An Interaction between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Stress-Related Glucocorticoids in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1596 - 1596

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoids (GCs) play multiple roles in various aspects of neurons, including cell survival synaptic function. BDNF its receptor TrkB are extensively expressed neurons central nervous system (CNS), contribution BDNF/TrkB to neuronal function is evident; thus, downregulation has been considered be involved pathogenesis Alzheimer’s disease (AD). GCs, stress-related molecules, glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) also associated with AD addition mental disorders such as depression. Importantly, a growing body evidence suggests close relationship between BDNF/TrkB-mediated signaling GCs/GR CNS. Here, we introduce current studies on interaction stress CNS discuss their involvement pathophysiology AD.

Language: Английский

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Chronic stress-induced neuroplasticity in the prefrontal cortex: Structural, functional, and molecular mechanisms from development to aging

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149461 - 149461

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Impact of corticoid receptors on Alzheimer’s disease: a neuroendocrine perspective

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Hippocampus under Pressure: Molecular Mechanisms of Development of Cognitive Impairments in SHR Rats

Biochemistry (Moscow), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89(4), P. 711 - 725

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Significance of Microglial Phenotypes and Morphological Diversity in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Targets

Immunological Investigations, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(6), P. 891 - 946

Published: June 5, 2024

Studying various microglial phenotypes and their functions in neurodegenerative diseases is crucial due to the intricate nature of phenomics vital immunological role. Microglia undergo substantial phenomic changes, encompassing morphological, transcriptional, functional aspects, resulting distinct cell types with diverse structures, functions, properties, implications. The traditional classification microglia as ramified, M1 (proinflammatory), or M2 (anti-inflammatory) overly simplistic, failing capture wide range recently identified brain regions affected by diseases. Altered activated deviating from typical ramified structure are significant features many conditions. Understanding precise role each phenotype sometimes contradictory. This review specifically focuses on elucidating recent modifications within Recognizing heterogeneity diseased states can unveil novel therapeutic strategies for targeting Moreover, exploration use healthy isolated mitigate disease progression has provided an innovative perspective. In conclusion, this discusses dynamic landscape mysterious phenotypes, emphasizing need a nuanced understanding pave way

Language: Английский

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Effects of prolonged escitalopram administration on long-term potentiation within the hippocampal CA1 area in rats under predictable and unpredictable chronic mild stress

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Common Neuroglial Dysfunctions (Critical Review and New Data on Human Brain and Models)

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 1101 - 1101

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are pathologies that affect millions of people worldwide. They have no effective therapy difficult to prevent control when they develop. It has been known for many years these diseases pathogenic aspects in common. We highlight this review neuroglial cells (astroglia, oligodendroglia, microglia) play a vital role the origin, clinical-pathological development, course brain neurodegeneration. Moreover, we include new results T2D-AD mouse model (APP+PS1 mice on high-calorie diet) investigating.

Language: Английский

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Neurosteroids as emerging therapeutics for treatment-resistant depression: Mechanisms and clinical potential

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 577, P. 300 - 314

Published: May 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Circulating Neuronal Exosome Cargo as Biomarkers of Neuroplasticity in Cushing’s Syndrome

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 24, 2025

Abstract The hippocampus is the main target of glucocorticoids (GCs) in brain since it contains greatest concentration specific receptors. GCs are among factors modulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), which occurs mammalians, including humans. Prolonged exposure to high GC levels triggers AHN impairment and induces affective cognitive deficits, consistently with functions. Cushing’s syndrome (CS) a rare endocrine disorder characterized by persistently elevated levels, namely, cortisol, that also results disorders hippocampus-associated memory, suggesting disruption neurogenesis. Players process, such as Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells differentiating neuronal cells, release exosomes able cross blood barrier, reaching peripheral blood. MicroRNAs known be selectively enriched play crucial role regulation. question addressed this exploratory study was whether neuroplasticity-related microRNAs (miRNAs), carried neuronal-derived blood, could reflect alterations neurogenic processes associated syndrome. Hence, present work, we measured content selected miRNAs neuronally derived patients affected endogenous active CS age sex-matched healthy subjects. human (miR-126, miR-9, miR-223, miR-34a, miR-124a, miR-146a) were quantified RT-qPCR. All analyzed significantly differentially expressed compared Our findings support following: (i) may exhibit putative dysregulation underlie early-onset functions; (ii) exosomal cargo represent potential biomarker for monitoring functional dysfunctional neuroplasticity Additional studies needed confirm expand upon across wider cohort patients.

Language: Английский

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Reduced Levels of Lacrimal Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in Patients with Focal Epilepsy and Focal Epilepsy with Comorbid Depression: A Biomarker Candidate

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(23), P. 16818 - 16818

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Our previous studies showed that in patients with brain diseases, neurotrophic factors lacrimal fluid (LF) may change more prominently than blood serum (BS). Since glial cell line-derived factor (GDNF) is involved the control of neuronal networks an epileptic brain, we aimed to assess GDNF levels LF and BS as well BDNF hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical inflammation indices focal epilepsy (FE) comorbid depression (FE + MDD) compare them those major depressive disorder (MDD) healthy controls (HC). were similar HC higher FE taking valproates. significantly lower all patient groups compared controls, independent drugs used. concentrations positively correlated HC, but not groups. level was MDD A reduction might be important biomarker FE. Logistic regression models demonstrated probability can evaluated using BS; cortisol TNF-α BS.

Language: Английский

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