Published: Sept. 23, 2021
Kelp Forests of the Canadian Arctic biomass and seaweed diversity, suggesting kelp could increase, species composition forests shift, as sea ice diminishes in some areas Eastern Arctic.Our findings demonstrate high potential productivity this extensive coastal zone highlight need to better understand ecology system services it provides.
Language: Английский
Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(11), P. 3711 - 3727
Published: Feb. 25, 2022
The Arctic is among the fastest-warming areas of globe. Understanding impact climate change on foundational marine species needed to provide insight ecological resilience at high latitudes. Marine forests, underwater seascapes formed by seaweeds, are predicted expand their ranges further north in a warmer climate. Here, we investigated whether northern habitat gains will compensate for losses southern range edge modelling forest distributions according three distribution categories: cryophilic (species restricted environment), cryotolerant with broad environmental preferences inclusive but not limited and cryophobic temperate conditions) forests. Using stacked MaxEnt models, current extent suitable contemporary future forests under Representative Concentration Pathway Scenarios increasing emissions (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, 8.5). Our analyses indicate that already ubiquitous north, thus cannot change, resulting an overall loss due severe contractions. within basin, however, remain largely stable notable exceptions some areas, particularly Canadian Archipelago. Succession may occur where extirpated edge, ecosystem shifts towards regimes mid latitudes, though many aspects these shifts, such as total biomass depth range, be field validated. results first global synthesis changes pan-Arctic coastal ecosystems suggest transitions unavoidable now areas.
Language: Английский
Citations
40
Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9
Published: March 31, 2022
The coastal zone of the Canadian Arctic represents 10% world’s coastline and is one most rapidly changing marine regions on planet. To predict consequences these environmental changes, a better understanding how gradients shape habitat structure in this area required. We quantified abundance diversity canopy forming seaweeds throughout nearshore (5–15 m) Eastern using diving surveys benthic collections at 55 sites distributed over 3,000 km coastline. Kelp forests were found throughout, covering average 40.4% (±29.9 SD) seafloor across all depths, despite thick sea ice scarce hard substrata some areas. Total standing macroalgal biomass ranged from 0 to 32 kg m –2 wet weight averaged 3.7 (±0.6 depths. Kelps less abundant depths 5 compared 10 or 15 distinct regional assemblages related cover, substratum type, nutrient availability. common community configuration was mixed assemblage four species: Agarum clathratum (14.9% cover ± 12.0 SD), Saccharina latissima (13% 14.7 Alaria esculenta (5.4% 1.2 Laminaria solidungula (3.7% 4.9 SD). A. dominated northernmost S. L. occurred high with more open water days. In southeastern areas along coast northern Labrador, mainly urchin barrens, little vegetation. positive relationships between days (days without ice) kelp seaweed diversity, suggesting could increase, species composition shift, as diminishes Arctic. Our findings demonstrate potential productivity extensive highlight need understand ecology system services it provides.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Frontiers in Genome Editing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6
Published: March 6, 2024
This minireview examines the current state and challenges of genome editing in macroalgae. Despite ecological economic significance this group organisms, has seen limited applications. While CRISPR functionality been established two brown ( Ectocarpus species 7 Saccharina japonica ) one green seaweed Ulva prolifera ), these studies are to proof-of-concept demonstrations. All also (co)-targeted ADENINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE enrich for mutants, due relatively low efficiencies. To advance field, there should be a focus on advancing auxiliary technologies, particularly stable transformation, so that novel reagents can screened their efficiency. More work is needed understanding DNA repair as tightly linked with outcomes. Developing efficient tools macroalgae will unlock ability characterize genes, which largely uncharted terrain. Moreover, given importance, impact breeding campaigns develop strains have better yields, produce more commercially valuable compounds, show improved resilience impacts global change.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)
Published: May 14, 2024
The southern coast of Africa is one the few places in world where water temperatures are predicted to cool future. This endemism-rich coastline home two sister species kelps genus Ecklonia maxima and radiata, each associated with specific thermal niches, occuring primarily on opposite sides tip Africa. Historical distribution records indicate that E. has recently shifted its ~ 70 km eastward, sites only radiata was previously reported. contact contrasting affinities occurrence mixed morphologies raised hypothesis hybridization might be occurring this zone. Here we describe genetic structure along investigate potential cryptic diversity using a combination nuclear microsatellites mitochondrial markers. We found both have geographically discrete clusters, consistent expected phylogeographic breaks coastline. In addition, depth-isolated populations were harbor unique diversity, including third lineage. Mito-nuclear discordance high divergence zones suggest multiple events between species. Discordance morphological molecular identification suggests influence abiotic factors leading convergent phenotypes zones. Our results highlight an example driven by closely related keystone affinities.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(24), P. 6473 - 6488
Published: Oct. 6, 2022
Coastal refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 years ago) have been hypothesized at high latitudes in North Atlantic, suggesting marine populations persisted through cycles of glaciation and are potentially adapted to local environments. Here, whole-genome sequencing was used test whether Atlantic coastal kelp Alaria esculenta survived area southwestern Greenland Maximum. We present first annotated genome for A. call variant positions 54 individuals from Canada, Greenland, Faroe Islands, Norway Ireland. Differentiation across reflected ~1.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, which further revealed mixed ancestry Islands between putative Greenlandic European lineages. Time-calibrated organellar phylogenies suggested were established last interglacial period more than 100,000 ago, that population probably following Patterns statistics, including diversity, minor allele frequencies, heterozygosity linkage disequilibrium decay, nonetheless reduced Canadian small effective sizes most recent glaciation. Functional differentiation exon read coverage, expansions unique 337 exons representing 162 genes, a modest degree loss (103 56 genes). Altogether, our genomic results provide strong evidence resilient past climatic fluctuations related glaciations high-latitude already conditions as result.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
European Journal of Phycology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 351 - 375
Published: Oct. 31, 2022
Cystoseira sensu lato (s.l.) – encompassing the genera stricto (s.s.), Ericaria and Gongolaria is a diverse group of forest-forming brown macroalgae endemic to warm-temperate North-east Atlantic. These algae have immense biogeographic ecological significance been experiencing recent regional declines. Most s.l. display important morphological plasticity can be confused with similar species. Therefore, species boundaries, geographic ranges phylogenetic affinities remain imprecise for most. In face persistent taxonomic difficulties, several authors underlined necessity new molecular-based approaches, but studies so far lacked representativity, resolution standardization. To fill in these gaps, this study we sequenced comprehensive collection spanning its entire Atlantic range ~1200 bp cox1 barcode, selected individuals representing major genetic entities few additional plastid markers. Phylogeographic, delimitation methods revealed 27 Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units, including unaccounted cryptic diversity, elucidated unprecedented compositions relationships within each genus. Some lineages compressa/humilis, brachycarpa/crinita, E. selaginoides tophulose Gongolaria, as well among free-living algae, conflicted priori assignments, required redefinition, reinstatement recognition taxa. For some, diagnostic mutations biogeography were more useful identifications than characters or conventional barcoding gaps. A showed narrow others sole representatives their respective lineages. Several sister-species vs Mediterranean complementary ranges. Phylogenetic signal was nevertheless insufficient confidently determine patterns lineage splitting complexes did not improve significantly We discuss novel systematics insights considering advantages shortcomings approach employed, how baseline expanded address multiple questions still left unanswered.HIGHLIGHTS Identification s.s., Gongolaria.A reference barcode library s.l.Updated
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: May 12, 2022
Phylogenomic data increase the possibilities of resolving evolutionary and systematic relationships among taxa. This is especially valuable in groups with few homoplasious morphological characters, which taxonomical delimitations have been traditionally difficult. Such case several lineages within Bryophyta, like Orthotrichaceae, second most diverse family mosses. Members tribe Orthotricheae are common temperate cold regions, as well high tropical mountains. In extratropical areas, they represent one main components epiphytic communities, both dry oceanic or hyperoceanic conditions. The environment considered a hostile for plant development, mainly due to its low capacity moisture retention. Thus, diversification Orthotrichaceae this could be seen striking. Over last two decades, great taxonomic progresses led rearrangement at generic level tribe, providing new framework link patterns diversification. Here, we use nuclear loci targeted GoFlag 408 enrichment probe set generate well-sampled phylogeny well-supported suprageneric taxa increasing phylogenetic resolution recognized subtribes. Specifically, show that genera Ulota-like morphology jointly constitute an independent lineage. Within lineage, recently described Atlantichella from Macaronesia Western Europe appears sister group Ulota bellii Zealandia. latter species here segregated genus Rehubryum. Assessment ecological biogeographical affinities suggests niche adaptation (including climate substrate) may key driver shaped Orthotricheae.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 108197 - 108197
Published: Sept. 11, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Published: May 14, 2024
Phylogenomics has enriched our understanding that the Tree of Life can have network-like or reticulate structures among some taxa and genes. Non-vertical modes evolution—such as hybridization/introgression horizontal gene transfer—deviate from a strictly bifurcating tree model, causing non-treelike patterns. Here, we present brief overview phylogenomic workflow for inferring organismal histories compare methods detecting evolution. We discuss how timing coalescent events help disentangle introgression incomplete lineage sorting transfer determine relative speciation events. In doing so, identify pitfalls certain to extend their utility across Life. Workflows, methods, future directions discussed herein underscore need embrace evolutionary patterns rates events, providing clearer life’s history.
Language: Английский
Citations
1