Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(35)

Published: Aug. 7, 2022

Abstract Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory evidence suggests a need revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim critically re‐evaluate the prevailing paradigm of negative effects ocean on calcifiers. Based 5153 observations from 985 studies, many calcifiers (e.g., echinoderms, crustaceans, cephalopods) are found be tolerant near‐future (pH ≈ 7.8 by year 2100), coccolithophores, calcifying algae, corals appear sensitive. Calcifiers generally more sensitive at larval stage than adult stage. Over 70% in growth calcification non‐negative, implying acclimation capacity acidification. can mediated phenotypic plasticity physiological, mineralogical, structural, molecular adjustments), transgenerational plasticity, increased food availability, or species interactions. The results suggest that impacts less deleterious initially thought as their adaptability has been underestimated. Therefore, forthcoming era research, it advocated studying how organisms persist important they perish, future hypotheses experimental designs not constrained within effects.

Language: Английский

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Ocean acidification promotes broad transcriptomic responses in marine metazoans: a literature survey

Frontiers in Zoology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2020

Abstract For nearly a decade, the metazoan-focused research community has explored impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine animals, noting that changes in chemistry can impact calcification, metabolism, acid-base regulation, stress response and behavior organisms hold high ecological economic value. Because OA interacts with several key physiological processes organisms, transcriptomics become widely-used method to characterize whole organism responses molecular level as well inform mechanisms explain phenotypes observed OA. In past there been notable rise studies examine transcriptomic metazoans, here we attempt summarize findings across these studies. We find vary dramatically their pH although common patterns are often observed, including shifts ion metabolic processes, calcification mechanisms. also see examining organismal multi-stressor context, reporting synergistic effects temperature. addition, is an increase use evolutionary potential adapt conditions future through population transgenerational experiments. Overall, literature reveals complex OA, which some will face more dramatic consequences than others. This have wide-reaching communities ecosystems whole.

Language: Английский

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Immunotoxicity of four nanoparticles to a marine bivalve species, Tegillarca granosa

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 377, P. 237 - 248

Published: May 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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Ocean Acidification Affects the Cytoskeleton, Lysozymes, and Nitric Oxide of Hemocytes: A Possible Explanation for the Hampered Phagocytosis in Blood Clams, Tegillarca granosa

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 23, 2018

An enormous amount of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) has been dissolved into the ocean, leading to a lower pH and changes in chemical properties seawater, which termed ocean acidification (OA). The impacts pCO2-driven on immunity have revealed recently various marine organisms. However, mechanism causing reduction phagocytosis still remains unclear. Therefore, at present near-future levels (pH values 8.1, 7.8, 7.4) rate phagocytosis, abundance cytoskeleton components, nitric oxide (NO), concentration activity lysozymes (LZM) hemocytes were investigated commercial bivalve species, blood clam (Tegillarca granosa). In addition, effects OA expression genes regulating actin skeleton synthesis (NOS2) also analyzed. results obtained showed that phagocytic rate, component abundance, LZM all significantly reduced after two-week exposure future scenario 7.4. On contrary, remarkable increase NO compared control was detected clams exposed OA. Furthermore, up-regulated exposure. Though seemed be complicated based study those reported previously, our suggested may reduce by (1) decreasing components therefore hampering cytoskeleton-mediated process engulfment, (2) reducing constraining degradation engulfed pathogen through an oxygen-independent pathway, (3) inducing production NO, negatively regulate immune responses.

Language: Английский

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Living in future ocean acidification, physiological adaptive responses of the immune system of sea urchins resident at a CO2 vent system

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 672, P. 938 - 950

Published: April 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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A review of transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on marine bivalves and their implications for sclerochronology

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 106620 - 106620

Published: Jan. 26, 2020

Language: Английский

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Impact of Ocean Acidification on the Energy Metabolism and Antioxidant Responses of the Yesso Scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 21, 2019

Ocean acidification (OA), which is caused by increasing levels of dissolved CO2 in the ocean, a major threat to marine ecosystems. Multiple lines scientific evidence show that bivalves, including scallops, are vulnerable OA due their poor capacities regulate extracellular ions and acid-based status. However, physiological mechanisms scallops responding not well understood. In this study, we evaluated effects 45 days exposure (pH 7.5) on energy metabolism antioxidant capability Yesso scallops. Some biochemical markers related (e.g., content glycogen ATP, activity ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase glutamate-pyruvate transaminase), capacity reactive oxygen species level, superoxide dismutase catalase) cellular damage lipid peroxidation level) were measured. Our results demonstrate reduced pH (7.5) varied different tissues. The reserves mainly accumulated adductor muscle hepatopancreas. exhibit modulation dehydrogenase activities stimulate anaerobic metabolism. highly active Na+/K+-ATPase massive ATP consumption mantle gill indicate large amount was allocated for ion regulation process maintain acid-base balance reduced-pH environment. Moreover, increase level catalase muscle, oxidative stress induced after long-term findings tissue-specific, homeostasis could be modulated through

Language: Английский

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Assessing the impact of elevated pCO2 within and across generations in a highly invasive fouling mussel (Musculista senhousia)

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 689, P. 322 - 331

Published: June 29, 2019

Language: Английский

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Selectively bred oysters can alter their biomineralization pathways, promoting resilience to environmental acidification

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 4105 - 4115

Published: Sept. 25, 2019

Abstract Commercial shellfish aquaculture is vulnerable to the impacts of ocean acidification driven by increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) absorption as well coastal land run off and rising sea level. These drivers environmental have deleterious effects on biomineralization. We investigated shell biomineralization selectively bred wild‐type families Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata in a study oysters being farmed estuaries at leases differing acidification. The contrasting estuarine pH regimes enabled us determine mechanisms growth vulnerability this species contemporary Determination source carbon, mechanism uptake use biomineral formation are key understanding future We, therefore, characterized crystallography shells S. glomerata, resident habitats subjected acidification, using high‐resolution electron backscatter diffraction isotope analyses (as δ 13 C). show that for fast selected disease resistance can alter their calcite crystal biomineralization, promoting resilience responses habitat provide insights into mollusc under climate change conditions. Importantly, we selective breeding likely be an important global mitigation strategy sustainable withstand climate‐driven

Language: Английский

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Ocean Acidification Induces Subtle Shifts in Gene Expression and DNA Methylation in Mantle Tissue of the Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica)

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Nov. 13, 2020

Early evidence suggests that DNA methylation can mediate phenotypic responses of marine calcifying species to ocean acidification (OA). Few studies, however, have explicitly studied in tissues through time. Here, we examined the and molecular extrapallial fluid mantle (fluid tissue at calcification site) Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) exposed experimental OA over 80 days. Oysters were reared under three pCO2 treatments ('control', 580 μatm; 'moderate OA', 1000 uatm; 'high 2800 μatm) sampled 6 time points (24 hours - days). We found high initially induced changes pH (pHEPF) relative external seawater, but magnitude this difference was highest 9 days diminished Calcification rates significantly lower treatment compared other treatments. To explore how oysters regulate their fluid, gene expression mantle-edge from day control Mantle mounted a significant global response (both transcriptome methylome) shifted Although did not find individual genes differentially expressed OA, pHEPF correlated with eigengene several co-expressed clusters. A small number OA-induced methylated loci discovered, which corresponded weak association between genome-wide body expression. Gene methylation, These results suggest C. virginica, induces subtle large genes, also indicates plasticity level may be limited. Our study highlights need re-assess tissue-specific calcifiers, as well role mediating physiological biomineralization OA.

Language: Английский

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