American Journal of Medicine Open,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100068 - 100068
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
The
virus
called
SARS-CoV-2
emerged
in
2019
and
quickly
spread
worldwide,
causing
COVID-19.
It
has
greatly
impacted
on
everyday
life,
healthcare
systems,
the
global
economy.
In
order
to
save
as
many
lives
possible,
precautions
such
social
distancing,
quarantine,
testing
policies
were
implemented,
effective
vaccines
developed.
A
growing
amount
of
data
collected
worldwide
allowed
characterization
this
new
disease,
which
turned
out
be
more
complex
than
other
common
respiratory
tract
infections.
An
increasing
number
convalescents
presented
with
a
variety
non-specific
symptoms
emerging
after
acute
infection.
This
possible
health
problem
was
identified
labelled
long
COVID.
Since
then,
great
effort
been
made
by
clinicians
scientific
community
understand
underlying
mechanisms
develop
preventive
measures
treatment.
role
autoimmunity
induced
infection
development
COVID
is
discussed
review.
We
aim
deliver
description
several
conditions
an
autoimmune
background
observed
COVID-19
convalescents,
including
Guillain-Barré
syndrome,
antiphospholipid
syndrome
related
thrombosis,
Kawasaki
disease
highlighting
relationship
between
autoimmunity.
However,
further
studies
are
required
determine
its
true
clinical
significance.
RMD Open,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(2), P. e003022 - e003022
Published: June 1, 2023
To
better
define
the
spectrum
of
new-onset
post-COVID-19
and
vaccine
inflammatory
rheumatic
diseases
(IRD)
from
a
large
multicentric
observational
study.Consecutive
cases
IRD
encountered
during
12-month
period
satisfying
one
following
inclusion
criteria:
(a)
onset
manifestations
within
4
weeks
SARS-CoV-2
infection
or
(b)
administration
COVID-19
vaccines
ws
recruited.The
final
analysis
cohort
comprised
267
patients,
which
122
(45.2%)
in
145
(54.8%)
postvaccine
cohort.
Distribution
categories
differed
between
two
cohorts:
had
higher
percentage
patients
classified
as
having
joint
(IJD,
52.5%
vs
37.2%,
p=0.013)
while
post-vaccine
prevalence
polymyalgia
rheumatica
(PMR,
33.1%
21.3%,
p=0.032).
No
differences
were
detected
diagnosed
with
connective
tissue
(CTD
19.7%
20.7%,
p=0.837)
vasculitis
(6.6%
9.0%,
p=0.467).
Despite
short
follow-up
period,
IJD
PMR
patients'
response
to
first-line
therapy
was
favourable,
both
groups
achieving
drop
baseline
disease
activity
scores
~30%
~70%
respectively.Our
article
reports
largest
published
date
vaccines.
Although
causality
cannot
be
ascertained,
possible
clinical
is
broad
includes
IJD,
PMR,
CTD
vasculitis.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(6)
Published: June 1, 2023
Abstract
Accumulating
evidence
shows
that
SARS‐CoV‐2
can
potentially
trigger
autoimmune
processes,
which
be
responsible
for
the
long‐term
consequences
of
COVID‐19.
Therefore,
this
paper
aims
to
review
autoantibodies
reported
in
COVID‐19
convalescents.
Six
main
groups
were
distinguished:
(i)
against
components
immune
system,
(ii)
cardiovascular
(iii)
thyroid
autoantibodies,
(iv)
specific
rheumatoid
diseases,
(v)
antibodies
G‐protein
coupled
receptors,
and
(vi)
other
autoantibodies.
The
reviewed
here
clearly
highlights
infection
may
induce
humoral
responses.
However,
available
studies
share
number
limitations,
such
as:
(1)
sole
presence
does
not
necessarily
implicate
clinically‐relevant
risks,
(2)
functional
investigations
rarely
performed
it
is
often
unknown
whether
observed
are
pathogenic,
(3)
control
seroprevalence,
healthy,
noninfected
individuals
was
reported;
thus
sometimes
detected
result
or
accidental
post‐COVID‐19
detection,
(4)
correlated
with
symptoms
syndrome,
(5)
size
studied
small,
(6)
focused
predominantly
on
adult
populations,
(7)
age‐
sex‐related
differences
seroprevalence
explored,
(8)
genetic
predispositions
involved
generation
during
infections
investigated,
(9)
reactions
following
variants
vary
clinical
course
remain
unexplored.
Further
longitudinal
advocated
assess
link
between
identified
particular
outcomes
Due
to
the
health
crisis
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2,
creation
of
a
new
vaccine
platform
based
on
mRNA
was
implemented.
Globally,
around
13.32
billion
COVID-19
doses
diverse
platforms
have
been
given,
and
up
this
date,
69.7%
total
population
received
at
least
one
injection
vaccine.
Although
these
vaccines
prevent
hospitalization
severe
forms
disease,
increasing
evidence
has
shown
they
do
not
produce
sterilizing
immunity,
allowing
people
suffer
frequent
re-infections.
Recent
research
also
raised
concerns
that
could
induce
immune
tolerance,
which,
added
virus
itself,
complicate
clinical
course
infection.
Furthermore,
recent
investigations
found
high
IgG4
levels
in
who
were
administered
two
or
more
injections
vaccines.
It
suggested
an
increase
protecting
role
preventing
over-activation,
similar
occurring
during
successful
allergen-specific
immunotherapy
inhibiting
IgE-induced
effects.
Altogether,
suggests
reported
detected
after
repeated
vaccination
with
is
protective
mechanism;
rather,
it
may
be
part
tolerance
mechanism
spike
protein
promote
unopposed
SARS-CoV2
infection
replication
suppressing
natural
antiviral
responses.
IgG4-induced
suppression
system
due
can
cause
autoimmune
diseases,
promotes
cancer
growth,
myocarditis
susceptible
individuals.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
The
mRNA-LNP
vaccine
has
received
much
attention
during
the
COVID-19
pandemic
since
it
served
as
basis
of
most
widely
used
SARS-CoV-2
vaccines
in
Western
countries.
Based
on
early
clinical
trial
data,
these
were
deemed
safe
and
effective
for
all
demographics.
However,
latest
data
raise
serious
concerns
about
safety
effectiveness
vaccines.
Here,
we
review
some
efficacy
identified
to
date.
We
also
discuss
potential
mechanism
observed
adverse
events
related
use
whether
they
can
be
mitigated
by
alterations
this
approach.
American Journal of Medicine Open,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100068 - 100068
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
The
virus
called
SARS-CoV-2
emerged
in
2019
and
quickly
spread
worldwide,
causing
COVID-19.
It
has
greatly
impacted
on
everyday
life,
healthcare
systems,
the
global
economy.
In
order
to
save
as
many
lives
possible,
precautions
such
social
distancing,
quarantine,
testing
policies
were
implemented,
effective
vaccines
developed.
A
growing
amount
of
data
collected
worldwide
allowed
characterization
this
new
disease,
which
turned
out
be
more
complex
than
other
common
respiratory
tract
infections.
An
increasing
number
convalescents
presented
with
a
variety
non-specific
symptoms
emerging
after
acute
infection.
This
possible
health
problem
was
identified
labelled
long
COVID.
Since
then,
great
effort
been
made
by
clinicians
scientific
community
understand
underlying
mechanisms
develop
preventive
measures
treatment.
role
autoimmunity
induced
infection
development
COVID
is
discussed
review.
We
aim
deliver
description
several
conditions
an
autoimmune
background
observed
COVID-19
convalescents,
including
Guillain-Barré
syndrome,
antiphospholipid
syndrome
related
thrombosis,
Kawasaki
disease
highlighting
relationship
between
autoimmunity.
However,
further
studies
are
required
determine
its
true
clinical
significance.