Oxidative stress in poultry production

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(9), P. 104003 - 104003

Published: June 25, 2024

Oxidative stress (OS) is a major concern that impacts the overall health of chickens in modern production systems. It characterized by an imbalance between antioxidant defence mechanisms and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This literature review aims to provide comprehensive overview oxidative poultry production, with emphasis on its effects growth performance, immune responses, reproductive outcomes. highlights intricate underlying OS discusses how various factors, including dietary components, genetic predispositions, environmental stressors can exacerbate ROS. Additionally, impact performance physiological systems examined. The study also emphasizes relationship diseases, highlighting impaired defenses increase bird's susceptibility infections. assesses existing approaches reducing response these challenges. includes managing techniques lower environment, supplements, nutritional interventions. effectiveness naturally occurring antioxidants, plant extracts, minerals, vitamins improve resistance damage To under conditions, activation cellular homeostatic networks termed vitagenes, such as Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related 2 (Nrf2) necessary for synthesis protective factors counteract increased ROS RNS. Future studies into novel strategies chicken would build research advances knowledge gaps identified this review.

Language: Английский

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Feed additives and enrichment materials to reduce chicken stress, maximize productivity, and improve welfare

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 2044 - 2052

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Environmental stress poses serious threats to animal welfare and production, particularly in poultry, which are susceptible such stress. It can increase susceptibility diseases infections, reduce growth rates reproductive performance, behavioral issues. caused by conventional housing conditions negatively affect well-being productivity. High temperature, overcrowding, poor ventilation, insufficient lighting, wire cages some of the most prominent stressors systems. To address environmental chicken farms, strategies tools, as using anti-stress feed additives enriching cages, help improve bird activities welfare. Breeders overall performance implementing these creating a more enriched comfortable environment. Thus, this review discusses importance different enrichment materials farms (broiler layer) productivity well-being. Keywords: antioxidants, behavior, enrichment, gut health, product quality, stress,

Language: Английский

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Climate-smart livestock nutrition in semi-arid Southern African agricultural systems

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Climate change is disrupting the semi-arid agricultural systems in Southern Africa, where livestock crucial to food security and livelihoods. This review evaluates bioenergetic agroecological scope for climate-adaptive nutrition region. An analysis of literature on climate implications thermal welfare regional context was conducted. The information gathered systematically synthesized into tabular summaries fundamentals climate-smart bioenergetics, thermoregulation, heat stress defence mechanisms, thermo-bioactive feed components, potentially resources supports adoption when conceptualized as precision feeding combined with dietary strategies that enhance resilience livestock, adaptation production decline availability conventional feedstuffs by incorporating alternatives. keystone potential alternative are identified be small cereal grains, such sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) energy sources, native legumes, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) marama bean (Tylosema esculentum) protein wild browse Fabaceae trees Vachellia spp. Colophospermum mopane, which provide dry season drought supplementary protein, minerals, antioxidants, non-fabaceous tree species marula (Sclerocarya birrea), from animals consume electrolyte-rich fresh fruit or processed pulp. Feedstuffs circular include oilseed cakes macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) nut, castor (Ricinus communis), Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) beans, rich energy, insect primarily black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens), microbial phototrophic algae (Spirulina, Chlorella), yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Additives thermo-functionally enhanced diets synthetic natural anti-oxidants, phytogenics, biotic agents (prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics), electrolytes. presents a conceptual framework system across livestock-energy-water-food nexus, inform broader, in-depth research, promote farm practices support governmental policies tailored agroecology

Language: Английский

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Black soldier fly larvae oil (Hermetia illucens L.) calcium salt enhances intestinal morphology and barrier function in laying hens

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(7), P. 103777 - 103777

Published: April 27, 2024

This study aimed to determine the influence of black soldier fly larvae oil calcium salt (BSFLO-SCa) supplementation on performance, jejunal histomorphology and gene expression tight junctions inflammatory cytokines in laying hens. A total 60 ISA Brown hens (40 wk age) were divided into 3 treatment groups, including a control group fed basal diet (T0) diets supplemented with 1% (T1) 2% (T2) BSFLO-SCa. Each consisted 5 replicates 4 each. Results showed that BSFLO-SCa significantly reduced (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR), while egg weight (EW) increased 0.05). The inclusion both production (HDA) mass (EM). addition villus height (VH) width (VW), crypt depth (CD) junction claudin-1 (CLDN-1), junctional adhesion molecules-2 (JAM-2), occludin (OCLN) upregulated pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) was downregulated BSFLO-SCa, interleukin-18 (IL-18), toll-like receptor (TLR-4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) On other hand, anti-inflammatory interleukin-13 (IL-13) interleukin-10 (IL-10) at In conclusion, dietary improved productivity, intestinal morphology integrity by upregulating junction-related protein addition, enhanced immune responses downregulating cytokine expression.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Ficus carica L. polysaccharide on the intestinal immune function and microbiota of broilers

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 8, 2025

Ficus carica L. polysaccharides (FLPs) are groups of biologically active compounds extracted from In this study, we analyzed the structure FLPs, predicted their immune enhancement pathway, and detected impact FLPs on growth performance, function, intestinal microflora broiler chickens. The results showed that comprised monosaccharides including rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, galactose. Feeding with significantly promoted slaughtering organs index chickens compared to control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, FLP-h FLP-m had increased levels sIgA, IgG, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12, IFN-g; improved immunity barrier function; a higher percentage spleen CD4+ CD8+ T cell differentiation Additionally, various SCFAs, beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes at phylum level Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Phascolarctobacterium, Alistipes genus level. network pharmacology KEGG pathway prediction indicate may change metabolism microbiota by enhancing carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, promote function through joint action bisphenol degradation, retinol metabolism, NODlike signaling pathways, toll-like receptor MAPK pathway. These suggest supplementation effectively promotes performance enhances mucosal

Language: Английский

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Impact of In-Ovo Injection with Thyme Extract and Adding its Crushed Leaves to the Diet on some Haematological and Biochemical Traits of Broiler Chickens

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1487(1), P. 012148 - 012148

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract This research was conducted to determine injecting thyme effect extract into the Ross 308 broiler breeders eggs and then following up on its 35 days of age hematological biochemical traits broiler-hatched chicks, which were raised fed thyme-crushed leaves added their ration. The study included raising 216 chicks that hatched from two groups fertilized injected tenth day incubation, where 0.2 ml/egg 0.9% physiological saline first group second with a concentration 4 mg. distributed at random four separate (54 each) three replicates/group (18 per replicate). Five grams crushed leaves/kg feed extra basal diets fourth groups, while other (the third) leaf-free feed. caused reduction in RBC count, haemoglobin, PCV, it increased total WBCs, including lymphocytes, reduced heterophils H/L ratio. It significantly HDL level significant decrease LDL level. Glucose serum protein levels within normal limits compared control group. We conclude performance improved when we

Language: Английский

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Lonicera flos and Curcuma longa L. extracts improve growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune response in broiler chickens

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 12, 2024

Alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed maintain broiler growth and health. The present study was conducted evaluate the effects of Lonicera flos Curcuma longa L. extracts (LCE) as antibiotic substitutes on performance, antioxidant capacity immune response in broilers. A total 480 one-day-old female broilers (WOD168) were allocated 3 treatments with 5 replicates 32 birds for 35 days. were: an antibiotic-free basal diet (control, CON), CON +50 mg/kg spectinomycin hydrochloride 25 lincomycin (ANT), +500 LCE (LCE). During entire experimental period, supplementation ANT increased ( p &lt; 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) decreased 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR), thereby resulting greater final body weight (BW) compared CON. Dietary serum (glutathione peroxidase) GSH-Px, (superoxide dismutase) SOD (T-AOC) activities, malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration at day There no significant difference catalase (CAT) activity among treatments. Birds group had lower MDA higher liver than those groups 35. phagocytic index antibody titers Newcastle disease virus (NDV) group. Lower concentrations pro-inflammatory cytokines anti-inflammatory observed fed diet. In conclusion, dietary improved performance by enhancing capacity, strengthening system alleviating inflammation, which has potential alternatives.

Language: Английский

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Phytogenic feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production: A review

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 141 - 154

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The overuse of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, particularly poultry, has led to growing concerns about multidrug microbial resistance, posing significant risks both animal and human health. Subtherapeutic doses antibiotics have traditionally been used enhance growth improve economic efficiency poultry farming. However, these practices facilitated the emergence resistant strains, threatening global health security prompting a search for sustainable alternatives. This review highlights significance phytogenic as feed additives (PFAs) promising substitutes antibiotic (AFAs) production. PFAs, derived from plant-based compounds, exhibit multiple beneficial properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory effects. Moreover, they offer potential produce high-quality organic products while reducing likelihood resistance. Despite advantages, inconsistent results among studies underscore importance standardized approaches maximize their efficacy. aims evaluate current status use farming globally, explore properties mechanisms assess viable alternatives antibiotics. By consolidating available knowledge, this provides insights into benefits challenges associated with offering guidance future research practical applications

Language: Английский

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Thermoregulatory Response, Growth Performance and Organ Weights of FUNAAB‐Alpha Chicken Genotypes Administered Sweet Citrus Peel Powder

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

ABSTRACT Thermoregulatory response and growth performance of FUNAAB‐Alpha chickens administered sweet citrus peel powder (SCPP) were investigated in a twelve weeks experiment. A total 360 1‐day‐old FUNAAB Alpha chicks used for the study, comprising 120 birds per genotype: Normal feather (NF), Naked neck (NN) Frizzle (FF). Birds randomly allotted into 12 treatment groups: NF: 0 g, 3 6 g 9 SCPP, NN: FF: SCPP. Each was replicated thrice with 10 replicate. No ( p > 0.05) interactive main effect genotype dosage SCPP observed on Rectal temperature, Skin temperatures under wing breast among treatments. Similar respiratory rate (RR), however, higher < 0.001) RR recorded NN FF compared NF. control group had highest 0.005) SCPP/L water. Interaction heterophil (H), lymphocyte (L) ratio (H/L) not significant across groups. However, significantly 0.000) influenced H, L H/L. The lower H/L Higher weight gain (WG) to NF chickens. Significantly 0.020) FCR g/L (2.26), (2.65) (2.66) (4.03). Dosage relative weights intestine. In conclusion, H/L, WG better genotypes best at

Language: Английский

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Effects of Dandelion Flavonoid Extract on the Accumulation of Flavonoids in Layer Hen Meat, Slaughter Performance and Blood Antioxidant Indicators of Spent Laying Hens

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 886 - 886

Published: March 20, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different supplemental amounts dandelion flavonoid extracts (DFE) in diets on nutrients chicken, slaughtering performance, blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity spent laying hens. A total 180 560-day-old Hy-Line Brown hens were randomly divided into five groups. The control group was fed basal diet, while experimental groups supplemented with DFE at levels 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 mg/kg (as T1, T2, T3, T4 group) respectively. variables measured included content flavonoids layer hen thigh meat breast meat, slaughter indexes, capacity. Data subjected a one-way analysis variance (one-way ANOVA) assess impact supplementation compared outcomes. results showed that dietary can increase meat. contents rutin 1.37, 4.41, 16.26, 36.03 ng/g, respectively, quercetin 2.58, 1.36, 4.98, 12.48 ng/g. In T4, 11.48, 15.98, 44.43, 122.32 9.96, 13.14, 23.15, 38.09 addition increased phenol feed highly significantly elevated (p < 0.01), chicken strongly positively correlated feed. decreased abdominal fat percentage 0.05) crude 0.05). reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) alanine (ALT) activities 0.05), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (LDL-C), glucose (GLU), malondialdehyde (MDA) albumin (ALB), (T-AOC) superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity Dietary concentrations could muscle hens, reduce rate effectively lipid levels, muscle, enhance body’s liver function.

Language: Английский

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