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04569383, NCT04895449). Longitudinal dynamics early vaccination SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals analyzed transcriptome flow cytometry data, comparison licensed ChAd vaccines. Compared MVA-SARS-2-S, MVA-SARS-2-ST (encoding protein) a stronger transcriptional activation after vaccination, well higher neutralizing antibodies. Positive correlations observed between second vaccination. MVA-, ChAd- mRNA-based distinct signatures, with overall strongest monocyte circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cell ChAd. Our findings suggest potential impact conformation not only but also responses. As indicated positive several parameters MVA-SARS-2-ST, may be linked induction classical monocytes cTFH1 cells, which turn result superior compared MVA-SARS-2-S. Overall, our demonstrate that affect humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

0