2′-Fucosyllactose and 3′-Sialyllactose Reduce Mortality in Neonatal Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Infection by Improving the Construction of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(47), P. 26165 - 26177

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides could prevent pathogenic bacterial infections in neonates; however, direct vivo anti-infection evidence was still lacking. Here, we systematically evaluated the effects of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) on structural development functional maturation neonates their defense against enteroaggregative

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Decoding Their Structural Variability, Health Benefits, and the Evolution of Infant Nutrition

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 118 - 118

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the third most abundant solid component in human milk, vary significantly among women due to factors such as secretor status, race, geography, season, maternal nutrition and weight, gestational age, delivery method. In recent studies, HMOs have been shown a variety of functional roles development infants. Because are not digested by infants, they act metabolic substrates for certain bacteria, helping establish infant’s gut microbiota. By encouraging growth advantageous intestinal these sugars function prebiotics produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which essential health. can also specifically reduce harmful microbes viruses binding epithelium, preventing illness. HMO addition infant formula is safe promotes healthy development, infection prevention, Current formulas frequently contain (OSs) that differ structurally from those found making it unlikely would reproduce unique effects HMOs. However, there growing trend producing OSs resembling HMOs, but limited data make unclear whether offer additional therapeutic benefits compared non-human OSs. Better knowledge how mammary gland synthesizes could direct technologies yield broad complex with OS compositions closely mimic milk. This review explores HMOs’ nature vital role health, examining variation composition its contributing factors. It highlights technological advances enabling large-scale studies on Furthermore, multifunctional biological processes brain microbiota immune response regulation investigated. The structural distinctions between other mammalian discussed, focus toward more precise replicas

Language: Английский

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Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of Lactation-Stage-Matched Human and Bovine Milk Samples at 2 Weeks Postnatal

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3768 - 3768

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Epidemiological data demonstrate that bovine whole milk is often substituted for human during the first 12 months of life and may be associated with adverse infant outcomes. The objective this study to interrogate metabolome at 2 weeks identify unique metabolites impact health Human (n = 10) was collected postpartum from normal-weight mothers (pre-pregnant BMI < 25 kg/m2) vaginally delivered term infants were exclusively breastfeeding their least months. Similarly, primiparous Holstein dairy cows. Untargeted acquired on all samples using high-resolution liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HR LC-MS/MS). MS pre-processing feature calling metabolite annotation performed MS-DIAL MS-FLO. Our results revealed more than 80% shared between early lactation. Unbiased analysis identified nearly contribute microbial metabolism microbe–host interactions. Collectively, these highlight untargeted metabolomics as a potential strategy in relate

Language: Английский

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Gut Immunobiosis and Biomodulators

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2114 - 2114

Published: April 28, 2023

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract hosts complex and dynamic populations of microorganisms (gut microbiota) in advantageous symbiosis with the host organism through sophisticated molecular cross-talk. balance diversification within microbial communities (eubiosis) are crucial for immune metabolic homeostasis host, as well inhibiting pathogen penetration. In contrast, compositional dysregulation microbiota (dysbiosis) is blamed determinism numerous diseases. Although further advances so-called ‘omics’ disciplines needed, dietary manipulation gut ecosystem biomodulators (prebiotics, probiotics, symbionts, postbiotics) represents an intriguing target to stabilize and/or restore eubiosis. Recently, new approaches have been developed production infant formulas supplemented prebiotics (human milk oligosaccharides [HMOs], galacto-oligosaccharides [GOS], fructo-oligosaccharides [FOS]), postbiotics obtain that nutritionally biologically equivalent (closer reference).

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Combination with Galacto- and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides Enhance Vaccination Efficacy in a Murine Influenza Vaccination Model

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2858 - 2858

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Early-life nutrition significantly impacts vaccination efficacy in infants, whose immune response to vaccines is weaker compared adults. This study investigated female C57Bl/6JOlaHsd mice (6 weeks old) fed diets with 0.7% galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS) (9:1), 0.3% human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), or a combination (GFH) for 14 days prior and during vaccination. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was measured by assessing ear swelling following an intradermal challenge. Influvac-specific IgG1 IgG2a levels were assessed using ELISAs, while splenic T B lymphocytes analyzed frequency activation via flow cytometry. Additionally, cytokine production evaluated murine splenocytes co-cultured influenza-loaded dendritic cells. Mice on the GFH diet showed enhanced DTH (p < 0.05), increased serological levels, significant rise memory (CD27+ B220+ CD19+). GFH-fed also exhibited more activated Th1 cells (CD69+ CXCR3+ CD4+) higher IFN-γ after ex vivo restimulation 0.05). These findings suggest that GOS/lcFOS HMOS, particularly combination, enhance vaccine responses improving cells, IgG production, cell activation, supporting potential use of these prebiotics infant formula better early-life development.

Language: Английский

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