International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 110136 - 110136
Published: April 17, 2023
Language: Английский
Cell stem cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 120 - 136
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) drops sharply during early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), via unknown mechanisms, and correlates with cognitive status in AD patients. Understanding AHN regulation could provide a framework for innovative pharmacological interventions. We here combine molecular, behavioral, clinical data critically discuss the multicellular complexity niche relation to pathophysiology. further present roadmap toward better understanding role by probing promises caveats latest technological advancements field addressing conceptual methodological challenges ahead.
Language: Английский
Citations
78
Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 163(2), P. 74 - 93
Published: Aug. 11, 2022
Microglia are tissue-resident macrophages responsible for the surveillance, neuronal support, and immune defense of brain parenchyma. Recently, role played by microglia in formation function circuits has garnered substantial attention. During development, have been shown to engulf precursors participate pruning mechanisms while, mature brain, they influence synaptic signaling, provide trophic support shape plasticity. studies unveiled different microglial characteristics associated with specific regions. This emerging view suggests that maturation distinct may be potentially molecular identity adopts across brain. Here, we review summarize known these cells thalamus, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum. We focus on vivo highlight important remodeling relation neurodevelopmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
Language: Английский
Citations
48
Biochemistry (Moscow), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88(5), P. 565 - 589
Published: May 1, 2023
The review analyzes modern concepts about the control of various mechanisms hippocampal neuroplasticity in adult mammals and humans by glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid hormones ensure coordinated functioning key components plasticity: neurogenesis, glutamatergic neurotransmission, microglia astrocytes, systems neurotrophic factors, neuroinflammation, proteases, metabolic hormones, neurosteroids. Regulatory are diverse; along with direct action glucocorticoids through their receptors, there conciliated glucocorticoid-dependent effects, as well numerous interactions between components. Despite fact that many connections this complex regulatory scheme have not yet been established, study factors considered work forms growth points field glucocorticoid-regulated processes brain primarily hippocampus. These studies fundamentally important for translation into clinic potential treatment/prevention common diseases emotional cognitive spheres respective comorbid conditions.
Language: Английский
Citations
34
Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 109646 - 109646
Published: June 24, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 177 - 177
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a common term for Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis, is chronic, relapse-remitting condition of the gastrointestinal tract that increasing worldwide. Psychiatric comorbidities, including depression anxiety, are more prevalent in IBD patients than healthy individuals. Evidence suggests varying levels neuroinflammation might underlie these states patients. Within this context, microglia crucial non-neural cells brain responsible innate immune responses following inflammatory insults. Alterations microglia’s functions, such as secretory profile, phagocytic activity, synaptic pruning, play significant roles mediating psychiatric manifestations IBD. In review, we discuss role played by IBD-associated comorbidities.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(21), P. 3435 - 3449.e8
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a type 2 cytokine with pleiotropic functions in adaptive immunity, allergies, and cognitive processes. Here, we show that low levels of IL-4 the early postnatal stage delineate critical period which microglia extensively prune cerebellar neurons. Elevating this via peripheral injection, or using mouse model allergic asthma, leads to defective pruning, permanent increase granule cells, circuit alterations. These animals also hyperkinetic impulsive-like phenotype, reminiscent attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). alterations are blocked Il4rαfl/fl::Cx3cr1-CreER mice, deficient receptor signaling microglia. findings demonstrate previously unknown role for during neuroimmune maturation provide first putative mechanism comorbidity between disease ADHD observed humans.
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Exploration of neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 11, 2025
Purinergic signaling, mediated by ATP and adenosine receptors, plays a crucial role in cellular communication homeostasis within the central nervous system (CNS), particularly regulating synaptic activity, glial cell functions, neuroplasticity. Glial cells, including astrocytes microglia, contribute to both short-term processes, such as neurotransmission neuroinflammation, long-term remodeling, tissue repair, behavioral adaptation. Dysregulation of purinergic signaling these cells has been implicated pathogenesis various neurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorders. This article explores evolving concept synapse, highlighting active modulation emphasizing significance function responses conditions injury neurotoxicity. Specifically, it examines roles receptors—such P2X4, P2X7, P2Y1, P2Y12—in mediating key astrocytic microglial phagocytosis, plasticity, neuronal damage. Furthermore, discusses involvement receptors neurological disorders epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke, Rett syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, well potential therapeutic strategies targeting mitigate inflammation, promote improve clinical outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Glia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(5), P. 833 - 856
Published: Nov. 14, 2023
Cerebral ischemia is a devastating condition that results in impaired blood flow the brain leading to acute injury. As most common form of stroke, occlusion cerebral arteries leads characteristic sequence pathophysiological changes tissue. The mechanisms involved, and comorbidities determine outcome after an ischemic event appear be highly heterogeneous. On their own, processes neuronal injury absence sufficient supply meet metabolic demand cells are complex manifest at different temporal spatial scales. While contribution non-neuronal stroke pathophysiology increasingly recognized, recent data show microglia, main immune central nervous system parenchyma, play previously unrecognized roles basic physiological beyond inflammatory functions, which markedly change during conditions. In this review, we aim discuss some known microglia-neuron-vascular interactions assumed contribute delayed pathologies ischemia. Because have been extensively discussed several excellent previous reviews, here focus on recently explored pathways may directly or indirectly shape through microglia-related actions. These discoveries suggest modulating gliovascular forms other neurological disorders might presently unexplored therapeutic potential combination with neuroprotective restoration strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: March 4, 2025
Women are more susceptible to stress-induced alcohol drinking, and preclinical data suggest that stress can increase intake in female rodents; however, a comprehensive understanding of the neurobiological processes underlying this sex difference is still emerging. Neuroimmune signaling, particularly by microglia, brain's macrophages, known contribute dysregulation limbic circuits following exposure. Females exhibit heightened immune reactivity, so we set out characterize differences microglial response Male C57BL/6J mice were administered over 15 or 22 trials modified Drinking Dark paradigm, with repeated exposure inescapable footshock stress-paired context. Mice perfused immediately after drinking performed immunohistochemical analyses density, morphology, protein expression subregions amygdala hippocampus. We observed dynamic phenotypes at baseline alcohol. Microglia hippocampus displayed prominent reactivity Chronic decreased density microglia lysosomal expression. analyzed multiple measures activation, resulting assessment changes mediated sex, stress, These findings highlight complexity contributions development AUD comorbid mood disorders men women.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Molecular Autism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: March 7, 2025
Fragile X syndrome is caused by the loss of Fmr1 gene expression. Deletion in various neuronal and non-neuronal subpopulations brain mice leads to cell-type-specific effects. Microglia, immune cells critical for refinement circuits during development, have been implicated neurodevelopmental disorders, including fragile syndrome. However, it unknown whether reduced expression microglia molecular behavioral phenotypes. We downregulated early late postnatal development studied effect on microglial morphology distinct behaviours. Female, but not male, adult with downregulation exhibited reactive phenotypes, enhanced self-grooming alterations social interaction. Downregulation induced a milder phenotype, characterized impaired preference novelty without affecting morphology. The its encoded protein FMRP contributes behavioural phenotypes sex-specific manner.
Language: Английский
Citations
0