Trait-Based Community Ecology of Phytoplankton

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 615 - 639

Published: Sept. 11, 2008

Trait-based approaches are increasingly used in ecology. Phytoplankton communities, with a rich history as model systems community ecology, ideally suited for applying and further developing these concepts. Here we summarize the essential components of trait-based review their historical potential application to illuminating phytoplankton Major ecological axes relevant include light nutrient acquisition use, natural enemy interactions, morphological variation, temperature sensitivity, modes reproduction. Trade-offs between traits play key roles determining structure. Freshwater marine environments may select different suite owing physical chemical properties. We describe mathematical techniques integrating into measures growth fitness predicting how structure varies along environmental gradients. Finally, outline challenges future directions

Language: Английский

---

Revisiting the Holy Grail: using plant functional traits to understand ecological processes

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 92(2), P. 1156 - 1173

Published: April 22, 2016

ABSTRACT One of ecology's grand challenges is developing general rules to explain and predict highly complex systems. Understanding predicting ecological processes from species' traits has been considered a ‘ H oly G rail’ in ecology. Plant functional are increasingly being used develop mechanistic models that can how communities will respond abiotic biotic perturbations species affect ecosystem function services rapidly changing world; however, significant remain. In this review, we highlight recent work outstanding questions three areas: ( i ) selecting relevant traits; ii describing intraspecific trait variation incorporating into models; iii scaling data community‐ ecosystem‐level processes. Over the past decade, there have advances characterization plant strategies based on relationships, integration multivariate indices community function. However, utility trait‐based approaches ecology benefit efforts demonstrate these influence organismal, community, across vegetation types, which may be achieved through meta‐analysis enhancement databases. Additionally, interactions need incorporated predictive using tools such as Bayesian hierarchical modelling. Finally, existing linking empirically tested for their applicability realized.

Language: Английский

---

PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 2465 - 2513

Published: Aug. 13, 2015

Abstract. PISCES-v2 (Pelagic Interactions Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies volume 2) is a biogeochemical model which simulates the lower trophic levels of marine ecosystems (phytoplankton, microzooplankton mesozooplankton) cycles carbon main nutrients (P, N, Fe, Si). The intended to be used both regional global configurations at high or low spatial resolutions as well short-term (seasonal, interannual) long-term (climate change, paleoceanography) analyses. There are 24 prognostic variables (tracers) including two phytoplankton compartments (diatoms nanophytoplankton), zooplankton size classes (microzooplankton description carbonate chemistry. Formulations in based on mixed Monod–quota formalism. On one hand, stoichiometry C / N P fixed growth rate limited by external availability Si. other iron silicon quotas variable internal Fe. Various parameterizations can activated PISCES-v2, setting, instance, complexity chemistry particulate organic materials. So far, has been coupled Nucleus European Modelling Ocean (NEMO) Regional Modeling System (ROMS) systems. A full its optional functionalities provided here. results quasi-steady-state simulation presented evaluated against diverse observational satellite-derived data. Finally, some new tested series sensitivity experiments.

Language: Английский

---

Influence of diatom diversity on the ocean biological carbon pump

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 27 - 37

Published: Dec. 17, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Phytoplankton response to a changing climate

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 698(1), P. 5 - 16

Published: May 25, 2012

Language: Английский

---

Biodiversity in a complex world: consolidation and progress in functional biodiversity research

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1405 - 1419

Published: Oct. 22, 2009

Ecology Letters (2009) 12: 1405–1419 Abstract The global decline of biodiversity caused by human domination ecosystems worldwide is supposed to alter important process rates and state variables in these ecosystems. However, there considerable debate on the prevalence importance effects ecosystem function (BDEF). Here, we argue that much stems from two major shortcomings. First, most studies do not directly link traits leading increased or decreased needed for species coexistence dominance. We implementing a trait‐based approach broadening perception diversity include trait dissimilarity divergence will result more realistic predictions consequences altered biodiversity. Second, empirical theoretical reflect complexity natural ecosystems, which makes it difficult transfer results situations loss. review how different aspects (trophic structure, multifunctionality, spatial temporal heterogeneity, population dynamics) our BDEF. propose future research avenues concisely testing whether acknowledging this strengthen observed effects. Finally, task disentangle direct changes due alterations abiotic constraints.

Language: Английский

---

How zooplankton feed: mechanisms, traits and trade-offs

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 86(2), P. 311 - 339

Published: Aug. 15, 2010

Zooplankton is a morphologically and taxonomically diverse group includes organisms that vary in size by many orders of magnitude, but they are all faced with the common problem collecting food from very dilute suspension. In order to maintain viable population face mortality, zooplankton ocean have clear daily volume ambient water for prey particles equivalent about 106 times their own body volume. While most size-specific vital rates mortality decline size, clearance requirement largely size-independent because availability also declines size. There limited number solutions concentrating sticky medium: passive active ambush feeding; feeding-current feeding, where either intercepted directly, retained on filter, or individually perceived extracted feeding current; cruise colonization large marine snow aggregates. The basic mechanics these food-collection mechanisms described, it shown efficiencies inherently different each becomes less efficient increasing Mechanisms compensate this efficiency including inflation structures development vision. Each mode has implications beyond terms risk encountering predators chance meeting mates, partly target types prey. main dichotomy between (inefficient) motile more modes; secondary (efficient) hovering (less efficient) cruising modes. various modes traded off against feeding-mode-dependent metabolic expenses, predation risks, mating chances. optimality strategies, evaluated as ratio gain over risk, varies environment, may explain both size-dependent spatio-temporal differences distributions well other aspects biology (mating behaviour, predator defence strategies).

Language: Английский

---

Cell Size as a Key Determinant of Phytoplankton Metabolism and Community Structure

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 241 - 264

Published: July 25, 2014

Phytoplankton size structure controls the trophic organization of planktonic communities and their ability to export biogenic materials toward ocean's interior. Our understanding mechanisms that drive variability in phytoplankton has been shaped by assumption pace metabolism decreases allometrically with increasing cell size. However, recent field laboratory evidence indicates biomass-specific production growth rates are similar both small large cells but peak at intermediate sizes. The maximum nutrient uptake rate scales isometrically volume superisometrically minimum quota. unimodal scaling arises from ataxonomic, size-dependent trade-off processes related requirement, acquisition, use. superior intermediate-size exploit high concentrations explains biomass dominance during blooms. Biogeographic patterns independent temperature driven mainly changes resource supply.

Language: Английский

---

Lake diatom responses to warming: reviewing the evidence

Journal of Paleolimnology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 54(1), P. 1 - 35

Published: April 3, 2015

Language: Английский

---

Climate change alters ecological strategies of soil bacteria

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 155 - 164

Published: Nov. 21, 2013

Abstract The timing and magnitude of rainfall events are expected to change in future decades, resulting longer drought periods larger events. Although microbial community composition function both sensitive changes rainfall, it is unclear whether this because taxa adopt strategies that maximise fitness under new regimes. We assessed bacteria exhibited phylogenetically conserved ecological response drying‐rewetting, these were altered by historical exposure experimentally intensified patterns. By clustering relative abundance patterns, we identified three discrete found tolerance drying‐rewetting increased with Changes strategy primarily due composition, but also shifts within taxa. These moisture regime‐selected may be predictable from disturbance history, likely linked traits influence the functional potential communities.

Language: Английский

---