The broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people

Science, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 354(6313)

Published: Nov. 11, 2016

Accumulating impacts Anthropogenic climate change is now in full swing, our global average temperature already having increased by 1°C from preindustrial levels. Many studies have documented individual of the changing that are particular to species or regions, but accumulating and being amplified more broadly. Scheffers et al. review set been observed across genes, species, ecosystems reveal a world undergoing substantial change. Understanding causes, consequences, potential mitigation these changes will be essential as we move forward into warming world. Science , this issue p. 10.1126/science.aaf7671

Language: Английский

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Assessing species vulnerability to climate change

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 215 - 224

Published: Feb. 24, 2015

Language: Английский

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Fifteen forms of biodiversity trend in the Anthropocene

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 104 - 113

Published: Dec. 24, 2014

Language: Английский

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Interactions between climate change and land use change on biodiversity: attribution problems, risks, and opportunities

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 317 - 335

Published: Feb. 12, 2014

Abstract Global change drivers are known to interact in their effects on biodiversity, but much research date ignores this complexity. As a consequence, there problems the attribution of biodiversity different and, therefore, our ability manage habitats and landscapes appropriately. Few studies explicitly acknowledge account for interactive (i.e., nonadditive) land use climate biodiversity. One reason is that mechanisms by which poorly understood. We evaluate such mechanisms, including interactions between demographic parameters, evolutionary trade‐offs synergies threshold population size patch occupancy persistence. Other reasons lack appropriate limited data availability analytical issues addressing interaction effects. highlight influence errors can have projections discuss experimental designs tools suited challenge. Finally, we summarize risks opportunities provided existence Risks include ineffective conservation management; also arise, whereby negative impacts be reduced through management as an adaptation measure. hope increasing understanding key underlying discussing will help researchers, policy makers, practitioners better minimize exploit use‐climate interactions. This article categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes

Language: Английский

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Latitudinal gradients as natural laboratories to infer species' responses to temperature

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 101(3), P. 784 - 795

Published: Feb. 25, 2013

Summary Macroclimatic variation along latitudinal gradients provides an excellent natural laboratory to investigate the role of temperature and potential impacts climate warming on terrestrial organisms. Here, we review use for ecological change research, in comparison with altitudinal experimental warming, illustrate their caveats a meta‐analysis intraspecific important life‐history traits vascular plants. We first provide overview patterns other abiotic biotic environmental variables ecosystems. then assess present five key [plant height, specific leaf area ( SLA ), foliar nitrogen:phosphorus N : P ) stoichiometry, seed mass root:shoot R S ratio] populations or common garden experiments across total 98 plant species. Intraspecific N:P ratio significantly decreased latitude populations. Conversely, height increased population origin experiments. However, less than third investigated transect studies also formally disentangled effects from drivers which potentially hampers translation into signal. Synthesis . Latitudinal methodological set‐up overcome drawbacks observational methods. Our synthesis indicates that many plants vary but clines responses is crucial step. Therefore, especially adaptive differentiation confounding factors need be considered. More generally, integrated approaches gradients, methods increasingly emerge as way forward further our understanding species community warming.

Language: Английский

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Agriculture and climate change are reshaping insect biodiversity worldwide

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 605(7908), P. 97 - 102

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Using genomics to characterize evolutionary potential for conservation of wild populations

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 1008 - 1025

Published: March 14, 2014

Genomics promises exciting advances towards the important conservation goal of maximizing evolutionary potential, notwithstanding associated challenges. Here, we explore some complexity adaptation genetics and discuss strengths limitations genomics as a tool for characterizing potential in context management. Many traits are polygenic can be strongly influenced by minor differences regulatory networks epigenetic variation not visible DNA sequence. Much this critical is difficult to detect using methods commonly used identify adaptive variation, needs appropriate consideration when planning genomic screens, basing management decisions on data. When basis future threats well understood, it may focus particular traits. For more typical conservations scenarios, argue that screening genome-wide should sensible approach provide generalized measure accounts contributions small-effect loci cryptic robust uncertainty about change required response(s). The best outcomes achieved estimates within an framework.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity scenarios neglect future land‐use changes

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 2505 - 2515

Published: March 7, 2016

Efficient management of biodiversity requires a forward-looking approach based on scenarios that explore changes under future environmental conditions. A number ecological models have been proposed over the last decades to develop these scenarios. Novel modelling approaches with strong theoretical foundation now offer possibility integrate key and evolutionary processes shape species distribution community structure. Although is affected by multiple threats, most studies addressing effects focus single threat only. We examined published during 25 years developed predict climate, land-use land-cover change projections. found mostly impacts climate largely neglect in land use cover. The emphasis has increased time reached maximum. Yet, direct destruction degradation habitats through are among significant immediate threats biodiversity. argue current state integration between system sciences leading biased estimation actual risks therefore constrains implementation policy responses decline. suggest research directions at crossroads face challenge developing interoperable plausible projections anticipate full range their potential An intergovernmental platform needed stimulate such collaborative efforts emphasize societal political relevance taking up this challenge.

Language: Английский

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Protect the last of the wild

Nature, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 563(7729), P. 27 - 30

Published: Oct. 31, 2018

Language: Английский

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Managing for Interactions between Local and Global Stressors of Ecosystems

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. e65765 - e65765

Published: June 12, 2013

Global stressors, including climate change, are a major threat to ecosystems, but they cannot be halted by local actions. Ecosystem management is thus attempting compensate for the impacts of global stressors reducing such as overfishing. This approach assumes that interact additively or synergistically, whereby combined effect two at least sum their isolated effects. It not clear, however, how should proceed antagonistic interactions among where multiple do have an additive greater impact. Research date has focussed on identifying synergisms antagonisms may just common. We examined effectiveness when faced with different types in systems – seagrass and fish communities stressor was change were different. When there synergisms, mitigating delivered gains, whereas antagonisms, ineffective even degraded ecosystems. These results suggest can if synergistic interaction. Conversely, interaction, will greatest benefits areas refuge from change. A balanced research agenda, investigating both interaction types, needed inform priorities.

Language: Английский

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